Cervical instability following artificial disc replacement.

Background: Although there has been increased interest in utilizing artificial disc replacement (ADR) techniques to treat cervical degenerative disease, few reports have focused on their postoperative complication and reoperation rates.

Case Description: A 52-year-old male underwent the uneventful placement of a C5-C6 cervical ADR for disc disease and foraminal stenosis. One year later, he experienced the onset of severe neck pain attributed to instability of the ADR construct.

Extradiscal Epiduroscopic Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy for Upper Lumbar Disc Herniation A Technical Note.

Study Design: This study was a technical case report.

Objectives: To introduce a new transforaminal percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) technique for the treatment of upper lumbar disc herniation using an extradiscal epiduroscopic approach.

Summary Of Background Data: Although upper lumbar disc herniation accounts for only 1%-2% of all cases of lumbar disc herniation, the treatment is difficult and shows relatively poor outcomes compared with lower lumbar disc herniation.

Extreme lateral and interlaminar approach for intra-canal and foraminal double disc herniation at lumbosacral level.

Introduction And Objectives: There are several approaches for double disc herniation consisting of an intracanal and foraminal lesion. Of several approaches, we introduced extreme lateral and interlaminar approach (ELIA). And we aimed to compare the approach with the conventional combined interlaminar and paraisthmic approach (CIPA).

Bilateral chylothorax following anterior cervical spine surgery.

Bilateral chylothorax following anterior cervical spine surgery is very rare. This report documents the first case of chylothorax after anterior cervical spine surgery through a right-side surgical approach. Unidentified chyle leakage can easily remain unrecognized and, thus, is difficult to treat.

Analysis of Risk Factors for Secondary New Vertebral Compression Fracture Following Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in Patients with Osteoporosis.

Objective: The aim of this article was to analyze risk factors for secondary new vertebral compression fractures (SNVCFs) after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporosis.

Methods: We investigated medical records and radiologic images of patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture between October 2009 and September 2014. We assessed patients' age, past medical history, and bone mineral content using computed tomography.

Postoperative Clinical Outcome and Risk Factors for Poor Outcome of Foraminal and Extraforaminal Lumbar Disc Herniation.

Objective: We evaluated postoperative outcomes in patients who have lumbar foraminal or extraforaminal disc herniation (FELDH) and suggested the risk factors for poor outcomes.

Methods: A total of 234 patients were selected for this study. Pre- and post-operative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Korean version Oswestry Disability Index (KODI) were evaluated and the changes of both score were calculated.

Clinical and radiologic analysis of posterior apophyseal ring separation associated with lumbar disc herniation.

Objective: We analyzed the clinical and radiologic features of posterior apophyseal ring separation (PARS) with lumbar disc herniation and suggest the proper management options according to the PARS characteristics.

Methods: We reviewed case series of patients with PARS who underwent surgery of lumbar disc herniation. Preoperative symptoms, neurologic status, Body Mass Index, preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Korean-Oswestry Disability Index (K-ODI) scores, operation types were obtained.

The clinical features of spinal leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant gliomas.

Objective: The incidence of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant glioma is rare, so the clinical features of this are not well documented yet. We attempted to determine the clinical features of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant gliomas.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 11 cases of leptomeningeal dissemination of malignant glioma, who were treated at our institution between 2006 and 2009.