Opting for conservative management over surgery for neonatal ovarian cysts.

Objective: To explore the suitability of conservative management for neonatal ovarian cysts in newborns.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving infants diagnosed with neonatal abdominal/pelvic cysts at two separate medical institutions from January 2015 through July 2021. Data collection included clinical characteristics, imaging results, pathological findings, and postnatal outcomes.

α-Hederin regulates macrophage polarization to relieve sepsis-induced lung and liver injuries in mice.

Sepsis is one of the most fatal inflammatory diseases with multiple organ failure caused by pathological infection. α-Hederin, a monodesmosidic triterpenoid saponin, has many biological activities including anti-inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of α-Hederin on lung and liver injuries in septic mice.

Novel pathogenic variant (c.2947C > T) of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 gene in neonatal-onset deficiency.

Background: Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare autosomal recessive urea cycle disorder characterized by hyperammonaemia. The biochemical measurement of the intermediate metabolites is helpful for CPS1D diagnosis; it however cannot distinguish CPS1D from N-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency. Therefore, next-generation sequencing (NGS) is often essential for the accurate diagnosis of CPS1D.

The Utility of Peripheral Blood Leucocyte Ratios as Biomarkers in Neonatal Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Early stage diagnosis of neonatal sepsis (NS) remains a major roadblock due to non-specific symptoms and the absence of precise laboratory index tests. The full blood count is a relatively cheap, universal, and rapid diagnostic test.

Method: This study assessed the diagnostic accuracies of immature-to-total neutrophil ratio (ITR), immature-to-mature neutrophil ratio (IMR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) used in the diagnosis of NS.

[Clinical effect of exogenous pulmonary surfactant in the treatment of severe neonatal infectious pneumonia: a multicenter prospective clinical trial].

Objective: To study the clinical effect of calsurf, a domestic exogenous pulmonary surfactant, in the treatment of severe neonatal infectious pneumonia.

Methods: A total of 208 neonates with severe infectious pneumonia who hospitalized in 5 hospitals of China were enrolled. According to their parents' wishes on admission, these neonates were administered with conventional treatment (control group; n=81) and calsurf  treatment + conventional treatment (calsurf treatment group, n=127).

Neuroprotective effects of orientin on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion-induced cell injury in primary culture of rat cortical neurons.

Orientin (luteolin-8-C-glucoside) is a phenolic compound found abundantly in millet, juice, and peel of passion fruit and has been shown to have antioxidant properties. In the present study, we explored the effects of orientin on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/RP)-induced cell injury in primary culture of rat cortical neurons using an in vitro model of neonatal ischemic brain injury. The reduced cell viability and elevated lactate dehydrogenase leakage were observed after OGD/RP exposure, which were then reversed by orientin (10, 20, and 30 µM) pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner.

Maternal Stress in Gestation: Birth Outcomes and Stress-Related Hormone Response of the Neonates.

Background: Relatively few studies have been made on neurobehavioral outcomes of prenatal maternal stress during the newborn period, and little research has focused on umbilical cord stress hormones including cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), norepinephrine, and epinephrine. Our objective was to investigate the effects of prenatal maternal life stressors on neonatal birth outcomes, neurobehavioral development, and stress-related hormones levels.

Methods: Participants were 142 mothers and their infants; 71 were selected as the prenatal life stressor exposed group and 71 as the control group matched on maternal age, gestational week, delivery type, socioeconomic and education status, and newborns' sex.

Expression of neurogranin in hippocampus of rat offspring exposed to restraint stress and pulsed magnetic fields.

Stressor acting upon the organism during pregnancy can produce distinct and long lasting effects on the offspring. However, the essential mechanism remains unclear. Neurogranin (Ng) is a postsynaptic brain-specific protein involved in the regulation of calcium signaling and neuronal plasticity.