MSA-MaxNet: Multi-Scale Attention Enhanced Multi-Axis Vision Transformer Network for Medical Image Segmentation.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are well established in handling local features in visual tasks; yet, they falter in managing complex spatial relationships and long-range dependencies that are crucial for medical image segmentation, particularly in identifying pathological changes. While vision transformer (ViT) excels in addressing long-range dependencies, their ability to leverage local features remains inadequate. Recent ViT variants have merged CNNs to improve feature representation and segmentation outcomes, yet challenges with limited receptive fields and precise feature representation persist.

Impact of solid fuel use on asthma prognosis and consistent peak expiratory flow changes: Evidence from China.

Background: Exposure to solid fuels might result in substantial indoor air contamination that can detrimentally affect respiratory wellness. Yet the connection between use of such fuels and the incidence as well as the progression of asthma needs further clarification. This investigation endeavors to conduct an integrative cross-sectional and longitudinal study to examined the link between solid fuel utilization and asthma.

MTHFD1 Regulates Autophagy to Promote Growth and Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer via the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Objectives: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1) is the enzyme with the activities of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase, and formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase. Our aim was to elucidate the function of MTHFD1 in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: In vitro assessments of the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of CRC cells were conducted using Immunohistochemistry, Transwell invasion assays, Western blot (WB), and Cell counting Kit-8 assays.

Efficacy and safety of anti-reflux surgery in gastroesophageal-related cough: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent condition that manifests a spectrum of symptoms, including gastroesophageal-related cough (GERC). Anti-reflux procedures have been employed to alleviate these symptoms, yet their efficacy varies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the improvement in gastroesophageal-related cough and other reflux symptoms following anti-reflux procedures.

Insight into the mechanism of solution organic fractions on soot oxidation activity enhancement.

The particulate matter and soluble organic fraction emitted by diesel engine are hazardous to environment and human health. Exploring the effect mechanism of soluble organic fraction on soot oxidation is beneficial for reducing the emissions. In this study, the effects of four different types of soluble organic fractions on the soot oxidation activity and physicochemical properties are investigated.

In-situ construction of integrated asymmetric micro-supercapacitors achieving monolithic hundred-volt output.

Asymmetric micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) exhibit higher energy density while face significant challenges in power density as well as cycling life and large dimensions. The key factors contributing to these dilemmas include the match of electrode materials and electrolytes, poor uniformity of device, and complicated while low-precise fabrication processes. Herein we develop a laser scribing-engraving (LSE) strategy to fabricate MSCs with monolithic high-voltage output and scalable array integration.

axis regulates lineage commitment during endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition from human pluripotent stem cells.

PU.1 () is pivotal in hematopoiesis, yet its role in human endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) remains unclear. Comparing human and EHT transcriptomes revealed 's regulatory role.

Diagnostic value of D-dimer to fibrinogen ratio for pulmonary embolism in postpartum women.

Background: Pulmonary embolism is a common disease associated with high mortality and morbidity. Diagnosing pulmonary embolism is challenging due to diverse clinical presentations and the lack of specific biomarkers. The study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value on pulmonary embolism for postpartum women by D-dimer to fibrinogen ratio, and it combined with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio or platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.

antibiotic resistance profile in Chinese children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and a literature review for developing personalized eradicating strategies.

() infections typically occur in early childhood. Although the prevalence of in children is lower than that in adults, the eradication rate of this infection in children is relatively low because of resistance. In this study, we analyzed personalized treatment strategies to achieve treatment goals based on resistance characteristics.

XCR1: A promising prognostic marker that pinpoints targeted and immune-based therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: The lymphotactin receptor X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (XCR1) is an essential member of the chemokine receptor family and is related to tumor development and progression. Nevertheless, further investigation is required to explore its expression patterns, prognostic values, and functions related to target or immune therapies in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: The differential expression patterns of and its prognostic influences were performed through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases.

PDP1 promotes KRAS mutant colorectal cancer progression by serving as a scaffold for BRAF and MEK1.

The oncogenic role of KRAS in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression is well-established. Despite this, identifying effective therapeutic targets for KRAS-mutated CRC remains a significant challenge. This study identifies pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (PDP1) as a previously unrecognized yet crucial regulator in the progression of KRAS mutant CRC.

OGA mutant aberrantly hydrolyzes O-GlcNAc modification from PDLIM7 to modulate p53 and cytoskeleton in promoting cancer cell malignancy.

O-GlcNAcase (OGA) is the only human enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis (deglycosylation) of O-linked beta--acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) from numerous protein substrates. OGA has broad implications in many challenging diseases including cancer. However, its role in cell malignancy remains mostly unclear.

Cytochemical localization and synthesis mechanism of the glucomannan in pseudobulbs of Reichb. f.

The dried pseudobulbs of , an important traditional Chinese medicine named , have an extraordinary polysaccharide content and excellent prospects for medicinal effects. However, the distribution and molecular mechanism underlying biosynthesis are poorly understood. In this study, chemical and immunologic analyses were performed in representative tissues of , and the results showed that what are conventionally termed polysaccharides (BSPs) are water-soluble polysaccharides deposited only in pseudobulbs.

Ru-Doped NiFe-MIL-53 with Facilitated Reconstruction and Active Hydrogen Supplement for Enhanced Nitrate Reduction.

The Electrochemical reduction of nitrate to ammonia (NH) is a process of great significance to energy utilization and environmental protection. However, it suffers from sluggish multielectron/proton-involved steps involving coupling reactions between different reaction intermediates and active hydrogen species (H) produced by water decomposition. In this study, a Ru-doped NiFe-MIL-53 (NiFeRu-MIL-53) supported on Ni foam (NF) has been designed for the nitrate reduction reaction (NORR).

Observation of Chiral Channels in Helical Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Unraveling the mechanism of chirality transfer across length scales is crucial to the rational development of functional materials with hierarchical chirality. The key obstacle is the lack of structural information, especially at the mesoscopic level. We report herein the structural identification of helical covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with hierarchical chirality, which integrate molecular chirality, channel chirality, and morphology chirality into one crystalline entity.

High-performance pyrite nano-catalyst driven photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy for Osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor with strong invasiveness, rapid metastasis, and dreadful mortality. Chemotherapy is a commonly used approach for OS treatment but is limited by the development of drug resistance and long-term adverse effects. To date, OS still lacks the curative treatment.

A gut-derived hormone regulates cholesterol metabolism.

The reciprocal coordination between cholesterol absorption in the intestine and de novo cholesterol synthesis in the liver is essential for maintaining cholesterol homeostasis, yet the mechanisms governing the opposing regulation of these processes remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a hormone, Cholesin, which is capable of inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver, leading to a reduction in circulating cholesterol levels. Cholesin is encoded by a gene with a previously unknown function (C7orf50 in humans; 3110082I17Rik in mice).

Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Apoptotic Resistance and Proinflammatory Phenotype of CD4 Tissue-resident Memory T cells in Crohn's Disease.

Background & Aims: As the most abundant memory T cells and major source of tumor necrosis factor α in the intestinal mucosa of Crohn's disease (CD) patients, CD4 tissue-resident memory T (T) cells play a critical role in CD pathogenesis. We investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of proinflammatory and apoptosis-resistant phenotype for CD4 T cells.

Methods: CD4 T cells were collected from intestinal resection tissues from control and CD patients.

NEAT1 repression by MED12 creates chemosensitivity in p53 wild-type breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is often treated with chemotherapy. However, the development of chemoresistance results in treatment failure. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) has been shown to contribute to chemoresistance in breast cancer cells.

Real-world effectiveness and predictors of super-responders to dupilumab in a Chinese uncontrolled asthma cohort.

Dupilumab has been shown to be effective in clinical trials for moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma. However, the efficacy of dupilumab in the real world and the prediction of treatment response have not been well studied in patients with asthma. To investigate the efficacy of dupilumab and explore predictors of super-responders in a Chinese retrospective cohort.