Effectiveness of mobile applications in improving insomnia symptoms among adults from multi-community: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective/background: To clarify whether mobile sleep applications alleviate insomnia symptoms among adults from multi-community.

Patients/methods: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for articles related to mobile technology and sleep interventions published between database inceptions and March 27, 2023. We pooled relevant data using a random-effects model, and a meta-analysis was performed using a web version of the Cochrane Review Manager.

Correction: Kanda et al. Body Compression Corrective Garment and Eating Behavioural Change for Weight Reduction: The Mutsu City Randomised Controlled Trial. 2023, , 942.

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Lifestyle parameters of Japanese agricultural and non-agricultural workers aged 60 years or older and less than 60 years: A cross-sectional observational study.

Objectives: Improving the lifestyle of occupational workers is essential for extending healthy life expectancy. We investigated various lifestyle-related items in a rural Japanese population and compared them between agricultural and non-agricultural workers.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the "Iwaki Health Promotion Project.

Relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and frailty.

Objective: To elucidate the relationship between frailty and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Methods: We longitudinally evaluated the temporal changes and the relationships between frailty and LUTS in 247 community-dwelling adults (45 years or older) at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. We used the Fried phenotype (phenotype-based frailty), 5-item modified frailty index (5i-mFI; comorbidity-based frailty), and frailty discriminant score (comprehensive frailty assessment) to evaluate frailty.

Body Compression Corrective Garment and Eating Behavioural Change for Weight Reduction: The Mutsu City Randomised Controlled Trial.

Affordable and accessible behaviour-based interventions that do not overwhelm or demoralise overweight/obese individuals are needed. Combining clothing with behaviour change techniques might be an option. This is because clothing is a social norm, and clothing and motivation for weight loss are associated with the common desire to look better.

Association of Plasma Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein Concentration with Dietary Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Health Status in the Japanese General Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The influx of intestinal bacteria-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the blood has attracted attention as a cause of diseases. The aim of this study is investigating the associations between the influx of LPS, dietary factors, gut microbiota, and health status in the general adult population. Food/nutrient intake, gut microbiota, health status and plasma LPS-binding protein (LBP; LPS exposure indicator) were measured in 896 residents (58.

Effusion detected by ultrasonography and overweight may predict the risk of knee osteoarthritis in females with early knee osteoarthritis: a retrospective analysis of Iwaki cohort data.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) has enormous medical and socioeconomic burdens, which early diagnosis and intervention can reduce. We investigated the influence of knee effusion on the progression of knee OA in patients with early knee OA.

Methods: A total of 404 participants without radiographic knee OA were assessed from a 3-year longitudinal analysis.

Relationship between the cross-sectional area of the lumbar dural sac and lower urinary tract symptoms: A population-based cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the cross-sectional area of the dural sac (DCSA) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). This study included 270 Japanese participants from a community health check-up in 2016. Overactive bladder (OAB) was diagnosed during the assessment of LUTS.

Association of mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and hearing impairment with aging in Japanese general population of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a complex multifactorial disorder. Studies in animals, including mitochondria-mutator mice, and in human suggest that oxidative stress and mitochondrial disturbance play an important role in the pathoetiology of ARHL. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups are populations with genetically similar traits, and they have been reported to affect the mitochondrial function of oxidative phosphorylation.

The influence of gut microbiome on progression of overactive bladder symptoms: a community-based 3-year longitudinal study in Aomori, Japan.

Purpose: To assess the influence of gut microbiome on overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms progression.

Methods: This was a 3-year longitudinal study, Hirosaki in Japan. We assessed OAB symptoms and reviewed the medication records of each subject in 2016.

Association between mild cognitive impairment and lumbar degenerative disease in a Japanese community: A cross-sectional study.

Lumbar degenerative disease and dementia are increasing in super-aging societies and are both related to physical dysfunction and pain. However, the relationship between these diseases remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the comorbidity rates of lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and clarify the association between LSS presence, lumbar symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) related to low back pain and cognitive impairment in the Japanese population.

Association between Visceral Fat and Brain Structural Changes or Cognitive Function.

Visceral fat accumulation is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Visceral fat is a causal risk factor for hypertension and type 2 diabetes, which was reported as one of the risk factors for dementia. Visceral fat areas (VFA) might be clinically important to prevent dementia; however, the association between VFA and cognitive function in the elderly remains unknown.

Pain characteristics and incidence of functional disability among community-dwelling older adults.

This study examined the association between pain characteristics and the incidence of functional disability among community-dwelling older adults. This prospective cohort study included 4,365 older adults (mean age 74.7 years, 53.

The effect of a multicomponent intervention to promote community activity on cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention combining physical, cognitive, and social activities developed to promote community activity in improving cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Setting: A total of 83 Japanese older adults with MCI participated in the study from April to September 2017.

Daily Physical Activity and Functional Disability Incidence in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Pain: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: This study examined the association between daily physical activity and functional disability incidence in community-dwelling older adults with chronic pain.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Japanese community.

Impact of Sedentary Time on Chronic Kidney Disease and Disability Incidence in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults: A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

This study examined the association between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and disability incidence according to sedentary time in community-dwelling Japanese older adults. This prospective cohort study sampled 5,104 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) enrolled in a health promotion study in a general population. The participants (n = 4,457; ≥65 years) were monitored for inclusion in the long-term care insurance system for 4 years.

The role of social frailty in explaining the association between hearing problems and mild cognitive impairment in older adults.

Background: We examined the role of social frailty in the association between hearing problems and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and investigated which cognitive impairment domains are most strongly involved.

Methods: Participants were 4251 older adults (mean age 72.5 ± 5.

Effectiveness of the KENKOJISEICHI local revitalization system on cognitive function change in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline in older adults. However, past studies have demonstrated that older adults tend to relapse into inactivity after completing interventions. This ongoing study employs a randomized controlled trial design to assess the efficacy and efficiency of the KENKOJISEICHI local revitalization system for promoting daily outdoor behaviors to improve cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Older Korean adults have lower physical function despite longer exercise times compared to their Japanese counterparts: A Japan-Korea comparative study.

Aim: We aimed to compare the level of physical function (PF) and habitual exercise between older Japanese and Korean adults.

Methods: A comparative study was carried out on 1069 community-dwelling older Japanese and Korean adults (mean age 73.9 ± 5.

Relationship between chronic kidney disease without diabetes mellitus and components of frailty in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between kidney function without diabetes and components of the frailty phenotype in community-dwelling Japanese older adults.

Methods: Participants were 8343 residents who completed baseline assessments, classified into four categories according to eGFR. Frailty status was defined using five criteria: (i) slow gait speed; (ii) muscle weakness; (iii) low physical activity; (iv) exhaustion; and (v) unintentional weight loss.

Relationship between physical activity levels and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to obtain data from 3191 community-dwelling older Japanese adults aged 70-95 years. Depressive symptoms were assessed using self-reported scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15.

Does attending an exercise class with a spouse improve long-term exercise adherence among people aged 65 years and older: a 6-month prospective follow-up study.

Background: Family support can help older adults better adhere to exercise routine, but it remains unclear whether an exercise program targeting older married couples would have stronger effects on exercise adherence than would a program for individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an exercise program on the exercise adherence of older married couples over a 24-week follow-up period.

Methods: Thirty-four older married couples and 59 older adults participated in this study as couple and non-couple groups (CG and NCG, respectively).

Walking can be more effective than balance training in fall prevention among community-dwelling older adults.

Aim: To examine the effects of walking on falls among community-dwelling older adults while accounting for exposures.

Methods: A total of 90 older adults, ranging in age from 65 to 79 years, were allocated into either the walking (brisk walking, n = 50) or the balance (balance and strength training, n = 40) group to participate in a 3-month supervised and 13-month unsupervised fall-prevention program held from 2012 to 2014 in Japan. Falls and trips that occurred during the 16-month period were monitored with a monthly fall calendar.

Longitudinal association between habitual walking and fall occurrences among community-dwelling older adults: analyzing the different risks of falling.

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the association between habitual walking and multiple or injurious falls (falls) among community-dwelling older adults, by considering the relative risk of falling. A cohort of Japanese community-dwelling older adults (n=535) aged 60-91 years (73.1±6.