Utilization of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for a Patient with Ambulatory Dysfunction Post-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Case Report.

Background: Severe COVID-19 can lead to a decline in pulmonary and physical functions simultaneously. Patients experiencing significant ambulatory dysfunction often face restrictions in participating in gait training, resulting in insufficient benefits from cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. This underscores the need for tailored rehabilitation approaches that address their specific conditions.

Effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training on gait ability, muscle strength, and balance in patients with spinal cord injury.

Background: There is no randomized controlled study about the effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Objective: To examine the effects of end-effector RAGT on gait and balance abilities in SCI.

Methods: Thirty-one patients were randomly assigned to the RAGT (Morning Walk®, Curexo, Seoul, South Korea) or conventional therapy (CT) group.

Inverse Propensity Score-Weighted Analysis of Entecavir and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B: A Large-Scale Multicenter Study.

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is reportedly superior or at least comparable to entecavir (ETV) in preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients; however, it remains controversial. This study aimed to conduct comprehensive comparisons between the two antivirals. CHB patients initially treated with ETV or TDF between 2012 and 2015 at 20 referral centers in Korea were included.

Effect of robot-assisted stair climbing training as part of a rehabilitation program to improve pulmonary function, gait performance, balance, and exercise capacity in a patient after severe coronavirus disease 2019: a case report.

Background: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may decrease respiratory and physical functions.

Objective: To evaluate whether robot-assisted stair climbing training (RASCT) would improve pulmonary and physical functions in a patient post-severe COVID-19 infection.

Case Description: A 48-year-old woman who had experienced severe COVID-19 underwent a 6-week inpatient rehabilitation.

Non-Inferior Efficacy of Tenofovir Disoproxil to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Virologically Suppressed Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.

Purpose: Tenofovir disoproxil (TD), modified from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), was developed as a salt-free formulation, removing fumarate to improve the ease of oral intake by reducing the tablet's size. We evaluated the maintenance of antiviral effects and overall safety profile of TD 245 mg after switching from TDF 300 mg in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Patients And Methods: CHB patients with HBV-DNA <69 IU/mL after ≥24 weeks of TDF therapy were enrolled.

A Multi-Center, Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Phase III Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Antiviral Activity and Safety of DA-2802 (Tenofovir Disoproxil Orotate) and Viread (Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate) in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients.

Background: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF, Viread) had been used as a standard treatment option of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DA-2802 (tenofovir disoproxil orotate) compared to TDF.

Methods: The present study was a double blind randomized controlled trial.

Effects on the Motor Function, Proprioception, Balance, and Gait Ability of the End-Effector Robot-Assisted Gait Training for Spinal Cord Injury Patients.

The primary aim of this study was to reveal the effects of end-effector robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on motor function, proprioception, balance, and gait ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). The secondary aim was to determine the correlation between clinical outcomes. This study was a prospective and multi-center study.

Effects of Branched-Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) Supplementation on the Progression of Advanced Liver Disease: A Korean Nationwide, Multicenter, Prospective, Observational, Cohort Study.

Background And Aims: Clinical evidence for the benefits of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) is lacking in advanced liver disease. We evaluated the potential benefits of long-term oral BCAA supplementation in patients with advanced liver disease.

Methods: Liver cirrhosis patients with Child-Pugh (CP) scores from 8 to 10 were prospectively recruited from 13 medical centers.

Prevalence, Awareness, and Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in South Korea: Evidence from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background/aims: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the Korean general population and the awareness and treatment status of HCV infection among anti-HCV-positive persons.

Methods: We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES) collected between 2012 and 2016. All the participants aged ≥10 years in the KNHNES were tested for the anti-HCV antibody.

Feasibility of Robot-Assisted Gait Training with an End-Effector Type Device for Various Neurologic Disorders.

Unlabelled: Robots are being used to assist the recovery of walking ability for patients with neurologic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and functional improvement of training with robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) using the Morning Walk, an end-effector type robot using footplates and saddle seat support. A total of 189 individuals (65.

Concomitant food intake does not affect the efficacy of entecavir in chronic hepatitis B patients with virological response: a randomized, multicenter, noninferiority trial.

Background: Little clinical data are available about the effect of food on the antiviral efficacy of entecavir for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The present study evaluated whether entecavir administration in the fed state had comparable efficacy to the fasted condition for maintenance of viral suppression in HBV-infected patients with virological response on entecavir therapy.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, open-label, noninferiority study, patients who were currently receiving entecavir and showed a serum HBV DNA level of <20 IU/mL were randomized to take entecavir either under the fasted or fed condition for 48 weeks.

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration with liquid-based cytology preparation in the diagnosis of metastatic small-cell carcinoma in the pancreas.

Pancreatic metastasis is extremely rare, particularly from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Studies on the role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) with liquid-based cytology (LBC) in the diagnosis of metastatic small-cell carcinoma in the pancreas have been rarely conducted. We report herein a case of pancreatic metastasis from SCLC diagnosed using EUS-FNA with LBC (ThinPrep).

Type 2 Autoimmune Pancreatitis with Crohn's Disease.

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a distinct subtype of pancreatitis, which is classified into type 1 and 2 based on the clinicopathological features. According to the international consensus diagnostic criteria, pancreas resection or core biopsy specimens are recommended to make an accurate histological evaluation. However, the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) for histological evaluation has also been reported.

Phase III HEAT Study Adding Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin to Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Lesions.

Lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin (LTLD) consists of doxorubicin contained within a heat-sensitive liposome. When heated to ≥40°C, LTLD locally releases a high concentration of doxorubicin. We aimed to determine whether adding LTLD improves the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions with a maximum diameter () of 3 to 7 cm.

Acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer syndrome: Comparison with non-hemorrhagic rectal ulcer lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics of acute hemorrhagic rectal ulcer (AHRU) and to elucidate its predictive factors.

Methods: The medical records of patients with AHRU were retrospectively reviewed. Their baseline clinical characteristics were compared with those of patients with non-AHRU lower gastrointestinal bleeding to identify predictive factors for AHRU.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma mimicking pancreatic cancer: A case report and literature review.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma may account for more than 80% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Occasionally, other rare tumors such as lymphoma, metastatic tumor, and solid pseudopapillary neoplasm can be considered in the differential diagnosis. We report the case of an 82-year-old man with a pancreatic solid mass.

Effects of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) on the progression of advanced liver disease: A Korean nationwide, multicenter, retrospective, observational, cohort study.

Evidence of the potential benefits of long-term oral branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation in reducing the severity of liver disease is limited.Patients who were diagnosed with liver cirrhosis with a Child-Pugh (CP) score of 8-10 were included. The BCAA group consumed BCAAs daily for at least 6 months, and the control group consumed a diet without BCAA.

The Usefulness of Argon Plasma Coagulation Compared with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection to Treat Gastric Adenoma.

Background/aims: To date, the best therapeutic modality for gastric adenoma, especially low-grade adenoma, has not been established. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in treating gastric adenoma compared with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: We included 210 patients with gastric adenoma, who underwent treatment with either APC (97 patients) or ESD (113 patients).

Obstructive ileus caused by phlebosclerotic colitis.

A 57-year-old man with chronic kidney disease and a history of using numerous herbal medications visited Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital for abdominal pain and vomiting. An abdominal radiograph showed diffuse small bowel distension containing multiple air-fluid levels and extensive calcifications along the colon. Computed tomography showed colon wall thickening with diffuse calcification along the colonic mesenteric vein and colonic wall.

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome of Peginterferon Plus Ribavirin in Patients Infected with Genotype 6 Hepatitis C Virus in Korea: A Multicenter Study.

Background/aims: Because of the limited geographic distribution, there have been insufficient data regarding hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 6 in Korea. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and available treatment outcomes of patients with genotype 6 HCV in Korea.

Methods: From 2004 to 2014, data were collected from Korean patients infected with genotype 6 HCV in eight hospitals.

Acute pancreatitis associated with pegylated interferon-alpha-2a therapy in chronic hepatitis C.

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Combination therapy of pegylated interferon-alpha (PEG-IFN-α) and ribavirin (RBV) is a current standard treatment for chronic HCV infection in Korea, which has considerable adverse effects. Acute pancreatitis is a rare complication of PEG-IFN-α administration.

Combination transarterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation therapy for early hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background/aims: We compared the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the survival of patients who received radiofrequency ablation (RFA) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with patients treated with TACE or RFA alone.

Methods: This study included 201 patients with HCC, who were consecutively enrolled at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between December 2004 and February 2010.

Feasibility of α-fetoprotein as a diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea.

Background/aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of α-fetoprotein (AFP) as a diagnostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Korean patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HCC and cirrhosis patients at three hospitals. For each HCC patient, a cirrhosis patient matched for age, sex, etiology, and Child-Pugh classification was selected by simple random sampling.

Clinical Factors and Viral Load Influencing Severity of Acute Hepatitis A.

Background And Aims: Clinical manifestations of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection vary from mild to fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in adults. We investigated the relationship between laboratory findings, including viral load, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute hepatitis A (AHA) and evaluated predictive factors for severe acute hepatitis (s-AH).

Methods: We analyzed the clinical manifestations of AHA in 770 patients.