Inhibitory effects of AptaminC320 targeting vitamin C on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells.

Inflammation, a vital immune response, is regulated by macrophages. Key regulators of this response in macrophages are the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. This study explored the anti-inflammatory effects of vitamin C and AptaminC320 in macrophages.

Frequent neighborhood participation reduces the probability of loneliness among older adults: A longitudinal study from Singapore.

Objectives: Loneliness at older ages is a significant public health concern, and promoting participation in neighborhood events and activities may be a possible avenue for alleviating loneliness among older adults. However, there remains a scarcity of empirical research in this field. Addressing this knowledge gap, our study examined the association between frequency of neighborhood participation by older adults and their subsequent feelings of loneliness two years later, in a nationally representative longitudinal cohort of community-dwelling Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 60 years and older.

Indications for Surgery and Surgical Options in Chiari Malformation: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Study Design: A systematic literature review and consensus using Delphi method.

Objectives: This review aims to create recommendations on the surgical indications and approaches to treat Chiari Malformation (CM) with or without syringomyelia.

Summary Of Background Data: Despite the growing body of knowledge on CM, there are diverse and sometimes contradicting perspective about surgical indications and procedures in both pediatric and adult populations.

Pediatric Chiari Malformation Management: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Study Design: A systematic literature review and consensus using Delphi method.

Objective: This review aims to provide an overview on Chiari malformation in pediatric patients, highlighting the specific clinical manifestations and surgical treatment options.

Summary Of Background: Chiari malformation in children presents a real difficulty to the general neurosurgeon because children are not smaller adults.

Syndromic Atlanto-axial Instability: WFNS Consensus on Screening and Surveillance, Sports Clearance and Treatment Options.

Study Design: Systematic review plus expert opinion framed on Delphi Method.

Objective: Define criteria to on (i) how to screen for instability of cranio-vertebral CVJ in a high-risk population, especially in Down or Morquio syndrome, (ii) if or when which surgical procedure is indicated and (iii) whether syndromic patients can safely participate in sports activities.

Summary Background Data: Syndromic abnormalities of CVJ may lead to potentially devastating neurological deficits.

Insights into the specific capacitance of CNT-based supercapacitor electrodes using artificial intelligence.

In this study, the specific capacitance characteristics of a carbon nanotube (CNT) supercapacitor was predicted using different machine learning algorithms, such as artificial neural network (ANN), random forest regression (RFR), -nearest neighbors regression (KNN), and decision tree regression (DTR), based on experimental studies. The results of the simulation verified the accuracy of the ANN algorithm with respect to the data derived from the specific capacitance of the supercapacitor module. It was observed that there was a strong correlation between the experimental results and the predictions made by the ANN algorithm.

Diagnosis, Classifications and Treatment of Os Odontoideum: WFNS Spine Committee Recommendations.

Study Design: A systematic literature review and consensus using Delphi method.

Objective: The aim was to formulate consensus recommendations regarding the natural history, diagnosis, classification and optimal treatment of Os Odontoideum with global applicability.

Summary Of Background: Os odontoideum (OO) is a rare anomaly of the cranio-vertebral junction (CVJ).

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Aptamin C in Pulmonary Fibrosis Induced by Bleomycin.

: Vitamin C is a well-known antioxidant with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic applications are limited by rapid oxidation due to heat and light sensitivity. Aptamin C, which employs aptamers to bind vitamin C, has demonstrated enhanced stability and efficacy.

Energy-Efficient Integrated Electro-Optic Memristors.

Neuromorphic photonic processors are redefining the boundaries of classical computing by enabling high-speed multidimensional information processing within the memory. Memristors, the backbone of neuromorphic processors, retain their state after programming without static power consumption. Among them, electro-optic memristors are of great interest, as they enable dual electrical-optical functionality that bridges the efficiency of electronics and the bandwidth of photonics.

Spatio-spectral control of coherent nanophotonics.

Fast modulation of optical signals that carry multidimensional information in the form of wavelength, phase or polarization has fueled an explosion of interest in integrated photonics. This interest however masks a significant challenge which is that independent modulation of multi-wavelength carrier signals in a single waveguide is not trivial. Such challenge is attributed to the longitudinal direction of guided-mode propagation, limiting the spatial separation and modulation of electric-field.

Integration of MALDI glycotyping and NMR analysis to uncover an O-antigen substructure from pathogenic Escherichia coli O111.

Escherichia coli O111 is a critical pathogenic E. coli serotype that causes severe, potentially fatal complications. Despite its reported variation, only one structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide from E.

Utilization of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Pulmonary Rehabilitation for a Patient with Ambulatory Dysfunction Post-Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Case Report.

Background: Severe COVID-19 can lead to a decline in pulmonary and physical functions simultaneously. Patients experiencing significant ambulatory dysfunction often face restrictions in participating in gait training, resulting in insufficient benefits from cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. This underscores the need for tailored rehabilitation approaches that address their specific conditions.

Impact of Postoperative Prolonged Air Leakage on Long-Term Pulmonary Function after Lobectomy for Lung Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term impact of postoperative prolonged air leak (PAL) on pulmonary function.

Methods: We enrolled 1,316 patients with pathologic stage I-III lung cancer who underwent lobectomy. The cohort was divided into 2 groups: those who experienced PAL (n=55) and those who did not (n=1,261).

Partial coherence enhances parallelized photonic computing.

Advancements in optical coherence control have unlocked many cutting-edge applications, including long-haul communication, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and optical coherence tomography. Prevailing wisdom suggests that using more coherent light sources leads to enhanced system performance and device functionalities. Our study introduces a photonic convolutional processing system that takes advantage of partially coherent light to boost computing parallelism without substantially sacrificing accuracy, potentially enabling larger-size photonic tensor cores.

Aptamin C enhances anti-cancer activity NK cells through the activation of STAT3: a comparative study with vitamin C.

Vitamin C is a well-known antioxidant with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties based on its antioxidative function. Aptamin C, a complex of vitamin C with its specific aptamer, has been reported to maintain or even enhance the efficacy of vitamin C while increasing its stability. To investigate distribution of Aptamin C, Gulo knockout mice, which, like humans, cannot biosynthesize vitamin C, were administered Aptamin C orally for 2 and 4 weeks.

Successful open surgical treatment for persistent type II endoleak following thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a case report.

Background: The occurrence of type II endoleaks after endovascular repair of aortic aneurysm has gradually gained increasing attention. We present a case of a patient with an expanding aneurysm after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for a type II endoleak, in which successful direct ligations of the intercostal artery were performed using a sac incision without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) or graft replacement.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old male patient, previously treated with TEVAR for a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm, presented with ongoing chest discomfort.

Stress and Loneliness Among Family Caregivers of Older Persons With Cognitive Impairment: The Mediating Role of Social Isolation and the Moderating Role of Personal Mastery.

Objectives: Relatively little attention has been paid to the underlying processes and conditions leading to loneliness among caregivers of older persons with cognitive impairment (PCI). Drawing upon the caregiver stress-process model and the social relationship expectations framework, this study examined the mediating role of social isolation and the moderating role of caregiver personal mastery in the association between PCI memory and behavioral problems and caregiver loneliness.

Methods: Structural equation modeling was applied to cross-sectional data from 266 caregivers in Singapore.

Enhanced solar-driven photoelectrochemical water splitting using nanoflower Au/CuO/GaN hybrid photoanodes.

Harnessing solar energy for large-scale hydrogen fuel (H) production shows promise in addressing the energy crisis and ecological degradation. This study focuses on the development of GaN-based photoelectrodes for efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, enabling environmentally friendly H production. Herein, a novel nanoflower Au/CuO/GaN hybrid structure was successfully synthesized using a combination of methods including successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR), RF/DC sputtering, and metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) techniques.

Loss of LPAR6 and CAB39L dysregulates the basal-to-luminal urothelial differentiation program, contributing to bladder carcinogenesis.

We describe a strategy that combines histologic and molecular mapping that permits interrogation of the chronology of changes associated with cancer development on a whole-organ scale. Using this approach, we present the sequence of alterations around RB1 in the development of bladder cancer. We show that RB1 is not involved in initial expansion of the preneoplastic clone.

Inferring Bladder Cancer Evolution from Mucosal field Effects by Whole-Organ Spatial Mutational, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Mapping.

Multi-platform mutational, proteomic, and metabolomic spatial mapping was used on the whole-organ scale to identify the molecular evolution of bladder cancer from mucosal field effects. We identified complex proteomic and metabolomic dysregulations in microscopically normal areas of bladder mucosa adjacent to dysplasia and carcinoma . The mutational landscape developed in a background of complex defects of protein homeostasis which included dysregulated nucleocytoplasmic transport, splicesome, ribosome biogenesis, and peroxisome.