Mixtures of EGCG, bamboo leaf flavonoids, and broccoli seed water extracts exhibit anti-glycation and skin-protective effects.

Background: Skin aging is a multifaceted process. Glycation significantly contributes to skin aging and the development of complications. Researchers are currently investigating various substances, particularly those from natural sources, to combat skin glycation.

Radical Molecular Network-Buffer Minimizes Photovoltage Loss in FAPbI₃ Perovskite Solar Cells.

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI₃) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold immense potential for high-efficiency photovoltaics, but maximizing their open-circuit voltage (V) remains challenging. Targeting the inherently stable {111}-dominant facets is a promising approach for enhancing stability, but their formation typically suffers from high defect densities and disordered growth. This study introduces a novel approach using an in situ polymerizable radical molecule, ATEMPO, as an additive to address these issues.

Passive acoustic measurements of air temperature at various altitudes.

Acoustic thermometry is a fast, noncontact temperature measurement method that does not require heat exchange and, thus, is suitable for real-time monitoring of changes in air temperature at high altitudes where the thin air is not conducive to establishing thermal equilibrium. In this work, real-time measurements of air temperature at altitudes of up to 5200 m were achieved using a passive acoustic thermometer, which is an acoustic Fabry-Perot resonator (AFPR), consisting of an electret condenser microphone and an acoustic waveguide. The resonant frequency (fR) of the AFPR as a linear function of the mode order number (m) is measured using ambient white noise instead of external sound source, and the air temperature is determined based on the slope of the fR versus m curve.

CeMnVO with Improved Activity for Low-Temperature Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH.

Novel CeMnVO catalysts prepared via modified hydrothermal synthesis were used in selective catalytic reduction of NO using NH (NH-SCR). The CeMnVO catalysts displayed optimum NO removal efficiency at 250 °C. Physicochemical properties including crystal type, morphology, particle size, elemental composition, BET surface area, chemical bond, and valence state were studied by XRD, TEM, EDS, N adsorption-desorption, Raman spectroscopy, and XPS.

Fe diaspora titanium dioxide and graphene: A study of conductive powder materials and coating applications.

Developing new conductive primers to ensure electrostatic spraying is crucial in response to the call for lightweight production of new energy vehicles. We report a stabilized material, Fe-T/G, of Fe-doped TiO composite graphene synthesized by a simple hydrothermal and electrostatic self-assembly method. The resistivity decreases from 0.

CINet: A Constraint- and Interaction-Based Network for Remote Sensing Change Detection.

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD), which utilizes dual-temporal images to predict change locations, plays an essential role in long-term Earth observation missions. Although many deep learning based RSCD models perform well, challenges remain in effectively extracting change information between dual-temporal images and fully leveraging interactions between their feature maps. To address these challenges, a constraint- and interaction-based network (CINet) for RSCD is proposed.

Ultra-light antennas via charge programmed deposition additive manufacturing.

The demand for lightweight antennas in 5 G/6 G communication, wearables, and aerospace applications is rapidly growing. However, standard manufacturing techniques are limited in structural complexity and easy integration of multiple material classes. Here we introduce charge programmed multi-material additive manufacturing platform, offering unparalleled flexibility in antenna design and the capability for rapid printing of intricate antenna structures that are unprecedented or necessitate a series of fabrication routes.

Knowledge Graph-Based In-Context Learning for Advanced Fault Diagnosis in Sensor Networks.

This paper introduces a novel approach for enhancing fault diagnosis in industrial equipment systems through the application of sensor network-driven knowledge graph-based in-context learning (KG-ICL). By focusing on the critical role of sensor data in detecting and isolating faults, we construct a domain-specific knowledge graph (DSKG) that encapsulates expert knowledge relevant to industrial equipment. Utilizing a long-length entity similarity (LES) measure, we retrieve relevant information from the DSKG.

750 V Breakdown in GaN Buffer on 200 mm SOI Substrates Using Reverse-Stepped Superlattice Layers.

In this work, we demonstrated the epitaxial growth of a gallium nitride (GaN) buffer structure on 200 mm SOI (silicon-on-insulator) substrates. This epitaxial layer is grown using a reversed stepped superlattice buffer (RSSL), which is composed of two superlattice (SL) layers with different Al component ratios stacked in reverse order. The upper layer, with a higher Al component ratio, introduces tensile stress instead of accumulative compressive stress and reduces the in situ curvature of the wafer, thereby achieving a well-controlled wafer bow ≤ ±50 µm for a 3.

Environmental risk assessment of the surface sediments based on trace elements analysis from the largest freshwater lake in the southern slope of the Himalaya, Nepal.

Freshwater ecosystems, including high-altitude lakes, can be affected by trace metal pollution derived from a mix of natural sources and anthropogenic activities. These pollutants often collect in surface sediments, with notable concentrations in the deeper areas of lakes. To evaluate the environmental risk associated with metal contaminated sediment in Rara Lake, southern Himalaya, surface sediment samples were systematically collected in November 2018, with a subsequent specific emphasis on determinations of trace element concentrations.

Microfluidic impedance flow cytometer leveraging virtual constriction microchannel and its application in leukocyte differential.

Microfluidic impedance flow cytometry has been widely used in leukocyte differential and counting, but it faces a bottleneck due to the trade-off between impedance detection throughput and sensitivity. In this study, a microfluidic impedance flow cytometer based on a virtual constriction microchannel was reported, in which the virtual constriction microchannel was constructed by crossflow of conductive sample and insulated sheath fluids with underneath micro-electrodes for impedance measurements. Compared to conventional mechanical constriction microchannels, this virtual counterpart could effectively avoid direct physical contact between cells and the microchannel walls to maintain high throughputs, and significantly reduce the volume of the impedance detection region for sensitivity improvements.

Taxonomy, ontogeny, and ecology of Tonnacypris stewarti (Daday 1908) comb. nov. (Ostracoda: Cyprididae) from Nam Co, Tibetan Plateau.

Taxonomic clarification of Tonnacypris stewarti comb. nov. (= Herpetocypris stewarti), a non-marine ostracod first described by Daday in 1908, was required due to the existence of various synonyms without detailed morphological descriptions.

O-methyltransferase CbzMT catalyzes iterative 3,4-dimethylations for carbazomycin biosynthesis.

Carbazomycins (-) are a subgroup of carbazole derivatives that contain oxygen at the C3 and C4 positions and an unusual asymmetric substitution pattern. Several of these compounds exhibit antifungal and antioxidant activities. To date, no systematic biosynthetic studies have been conducted on carbazomycins.

Diagnostic performance of DCE-MRI radiomics in predicting axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients: A meta-analysis.

Radiomics offers a novel strategy for the differential diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and prediction of treatment responses in breast cancer. Studies have explored radiomic signatures from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) and sentinel lymph node metastasis (SLNM), but the diagnostic accuracy varies widely. To evaluate this performance, we conducted a meta-analysis performing a comprehensive literature search across databases including PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, and the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) until March 31, 2024.

Mechanistical Study on Substrate-Controlled Highly Selective [2+2] and [2+3] Cycloaddition Reactions.

Polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons have acquired increased interests recently because of their potential applications in electronic devices. On metal surfaces, the selective synthesis of four- and five-membered carbon rings remains challenging due to the presence of diverse reaction pathways. Here, utilizing the same precursor molecule, we successfully achieved substrate-controlled highly selective cycloaddition reactions towards four- and five-membered carbon rings.

Terahertz Spectroscopy in Assessing Temperature-Shock Effects on Citrus.

Rapid assessment of physiological status is a precondition for addressing biological stress in trees so that they may recover. Environmental stress can cause water deficit in plants, while terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is sensitive to changes in aqueous solutions within organisms. This has given the THz sensor a competitive edge for evaluating plant phenotypes, especially under similar environmental stress, if there are existing differences in the corresponding THz information.

A chip-based universal strategy to realize multiplex PCR by using wax films for sealing and controllable release of primers.

Simultaneous detection of multiple nucleic acid targets from a single sample is a common requirement in molecular diagnosis and basic research. Dividing a bulky polymerase chain reaction (PCR) into many isolated small reaction units through microfluidic technology is commonly used to realize this goal. However, previous microfluidic platforms for multiplex PCR suffer from complex structures and strict operation requirements.

Causal association between allergic diseases and celiac disease: a bidirectional two-sample and multivariable Mendelian-randomization study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the causality of allergic diseases and celiac disease.

Methods: We collected summary-level data from publicly available genome-wide association studies to conduct our bidirectional two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis. Furthermore, a series of sensitivity analyses were applied to validate our findings.

Hypergraph contrastive attention networks for hyperedge prediction with negative samples evaluation.

Hyperedge prediction aims to predict common relations among multiple nodes that will occur in the future or remain undiscovered in the current hypergraph. It is traditionally modeled as a classification task, which performs hypergraph feature learning and classifies the target samples as either present or absent. However, these approaches involve two issues: (i) in hyperedge feature learning, they fail to measure the influence of nodes on the hyperedges that include them and the neighboring hyperedges, and (ii) in the binary classification task, the quality of the generated negative samples directly impacts the prediction results.

PbTeVO: A Lead Vanadate Tellurate with Wide Mid-IR Transparency and Large Birefringence Induced by Multiple Birefringence-Active Groups.

Birefringent materials as the key materials in laser science and technology have attracted continuous attention due to their ability to modulate polarized light. Herein, a new lead vanadate tellurate, PbTeVO, has been synthesized through the rational integration of different kinds of birefringence-active functional units. PbTeVO features a unique two-dimensional (2D) [TeVO] layered structure consisting of [VO] and [TeO] octahedra, and Pb cations reside between the [TeVO] layers.

Practical 1-Methylcyclopropene Technology for Increasing Apple ( Borkh) Storability in the Aksu Region.

In recent years, Aksu apple has become popular with consumers because of its unique texture and taste. At present, maintaining quality during storage is the key problem with the apples in the Aksu region. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) can delay fruit senescence, so is widely used in fruit preservation.

Toothpick DNA extraction combined with handheld LAMP microfluidic platform for simple and rapid meat authentication.

Adulteration of meat is a global issue, necessitating rapid, inexpensive, and simple on-site testing methods. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a one-minute toothpick-based DNA extraction method, a handheld microfluidic chip, and a smartphone-controlled portable analyzer for detecting multiple meat adulterations. A toothpick was inserted into the meat to promote DNA release and adsorption.

Pressure-Induced Irreversible Metallization Accompanying Phase Transition of Chalcopyrite Cu(InGa)Se.

Chalcopyrite copper-indium-gallium diselenides (CIGS) have emerged as promising materials with remarkable electronic properties and potential applicability to high-efficiency solar cells. The crystal and electronic structures of CIGS can be continuously tuned from their initial states under pressure. Although pressure-induced band gap closure in CIGS has been predicted in extensive theoretical studies, it has not been supported by experimental evidence.