Qualitative exploration of melanoma awareness in black people in the USA.

Objective: Although black patients are more likely to have advanced melanomas at diagnosis, with a 5-year survival rate among black patients of 70% compared with 92% for white patients, black people are generally not the focus of melanoma public health campaigns. We sought to explore awareness and perspectives of melanoma among black people to inform the development of relevant and valued public health messages to promote early detection of melanoma.

Design: Inductive thematic analysis of in-depth semistructured interviews.

Sun exposure and protection practices among Florida college marching band members and alumni: a cross-sectional study.

In the USA, skin cancer is the most common cancer, more than all other cancers combined. Skin cancer may be prevented by using sun protection. This is particularly important in 18-29-year-olds who, compared to older individuals, experience sunburns more frequently.

Melanoma detection by skin self-examination targeting at-risk women: A randomized controlled trial with telemedicine support for concerning moles.

Secondary melanoma prevention remains crucial to reduce morbidity and mortality for the 200,000 people in the United States estimated to develop melanoma in 2021. This 3-month randomized controlled trial of online skin self-examination (SSE) education among 1000 at-risk women who received care at Northwestern Medicine in Illinois sought to determine SSE initiation and monthly performance, SSE anxiety and confidence, and health care practitioner (HCP) visits for concerning moles. Positive responses to a personal history of sunburn, a personal or family history of skin cancer, and/or having 10 or more lifetime indoor tanning sessions identified and informed women of their increased risk of melanoma.

Real-Time UV Measurement With a Sun Protection System for Warning Young Adults About Sunburn: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Melanoma is attributable to predisposing phenotypical factors, such as skin that easily sunburns and unprotected exposure to carcinogenic UV radiation. Reducing the proportion of young adults who get sunburned may reduce the incidence of melanoma, a deadly form of skin cancer. Advances in technology have enabled the delivery of real-time UV light exposure and content-relevant health interventions.

Sun exposure reduction by melanoma survivors with wearable sensor providing real-time UV exposure and daily text messages with structured goal setting.

Despite knowledge of subsequent melanoma risk and the benefit of sun protection in risk reduction, melanoma survivors often do not engage in adequate sun protection and continue to sunburn at rates similar to individuals without a history of skin cancer. This novel intensive intervention provided a wearable UV sensor delivering real-time UV exposure with a smartphone and daily text messages. On days 1-10 (period 1), behavioral facilitation and outcome expectancies messages were provided.

Remote skin self-examination training of melanoma survivors and their skin check partners: A randomized trial and comparison with in-person training.

Background: Compared with other cancers, melanoma has the longest delays measured as the median time to patient presentation for care from symptom onset. Time to presentation for care is a key determinant of outcomes, including disease stage, prognosis, and treatment.

Methods: Melanoma survivors with localized disease and their skin check partners enrolled in two sequential randomized control trials of skin self-examination (SSE) training.

Incorporation of dermoscopy improves inter-observer agreement among dermatopathologists in histologic assessment of melanocytic neoplasms.

Histopathologic assessment of melanocytic neoplasms is the current gold standard of diagnosis. However, there are well recognized limitations including inter-observer diagnostic discordance. This study aimed to determine if integrating dermoscopy with histopathology of melanocytic neoplasms impacts diagnosis and improves inter-observer agreement.

Targeted Melanoma Screening: Risk Self-Assessment and Skin Self-Examination Education Delivered During Mammography of Women.

Background: Melanoma, which is the sixth most common cancer in women, is visible on the surface of the skin; therefore, self-screening (skin self-examination [SSE]) may be beneficial.

Methods: A convenience sample of women undergoing mammography was sequentially assigned by week into this two-arm targeted melanoma screening intervention. Both groups saw an informational poster and received a brochure promoting risk self-identification and SSE education.

Protection-adjusted UV dose estimated for body areas: Daily self-reported sun protection modification of wearable UV sensor dose.

Background: During the last 20 years, 50% of adults with sun-sensitive skin have sunburned annually. Reducing the proportion of people who sunburn requires understanding the circumstances and outdoor activities during which at-risk people sunburn.

Methods: A 7-day observational study of melanoma survivors (n = 20) and young adult first-degree relatives of melanoma survivors (FDRs) (n = 20) captured daily UV exposure, sun protection, and sunburns during spring and summer in the Midwest of the United States (latitude 41.

Melanoma Skin Self-Examination Education During Mammography: Health Burden of Women Impairs Implementation.

Identification of barriers to seeking health care for a concerning mole found during skin self-examination (SSE) by women educated during screening mammography. In this sequential mixed methods research, interviews with women who found a concerning mole and did not have health-care follow-up were analyzed and a survey was created. One year after SSE education, barriers to having health care for a self-identified concerning mole were assessed.

Toward a precision behavioral medicine approach to addressing high-risk sun exposure: a qualitative analysis.

Objectives: Precision behavioral medicine techniques integrating wearable ultraviolet radiation (UVR) sensors may help individuals avoid sun exposure that places them at-risk for skin cancer. As a preliminary step in our patient-centered process of developing a just-in-time adaptive intervention, this study evaluated reactions and preferences to UVR sensors among melanoma survivors.

Materials And Methods: Early stage adult melanoma survivors were recruited for a focus group (=11) or 10-day observational study, which included daily wearing a UVR sensor and sun exposure surveys (=39).

Assessing recall of personal sun exposure by integrating UV dosimeter and self-reported data with a network flow framework.

Background: Melanoma survivors often do not engage in adequate sun protection, leading to sunburn and increasing their risk of future melanomas. Melanoma survivors do not accurately recall the extent of sun exposure they have received, thus, they may be unaware of their personal UV exposure, and this lack of awareness may contribute towards failure to change behavior. As a means of determining behavioral accuracy of recall of sun exposure, this study compared subjective self-reports of time outdoors to an objective wearable sensor.

Physicians' perspectives on medication adherence and health promotion among cancer survivors.

Background: Cancer survivors face an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared with the general population. Adopting a healthy lifestyle may reduce these risks, and guidelines encourage health-promotion counseling for cancer survivors, but the extent of physician adherence is unclear.

Methods: This mixed-method study surveyed 91 physicians, including 30 primary care physicians (PCPs), 30 oncologists, and 31 specialists (urologists, dermatologists, and gynecologists).

Toward a health-promoting system for cancer survivors: Patient and provider multiple behavior change.

Objective: This paper examines how and why to improve care systems for disease management and health promotion for the growing population of cancer survivors with cardiovascular multi-morbidities.

Method: We reviewed research characterizing cancer survivors' and their multiple providers' common sense cognitive models of survivors' main health threats, preventable causes of adverse health events, and optimal coping strategies.

Results: Findings indicate that no entity in the health care system self-identifies as claiming primary responsibility to address longstanding unhealthy lifestyle behaviors that heighten survivors' susceptibility to both cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and whose improvement could enhance quality of life.

A Cross-cultural exploration on the psychological aspects of skin color aesthetics: implications for sun-related behavior.

Sociocultural values toward skin color manifest in daily behaviors, such as sun-seeking behaviors in Euro-American culture and sun-protective behaviors in Chinese culture. However, little research has investigated how attitudes toward skin color affect sun-related behaviors in the face of conflicting cultural values. This study explores how sociocultural contexts shape attitudes toward skin color and sun-related behaviors in three groups of genetically Chinese women, located on a spectrum from predominantly Chinese culture to predominantly Euro-American culture.

Muir-Torre syndrome appropriate use criteria: Effect of patient age on appropriate use scores.

Background: Muir-Torre syndrome (MTS) is a rare inherited syndrome, with an increased risk of sebaceous and visceral malignancy. Prior reports suggest screening for mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency may be warranted in patients <50 years and when sebaceous neoplasms are located on a non-head and neck location. Previously, appropriate use criteria (AUC) were developed for clinical scenarios in patients >60 years concerning the use of MMR protein immunohistochemistry (MMRP-IHC).

Patients believe that cosmetic procedures affect their quality of life: An interview study of patient-reported motivations.

Background: Although treatments to address cosmetic concerns are common, patients' self-reported motives for considering such procedures have not been systematically explored.

Objective: To develop a framework of categories to describe patients' self-reported motivations for undergoing minimally invasive cosmetic procedures.

Methods: Face-to-face, semistructured patient interviews were conducted with adult participants who had undergone or were considering minimally invasive cosmetic dermatologic procedures.

Wireless, battery-free, flexible, miniaturized dosimeters monitor exposure to solar radiation and to light for phototherapy.

Exposure to electromagnetic radiation can have a profound impact on human health. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun causes skin cancer. Blue light affects the body's circadian melatonin rhythm.

Chemoprevention agents for melanoma: A path forward into phase 3 clinical trials.

Recent progress in the treatment of advanced melanoma has led to unprecedented improvements in overall survival and, as these new melanoma treatments have been developed and deployed in the clinic, much has been learned about the natural history of the disease. Now is the time to apply that knowledge toward the design and clinical evaluation of new chemoprevention agents. Melanoma chemoprevention has the potential to reduce dramatically both the morbidity and the high costs associated with treating patients who have metastatic disease.

The easy-to-hard training advantage with real-world medical images.

Many medical professions require practitioners to perform visual categorizations in domains such as radiology, dermatology, and neurology. However, acquiring visual expertise is tedious and time-consuming and the perceptual strategies mediating visual categorization skills are poorly understood. In this paper, the Ease algorithm was developed to predict an item's categorization difficulty (Ease value) based on the item's perceptual similarity to all within-category items versus between-category items in the dataset.

Daily Minutes of Unprotected Sun Exposure (MUSE) Inventory: Measure description and comparisons to UVR sensor and sun protection survey data.

One in five US adults will be diagnosed with skin cancer. As most skin cancers are attributable to sun exposure, this risk factor is an important target for research and intervention. Most sun exposure measures assess frequency of specific sun-protection behaviors, which does not account for the use of multiple, potentially overlapping sun-protection methods.