Continuous Postpandemic Increase in the Use of Nutrition Fact Labels Among Korean Adults: A Weighted Multiyear Analysis of a Nationwide Survey.

Nutrition fact labels (NFLs) have advantages because they are an intuitive tool that provides unified information regulated by the government and does not require any devices or special skills. During pandemic, with increased interest in information about healthy food choices and optimum nutrition, frequent exposure to NFLs on pre-packaged foods and dietary supplements may have helped consumers become aware of and/or use NFLs. We aimed to evaluate NFL usage changes from the pre- and early to the late pandemic years in the Korean adult population, using data from the Korean Community Health Survey (3-year total respondents n = 687,610) conducted from 2019 to 2021.

Thermally Driven Spin Transport of Epitaxial FeRh Films with a Non-magnetic Pt Layer via the Longitudinal Spin Seebeck Effect.

FeRh has been demonstrated to be an important material for the observation of magnetic phase transitions, such as the first-order transition from an antiferromagnetic (AFM) to a ferromagnetic (FM) state, in response to changes in the temperature. This is because of the magnetic moment induced in Rh atoms above the magnetic phase transition temperature. In the present study, we focus on the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE), which involves the generation of spin voltage as a result of a temperature gradient in FM materials or FM insulators, and experimentally assess the effect of the crystalline quality of FeRh films and the properties of the substrate on the LSSE thermopower during the FM-AFM phase transition.

Nutrition fact label (NFL) use is related to meeting the requirements for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey VIII (2019-2021) for the prepandemic and pandemic periods.

The credibility and wide usability of nutrition fact labels (NFLs) have increased due to the pandemic, which may lead to healthier nutritional choices. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between NFL use and meeting the estimated average requirements (EARs) for vitamins and minerals not listed on NFLs during the prepandemic (2019, n = 6606) and pandemic periods (2020 and 2021, n = 12085) using KNHANES data. Household surveys, health behavior interviews, and health checkup examinations were conducted for all participants.

Automatic identification of posteroanterior cephalometric landmarks using a novel deep learning algorithm: a comparative study with human experts.

This study aimed to propose a fully automatic posteroanterior (PA) cephalometric landmark identification model using deep learning algorithms and compare its accuracy and reliability with those of expert human examiners. In total, 1032 PA cephalometric images were used for model training and validation. Two human expert examiners independently and manually identified 19 landmarks on 82 test set images.

Bottom-Up Evolution of Diamond-Graphite Hybrid Two-Dimensional Nanostructure: Underlying Picture and Electrochemical Activity.

The diamond-graphite hybrid thin film with low-dimensional nanostructure (e.g., nitrogen-included ultrananocrystalline diamond (N-UNCD) or the alike), has been employed in many impactful breakthrough applications.

Supplementation with a Natural Source of Amino Acids, Sil-Q1 (Silk Peptide), Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity: A Redesigned Clinical Trial with a Reduced Supplementation Dose and Minimized Seasonal Effects in a Larger Population.

The aim of this study was to re-validate the changes in natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cytokines related to T cells after Sil-Q1 (SQ; silk peptide) supplementation in a larger pool of Korean adults with minimized daily dose of SQ and controlling seasonal influence compared to the previous study. A total of 130 subjects were randomly assigned (1:1) to consume either 7.5 g of SQ or placebo for 8 weeks.

Access opening guide produced using a 3D printer (AOG-3DP) as an effective tool in difficult cases for dental students.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of using an access opening guide in teaching ideal access opening shape and preventing excessive tooth loss, with a focus on predoctoral dental students.

Methods: Ninety teeth that were mounted in a box just below the level of the cementoenamel junction using tray resin were randomly divided into two study groups. An access opening guide produced using a 3D printer (AOG-3DP) was designed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Immune activation of Bio-Germanium in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with 130 human subjects: Therapeutic opportunities from new insights.

[NCT03677921]; www.clinicaltrials.gov [KCT0002726]; https://cris.

The cholesterol-lowering effect of unripe Rubus coreanus is associated with decreased oxidized LDL and apolipoprotein B levels in subjects with borderline-high cholesterol levels: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Rubus coreanus (R. coreanus) possesses properties that may decrease cholesterol levels.

Methods: The effects of unripe R.

Chitosan oligosaccharide (GO2KA1) improves postprandial glycemic response in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose and in healthy subjects: a crossover, randomized controlled trial.

Background: The antidiabetic and hypoglycemic effects of chitosan have been reported in previous studies. We have previously shown that chitosan oligosaccharide reduces postprandial blood glucose levels in vivo. We conducted a short-term crossover study to support the results of the previous study.

Effect of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition formula enriched with plant-derived -3 fatty acids on natural killer cell activity in rehabilitation patients.

Background/objectives: Enteral nutrition formulas with immune-enhancing nutrients, such as -3 fatty acids, may manage patients' nutritional status and pathophysiological processes. The aim of our study was to investigate natural killer (NK) cell activity alterations and related cytokine changes resulting from feeding with soybean oil-containing enteral nutrition formula (control group) and plant-derived -3 fatty acid-enriched enteral nutrition formula.

Subjects/methods: Subjects participated for 14 consecutive days and consumed enteral formula containing canola and flaxseed oil (n3EN, test group) in nonsurgical patients hospitalized for rehabilitation.

Effects of motivation interviewing using a group art therapy program on negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Background: We investigated the effect of motivation interviewing using group art therapy on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

Methods: Participants were patients with chronic schizophrenia admitted to the D psychiatric wards in D city, Korea. There were 17 and 18 patients in the experimental and control groups, respectively.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Aluminum Laminated Film for a Pouch-Type Secondary Battery.

In this study, we intend to find the laminate condition for improvement of the chemical resistance of the aluminum pouch film widely used as the coating material of the secondary battery. Here, we investigated the properties including the initial adhesive strength and electrolyte resistance between the metal film layer aluminum and the sealant layer cast polypropylene (CPP) film. As for the laminating condition, we changed the temperature and line speed and maintained the identical pressure conditions.

Inherently-Forced Tensile Strain in Nanodiamond-Derived Onion-like Carbon: Consequences in Defect-Induced Electrochemical Activation.

We analyzed the nanodiamond-derived onion-like carbon (OLC) as function of synthesis temperature (1000~1400 °C), by high-resolution electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, visible-Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The temperature dependences of the obtained properties (averaged particle size, tensile strain, defect density, density of states, electron transfer kinetics, and electrochemical oxidation current) unanimously coincided: they initially increased and saturated at 1200 °C. It was attributed to the inherent tensile strains arising from (1) the volume expansion associated with the layer-wise diamond-to-graphite transformation of the core, which caused forced dilation of the outer shells during their thermal synthesis; (2) the extreme curvature of the shells.

Effects of hole and electron transporting interlayers for inverted polymer solar cells.

An efficient inverted polymer solar cell (PSC) with a transparent amorphous titanium oxide (TiOx) as an electron transporting layer (ETL) between bottom electrode and photo-active layer, and a tungsten oxide (WO3) inserted as a hole transporting layer (HTL) was fabricated. Introducing of ETL and HTL results in increases in the open circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current (JSC) and the fill factor (FF). The inverted PSC device with TiOx and WO3 layer showed the higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) than that of conventional PSC.

Novel aspect in grain size control of nanocrystalline diamond film for thin film waveguide mode resonance sensor application.

Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) thin film growth was systematically investigated for application for the thin film waveguide mode resonance sensor. The NCD thin film was grown on the Si wafer or on the SiO2-coated sapphire substrate using the hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD). The structural/optical properties of the samples were characterized by the high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy.

Synthesis and characterization of a thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole-based copolymer for high performance polymer solar cells.

A highly processable, new semiconducting polymer, PCDTTz, based on alternating thiazolothiazole and carbazole units was synthesized. The new polymer exhibited a field-effect carrier mobility of up to 3.8 × 10(-3) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and bulk heterojunction solar cells made from PCDTTz produced a power conversion efficiency of 4.

Preparation and characterization of Pt nanoparticles inside nanotubule TiO2.

Platinum nanoparticle has been supported on the tubular type titanium oxide using incipient wetness method employing H2PtCl6 as a precursor, where the loading was controlled to 4 wt%. The result of transmission electron micrographs of the sample showed the formation of Pt nanoparticles inside the tubule. The distribution of the particle size was found to be bimodal at ca.

Enhanced efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells with novel synthesized TiO2.

An anatase TiO2 and three kinds of novel TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal method for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), which were obtained by mixing NaOH (10 M), KOH (14 M) and LiOH (10 M) solution with an anatase TiO2 powder, respectively. The TiO2 working electrodes of DSSCs were prepared and the photoelectric properties of the cells were characterized. The influence of different poly(ethylene glycol) contents in TiO2 films with and without HNO3 treatment on the electron transfer in DSSCs were investigated.

Formation of nanotubule, nanorod and polycrystalline nanoparticles TiO2 by alkaline hydrothermal transformation of anatase TiO2.

Nanostructured titanium oxides with various morphologies were prepared through the hydrothermal treatment of TiO2 anatase, using LiOH, NaOH and KOH as a peptizing agent at 400 K for 30 hrs. The obtained samples were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, BET measurement and the electron spin resonance spectroscopy. The observed morphologies such as tubule, partially plugged nanorod and polycrystalline nanoparticles can be tailored depending on the types of alkali metal ion, Na+, K+, and Li+ used in the hydrothermal treatments.

Adsorption of Cr(VI) onto cationic surfactant-modified activated carbon.

Highly toxic oxyanions, such as hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), have caused adverse effects on human health. This study evaluated the feasibility of using cationic surfactant-modified activated carbon (AC) to remove Cr(VI). To modify activated carbon using a cationic surfactant, AC was mixed with a surfactant solution of 0.

Influence of cationic surfactant on adsorption of Cr(VI) onto activated carbon.

The effect of a cationic surfactant on the adsorption of Cr(VI) on activated carbon was investigated using cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC). At a concentration below the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of CPC, the adsorption of CPC and Cr(VI) reached equilibrium within 60 min, while it took 180 min at the concentration above CMC. CPC decreased the adsorption rate of Cr(VI) and increased the adsorption amount of Cr(VI) onto activated carbon.