Subtle ring-constraint effects on the formation of metallacycles. Cyclodimer versus cyclotrimer of bis(chloro)-1,4-bis(dimethyl-3 or 4-pyridylsilyl)benzenepalladium(II) complexes.

Stepwise modulation of the ring size of metallacyclic compounds via subtle ring-constraint effects has been established. The reactions of (COD)PdCl 2 with p- or m-psb ligand [COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene; p-psb = 1,4-bis(dimethyl-4-pyridylsilyl)benzene; m-psb = 1,4-bis(dimethyl-3-pyridylsilyl)benzene] in a mixture of acetone and ethanol at room temperature produce the metallacyclodimers [PdCl 2( p- or m-psb)] 2. The cyclodimeric species of [PdCl 2( p-psb)] 2 at the boiling temperature or via the sonication of the chloroform solution is completely converted to the cyclotrimer [PdCl 2( p-psb)] 3.

Pathologic alterations of the heart and the kidney in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: The occurrence of a variety of pathological lesions of the heart and kidneys have been described in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The frequency of these alterations and whether they are specific for AS has been discussed controversially. -

Methods: Outpatients with AS were studied to determine the frequency of cardiac and renal alterations and to assess the associated clinical and demographic factors.

First direct-formation and properties of microspherical superstructure. Morphology of diamineplatinum(II) complexes with isonicotinate.

Uniform microspheres (30 microm) of [Pt(en)(iso)(iso.HPF(6))] (en = ethylenediamine; iso = isonicotinate) has been formed without intentional addition of any template, that is, a genuine self-assembly, and their structure, physicochemical properties, and hydrogenation-catalytic activity have been characterized.

Long-term therapy of acute chronic liver failure to successful transplantation with an extracorporeal liver support system.

We report the case of a 38-year-old Caucasian male who was admitted because of end-stage liver failure due to primary sclerosing cholangitis. Because of the rapidly progressive severe hepatic encephalopathy and development of hepatorenal syndrome type I, the patient was immediately upgraded to a high priority status on the liver transplantation waiting list (T2 status according to Eurotransplant criteria). Intermittent therapy with an extracorporeal liver support system (Prometheus) was initiated in order to bridge the time period until the expected transplantation date.

Flow cytometry PRA using lymphocyte pools from random donors.

Background: Pools of lymphocytes from carefully chosen donors have been used for flow cytometry (FC) panel reactive antibody (PRA) assays. We intended to devise an FC PRA assay using mixed lymphocyte pools from a large number of randomly selected donors (RD FC PRA) to accurately predict the likelihood of a positive HLA crossmatch.

Methods: Lymphocyte pools were prepared from randomly selected donors (N = 120).

Inactivation of extracellular superoxide dismutase contributes to the development of high-volume hypertension.

Objectives: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) lowers superoxide anions and maintains vascular nitric oxide level. We studied the function of ecSOD in high-volume hypertension induced by the 1-kidney-1-clip model in wild-type, ecSOD-/- mice, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-/- mice.

Methods And Results: The 1-kidney-1-clip model resulted in impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation and hypertension and vascular oxidative stress in wild-type and ecSOD-/- mice.

Mapping of nursing records into the NIC and the ICNP in a Korean oriental-medicine hospital.

This study uses mapping methodology to examine the applicability of the Nursing Interventions Classification and the International Classification of Nursing Practice to nursing practice in a Korean Oriental-medicine hospital. Data were collected from the nursing records of 56 stroke patients in one unit, and intervention statements were mapped into NIC and ICNP. Of 147 unique nursing intervention statements extracted, 136 (92.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor tungsten prevents the development of atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice fed a Western-type diet.

Hyperlipidemia enhances xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. XO is an important source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since ROS are thought to promote atherosclerosis, we hypothesized that XO is involved in the development of atherosclerosis.

Supramolecular framework with two different kinds of channels via self-assembly of 1D coordination polymers in a prismatic manner.

Slow diffusion of Cu(ClO4)2 with p-C6H4(SiMe2(4-Py))2 yields a supramolecular framework consisting of two kinds of channels via self-assembly of a 1D double-stranded chain in a prismatic fashion. The channel has a 11 x 11 A2 cross section (Cu..

Impact of preoperative treatment strategies on the early perioperative outcome in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine the impact of specific intensive care procedures on preoperative hemodynamics, incidence of preoperative organ dysfunction, and in-hospital mortality among neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome with pulmonary overcirculation and to assess the influence of the change in preoperative management on early postoperative outcome.

Methods: In this retrospective evaluation of 72 neonates with classic hypoplastic left heart syndrome and severe pulmonary overcirculation with different preoperative management strategies from 1992 to 1995 and from 1996 to 2000, univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors were performed with stepwise logistic regression.

Results: Among patients with ventilatory and inotropic support from admission until surgery, degree of metabolic acidosis (lowest recorded and prerepair pH values) was significantly higher than among patients who received systemic vasodilators without ventilation before surgery.

Structural determination of cyclitol derivatives by fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry.

Three cyclitol derivatives were isolated from the marine sponge Sarcotragus sp. by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and analyzed by fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS). Their structural elucidation was carried out with FAB tandem mass spectrometry (FAB-MS/MS).

Donor effect on supramolecular structures of silver(I) perchlorate complexes of macrocycles with O2S2X (X=S, O and NH) donor sets.

By virtue of simple one donor variations of O(2)S(2)X-donor macrocycles (L(1): X=S, L(2): X=O and L(3): X=NH) towards silver(I) perchlorates, four supramolecular complexes (1-3) with different topologies have been isolated; L(1) afforded solvent- and anion-free sandwich complex (1), otherwise L(2) and L(3) gave the dimeric (2a), 1-D polymeric (2b), and tetrameric bowl-type (3) complexes with solvent or anion coordination.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of quinoxaline-5,8-diones that inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.

A series of 6-arylamino-2,3-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-7-chloro-quinoxaline-5,8-diones were synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity on the rat aortic smooth muscle cell (RAoSMC) proliferation. The quinoxaline-5,8-diones exhibited a potent antiproliferative activity. Further mechanistic study revealed that the inhibitory effect of one representative quinoxaline-5,8-dione on SMC proliferation was mediated by modulation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway in the RAoSMCs.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of 2/3-arylthio- and 2,3-bis(arylthio)-5-hydroxy-/5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones.

2/3-Arylthio- and 2,3-bis(arylthio)-5-hydroxy-/5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones 5-9 were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida species and Aspergillus niger. The synthesized compounds 5-9 generally showed good activities against Candida albicans and C. tropicalis.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of 5-arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzo[b]thiophenes.

5-Arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzo[b]thiophenes 3-6 were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. 5-Arylamino-6-chloro-2-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,7-dioxobenzo[b]thiophenes 5 showed, in general, more potent antifungal activity against Candida species than the other 4,7-dioxobenzo[b]thiophenes 3, 4 and 6. The results suggest that 5-arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzo[b]thiophenes would be potent antifungal agents.

Soluble epoxide hydrolase is a main effector of angiotensin II-induced hypertension.

The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) metabolizes vasodilatory epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) to their di-hydroxy derivatives. We hypothesized that the metabolism of EETs by the sEH contributes to angiotensin II-induced hypertension and tested the effects of a water-soluble sEH inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido) dodecanoic acid (AUDA) on blood pressure. AUDA (130 microg/mL in drinking water) did not affect blood pressure in normotensive animals but markedly lowered it in mice with angiotensin II-induced hypertension (1 mg/kg per day).

Synthesis and antifungal activity of noble 5-arylamino- and 6-arylthio-4,7-dioxobenzoselenazoles.

5-Arylamino- and 6-arylthio-4,7-dioxobenzoselenazoles 4 and 5 were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. 5-Arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzoselenazoles 4 showed, in general, more potent antifungal activity than 6-arylthio-4,7-dioxobenzoselenazoles 5. The results suggest that 5-arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzoselenazoles 4 would be potent antifungal agents.

Synthesis and antifungal activity of 5,8-quinazolinedione derivatives modified at positions 6 and 7.

5,8-Quinazolinediones modified at positions 6 and 7 were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activities against Candida species and Aspergillus niger. Most of 5,8-quinazolinediones 3-5 generally exhibited potent antifungal activity. 6-Arylamino-7-chloro-5,8-quinazolinediones (3) generally showed more potent antifungal activity than 7-arylthio-5,8-quinzolinediones (4) and 6,7-bis-(arylthio)-5,8-quinazolinediones (5).

Effects of acute and chronic treatment with the sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE-1) inhibitor cariporide on myocardial infarct mass in rabbits with hypercholesterolaemia.

We investigated the cardioprotective effect of acute and chronic sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE-1) inhibition with cariporide under pathological conditions in rabbits fed an atherogenic diet (0.25% cholesterol, 3% coconut oil), an experimental model of atherosclerosis. New Zealand White rabbits were fed over 4 weeks with normal diet or with atherogenic diet and randomized in 3 subgroups (n=7 in each group); placebo, acute cariporide (0.

Hypertension in HIV-1-infected patients and its impact on renal and cardiovascular integrity.

Background: With increasing life spans of HIV-infected individuals under highly active antiretroviral therapy, long-term consequences of the chronic infection and antiretroviral treatment are becoming more prevalent. Data on prevalence and consequences of hypertension are limited, but recent studies suggest that HIV-infected individuals are at a higher risk of developing hypertension.

Methods: In this prospective study, HIV-1-infected patients from the Frankfurt AIDS Cohort Study (FACS) were followed for 1 year to determine the frequency of systemic hypertension and to assess the associated clinical and demographic factors.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzimidazole-4,7-diones that inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.

A series of 6-arylamino-5-chloro-benzimidazole-4,7-diones were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activity on the rat aortic smooth muscle cell (RAoSMC) proliferation. Among them, 6-arylamino-5-chloro-2-methyl-benzimidazole-4,7-diones exhibited potent antiproliferative activity. Benzimidazole-4,7-dione 2c activated SAPK/JNK signaling pathway in the RAoSMCs.

gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase mediates endothelial dysfunction in renovascular hypertension.

Background: Isoforms of the NADPH oxidase contribute to vascular superoxide anion (*O2-) formation and limit NO bioavailability. We hypothesized that the endothelial gp91phox-containing NADPH oxidase is predominant in generating the O2- to scavenge endothelial NO and thus is responsible for the development of endothelial dysfunction.

Methods And Results: Endothelial dysfunction was studied in aortic rings from wild-type (WT) and gp91phox-knockout (gp91phox-/-) mice with and without renovascular hypertension induced by renal artery clipping (2K1C).