Association between depression and young-onset dementia in middle-aged women.

Background: Dementia is associated with older adults; however, it can also affect younger individuals, known as young-onset dementia (YOD), when diagnosed before the age of 65 years. We aimed to conduct a retrospective cohort study involving middle-aged women to investigate the association between premorbid depression and YOD development.

Methods: We included 1.

Risk of Heart Disease in Patients With Amputation: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.

Background: Amputation confers disabilities upon patients and is linked to substantial morbidity and death attributed to heart disease. While some studies have focused on traumatic amputees in veterans, few studies have focused on traumatic amputees within the general population. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the risk of heart disease in patients with traumatic amputation with disability within the general population using a large-scale nationwide population-based cohort.

Tuberculosis and osteoporotic fracture risk: development of individualized fracture risk estimation prediction model using a nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is linked to sustained inflammation even after treatment, and fracture risk is higher in TB survivors than in the general population. However, no individualized fracture risk prediction model exists for TB survivors. We aimed to estimate fracture risk, identify fracture-related factors, and develop an individualized risk prediction model for TB survivors.

Risk of fracture among patients with spinal cord injury: A nationwide cohort study in South Korea.

Background: Clinical concerns about preventing and managing fractures after spinal cord injury (SCI) have been growing.

Objective: This study investigates the risk of fractures among SCI patients according to the presence of disability, disease severity, and level of injury.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (KNHIS 2010-2018) database.

Risk of dementia in survivors of active tuberculosis in Korea: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Concern has been growing regarding post-tuberculosis (TB) morbidities, including neurologic and vascular comorbidities. However, the association between post-TB status and the risk of dementia has been evaluated in only few studies. Therefore, in the present study, the risk of dementia was investigated in a nationwide population-based cohort.

Association between dental diseases and oral hygiene care and the risk of vertebral fracture: a nationwide cohort study.

Unlabelled: Periodontal disease and increased missing teeth were associated with incident vertebral fractures. In contrast, professional dental cleaning and frequent tooth brushing, was associated with a lower risk of vertebral fracture. Better oral hygiene care attenuated the risk associated with dental diseases.

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Risk of Lung Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Introduction: There has been an increasing interest in the risk of lung cancer related to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the association between RA and the risk of lung cancer with consideration of key confounding factors, including RA serostatus and smoking status.

Methods: Using a nationwide database, we identified 51,899 patients with newly diagnosed RA between 2010 and 2017, which were matched by sex and age at a 1:5 ratio with 259,495 non-RA population.

Association between Dental Diseases and Oral Hygiene Care and the Risk of Dementia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To investigate the associations of dental diseases and oral hygiene care with the risk of dementia.

Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Setting And Participants: We conducted a population-based study of individuals in the Korean National Health Insurance System.

Association of Dental Diseases and Oral Hygiene Care With the Risk of Heart Failure in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background To evaluate the association of dental diseases and oral hygiene care with incidence of heart failure (HF) among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods and Results This study included 173 927 patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥40 years, who underwent Korean National Health Insurance Service health examinations in 2008 and were followed up until the end of 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for HF were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.

Smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: We aimed to examine the association between smoking behavior change and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This study used nationwide data from the Korean National Health Insurance System and included 349,137 T2DM patients who smoked. Smoking behavior changes were defined with five groups: quitters, reducers I (≥ 50% reduction), reducers II (20-50% reduction), sustainers (± 20%), and increasers (≥ 20% increase) from the number of cigarettes/day at the baseline.

Associations of reproductive factors with incidence of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke in postmenopausal women: a cohort study.

Background: To assess the association between the reproductive factors of age at menarche, age at menopause, and reproductive span and the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS).

Methods: We used a population-based retrospective cohort study from the National Health Insurance Service database of Korea including a total of 1,224,547 postmenopausal women. Associations between age at menarche (≤ 12, 13-14 [reference], 15, 16, and ≥ 17 years), age at menopause (< 40, 40-45, 46-50, 51-54 [reference], and ≥ 55 years), and reproductive span (< 30, 30-33, 34-36, 37-40 [reference], and ≥ 41 years) and the incidence of MI and IS were assessed by Cox proportional hazard models with adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and various reproductive factors.

Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Dementia in a Nationwide Cohort in South Korea.

Importance: The impact of serial changes in alcohol consumption on dementia risk has rarely been investigated to date.

Objective: To investigate the association of comprehensive patterns of changes in alcohol consumption with the incidence of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This is a retrospective cohort study.

Association of Changes in Smoking Intensity With Risk of Dementia in Korea.

Importance: Several observational studies have reported that smoking cessation is associated with a lower risk of dementia. However, no studies have examined the association between change in smoking intensity and risk of dementia.

Objective: To investigate the association between a change in smoking intensity, including smoking reduction and smoking cessation, and risk of all dementia.

Smoking Cessation Reduces the Risk of Heart Failure: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: There is a lack of data for the incidence of heart failure (HF) according to changes in smoking behaviors.

Objectives: The authors aimed to investigate the effects of smoking behavior change on development of HF.

Methods: In this population-based, retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance System database, the authors identified 778,608 current smokers who participated in a health screening program in 2009 and in a follow-up screening in 2011.

Increased Risk of Developing Depression in Disability after Stroke: A Korean Nationwide Study.

Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and a major cause of disability worldwide. A significant number of stroke survivors suffer from depression, impeding the activities of daily living and rehabilitation. Here, we examined the risk of depression among stroke survivors according to the severity of disabilities and compared its incidence with a matched control group.

Body mass index, waist circumference and cardiovascular diseases in transitional ages (40 and 66 years).

Background: There is lack of data on effect modification by age on the association between body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aimed to investigate the impact of BMI and WC on incident CVDs in individuals aged 40 and 66 years.

Methods: Overall, 2 430 510 participants who underwent a national health screening for transitional ages provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service between 2009 and 2012 were included.

The Association of Smoking Status and Clustering of Obesity and Depression on the Risk of Early-Onset Cardiovascular Disease in Young Adults: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the impact of smoking in young adults on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the clustering effect of behavioral risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and depression.

Methods: A Korean nationwide population-based cohort of a total of 3,280,826 participants aged 20-39 years old who underwent 2 consecutive health examinations were included. They were followed up until the date of CVD (myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke), or December 2018 (median, 6 years).