Chromosome-level Haploid Assembly of Cannabis sativa L. cv. Pink Pepper.

As molecular research on hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) continues to advance, there is a growing need for the accumulation of more diverse genome data and more accurate genome assemblies. In this study, we report the three-way assembly data of a cannabidiol (CBD)-rich cannabis variety, 'Pink Pepper' cultivar using sequencing technology: PacBio Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) technology, Illumina sequencing technology, and Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT).

Effect of Light Quality on Seed Potato ( L.) Tuberization When Aeroponically Grown in a Controlled Greenhouse.

A plant factory equipped with artificial lights is a comparatively new concept when growing seed potatoes ( L.) for minituber production. The shortage of disease-free potato seed tubers is a key challenge to producing quality potatoes.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Cannabichromene Isolated from Hemp.

Cannabichromene (CBC), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid found in , has recently been shown to possess several medicinal properties. However, how CBC produces anti-inflammatory effects and the mechanisms of this remain poorly studied. Therefore, we extracted and purified the CBC from the cv.

Anti-Obesity Effects of the Larval Powder of Steamed and Lyophilized Mature Silkworms in a Newly Designed Adult Mouse Model.

Recently, "mature" silkworms (MS) of have been considered a potential nutraceutical, with a number of health benefits reported for steamed and lyophilized MS powder (SMSP). However, no obesity-related effects have been reported for SMSP. In the present study, anti-obesity effects of SMSP were investigated in adult mice in vivo, aged 12 weeks at the onset of SMSP treatment, fed a normal diet (ND) and a high-fat diet (HFD), respectively, for 12 weeks.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cannabidiol Isolated from Novel Hemp ( L.) Cultivar Pink Pepper.

L. contains more than 80 cannabinoids, among which cannabidiol (CBD) is the main neuroactive component. We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of CBD in vitro and in vivo isolated from "Pink pepper", a novel hemp cultivar, by repeating the method of selecting and cultivating individuals with the highest CBD content.

Cellular Morphology and Transcriptome Comparative Analysis of Bunge Sprouts Cultured In Vitro under Different LED Light.

, the major components of which are saponins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides, has been established to have excellent pharmacological activity. After ginseng, it is the second most used medicinal plant. To examine the utility of as a sprout crop for plant factory cultivation, we sought to establish a functional substance control model by comparing the transcriptomes of sprouts grown in sterile, in vitro culture using LED light sources.

Prokinetic Activity of Mulberry Fruit, L.

The fruit of L. (MAF) has been consumed as a food worldwide. MAF has also been widely used in traditional medicine for thousands of years in East Asia, and its diverse bioactivities have been reported in numerous publications.

Hot-Melt Extrusion Enhances Antioxidant Effects of Mulberry on Probiotics and Pathogenic Microorganisms.

Mulberry is a rich source of anthocyanins (ACNs) known to possess biological activities. However, these ACNs are unstable in high pH, heat, and aqueous environments with a low bioavailability. In this study, a colloidal dispersion was prepared by hot melt extrusion with proper excipients.

Cannabinoid accumulation in hemp depends on ROS generation and interlinked with morpho-physiological acclimation and plasticity under indoor LED environment.

Manipulation of growth and development of cannabis ( L.) has received considerable interest by the scientific community due to its high value in medicinal and recreational use worldwide. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of LED spectral changes on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cannabinoid accumulation by provoking growth, pigmentation, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolites production of cannabis grown in an indoor environment.

An Enhanced Water Solubility and Stability of Anthocyanins in Mulberry Processed with Hot Melt Extrusion.

Mulberry fruits are rich sources of anthocyanins that exhibit beneficial biological activity. These anthocyanins become instable in an aqueous media, leading to their low bioavailability. In this study, a colloidal dispersion was produced by processing mulberry samples with hot-melt extrusion.

Cannabinoids Accumulation in Hemp ( L.) Plants under LED Light Spectra and Their Discrete Role as a Stress Marker.

Hemp adaptability through physiological and biochemical changes was studied under 10 LED light spectra and natural light in a controlled aeroponic system. Light treatments were imposed on 25 days aged seedlings for 16 h daily (300 µmol m s) for 20 days. Plant accumulated highest Cannabidiol (CBD) in R:B:G light treatment, with relatively higher photosynthetic rate and lower reactive oxygen species, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and antioxidant enzymatic activities.

Conversion Characteristics of Some Major Cannabinoids from Hemp ( L.) Raw Materials by New Rapid Simultaneous Analysis Method.

This study was carried out to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography method for short-time analysis of the main cannabinoids in the inflorescence of hemp ( L.). We also performed decarboxylation of the raw material using our advanced analysis technique.

Exogenous Putrescine Enhances Salt Tolerance and Ginsenosides Content in Korean Ginseng ( Meyer) Sprouts.

The effect of exogenously applied putrescine (Put) on salt stress tolerance was investigated in . Thirty-day-old ginseng sprouts were grown in salinized nutrient solution (150 mM NaCl) for five days, while the control sprouts were grown in nutrients solution. Putrescine (0.

Bio- Fortification of Nakai Nano-Powder Using Bio-Polymer by Hot Melt Extrusion to Enhance the Bioaccessibility and Functionality of Nutraceutical Compounds.

Nakai (AGN) is a popular traditional herbal medicine which has been used to alleviate various human diseases in Korea since ancient times. However, the low bioaccessibility of the nutraceutical compounds of AGN results in a poor water solubility, thereby limiting bioavailability. In this regard, a ternary AGN-biopolymer-plasticizer composite (AGNC) was developed to enhance the bioaccessibility of nutraceutical compounds from extrudate AGN formulations manufactured by hot melt extrusion (HME).

Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Accumulation of the Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Profile of Broomcorn Millet ( L.) Flour.

Broomcorn millet ( L.) is an important nutritious ancient minor-cereal food crop. However, this crop is little explored in the food processing arena to improve its functionality.

Characterization of New Polyphenolic Glycosidic Constituents and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity on a Macrophage Cell Line and Allelopathic Activities of .

Four new constituents, as 5, 7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavonol-3---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2''→1''')---d-arabinopyrnosyl-2'''--3'''', 7''''-dimethylnonan-1''''-oate (), 5-hydroxy-7, 4'-dimethoxyflavone-5---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2"→1''')---d-arabinopyranosyl-2'''--3'''', 7''''-dimethylnonan-1''''-oate (), 5-hydroxy-7, 4'-dimethoxyflavone-5---d-arabinofuranosyl-(2"→1''')---d-arabinopyranosyl-2'''--lanost-5-ene () and 4',4''-diferuloxy feruloyl---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2a→1b)---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2b→1c)---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2c→1d)---d-arabinopyranosyl-(2d→1e)---d-arabinopyranosyl-2e-3''', 7'''-dimethylnonan-1'''-oate (), along with three known compounds (⁻) were isolated from leaves and straw. The structures of new and known compounds were elucidated by 1D (¹H and C NMR) and 2D NMR spectral methods, : COSY, HMBC, and HSQC aided by mass techniques and IR spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of these constituents was assessed by using (RAW 264.

Structural characterization of an intestinal immune system-modulating arabino-3,6-galactan-like polysaccharide from the above-ground part of Astragalus membranaceus (Bunge).

Arabino-3,6-galactan (AMA-1-b-PS2), an intestinal immunomodulatory compound, was purified from the above-ground portion of Astragalus membranaceus (Bunge). Its structure was characterized using sequential enzymatic digestion with exo-α-L-arabinofuranosidase (AFase) and exo-β-D-(1 → 3)-galactanase (GNase), producing small amounts of intermediate-sized and shorter oligosaccharide (AF-PS2-G2 and AF-PS2-G3) fractions, and a large GNase-resistant fraction (AF-PS2-G1). Simultaneous AFase and GNase digestion of the enzyme-resistant fraction produced two long fragments (AF3-PS2-G1-1-1 and AF3-PS2-G1-1-2).

Fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus protects against alcohol-induced liver damage by modulating inflammatory mediators in mice and HepG2 cells.

Fucoidan is an l-fucose-enriched sulfated polysaccharide isolated from brown algae and marine invertebrates. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus on alcohol-induced murine liver damage. Liver injury was induced by oral administration of 25% alcohol with or without fucoidan (30 mg/kg or 60 mg/kg) for seven days.

Genotoxicity Study of Polysaccharide Fraction from Astragalus membranaceus's Aerial Parts.

Radix Astragali, the root of Astragalus (A.) membranaceus, has been applied in a variety of diseases for a long time in Asian countries such as Korea and China. In addition, the aerial parts such as leaves and stems of A.

Isoflavones profiling of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] germplasms and their correlations with metabolic pathways.

The isoflavone diversity (44 varieties) of the soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, from China, Japan, and Korea was examined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The profiles of 12 isoflavones identified from the grains were subjected to data-mining processes, including partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA).

Effects of β-glucans from Coriolus versicolor on macrophage phagocytosis are related to the Akt and CK2/Ikaros.

Coriolus versicolor has been known to be an immune stimulator effects. For further understanding of the phagocytic activity and the intracellular mechanisms of β-glucan from C. versicolor (CVG), we examined the phagocytic activity, phosphorylation of Akt and CK2, nucleus translocation of p65 and Ikaros activity in β-glucan-treated macrophages using RT-PCR, western blotting, and IP assay.

Antisense-overexpression of the MsCOMT gene induces changes in lignin and total phenol contents in transgenic tobacco plants.

Initially, we isolated the caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene from Miscanthus sinensis (accession number HM062766.1). Next, we produced transgenic tobacco plants with down-regulated COMT gene expression to study its control of total phenol and lignin content and to perform morphological analysis.

Ultrafine Angelica gigas powder normalizes ovarian hormone levels and has antiosteoporosis properties in ovariectomized rats: particle size effect.

The root of Angelica gigas (Korean angelica) is traditionally used to treat women's ailments that are caused by an impairment of menstrual blood flow and cycle irregularities. This study evaluated the effect particle size of Korean angelica powder on its efficacy for treating estrogen-related symptoms of menopause. Initially, Korean angelica roots were pulverized into ultrafine powder, and orally administered to the rats at a concentration of 500 mg/kg body weight for 8 weeks.

Immunotoxicity activity from various organic solvents extract of Allium genus from South Korea against Aedes aegypti L.

Species of the Allium genus, used in functional foods for the treatment of improving gastritis and heart failures, were collected and petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained by sonication. The Allium thumbergii chloroform extracts have a significant toxic effect against early fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti L. with an LC(50) value of 2.

Production of lactosucrose from sucrose and lactose by a levansucrase from Zymomonas mobilis.

Lactosucrose (4(G)-beta-D-galactosylsucrose) is an oligosaccharide consisting of galactose, glucose, and fructose. In this study, we prepared lactosucrose from lactose and sucrose using a levansucrase derived from Zymomonas mobilis. Optimum conditions for lactosucrose formation were 23 degrees C, pH 7.