First metagenomic sequencing for the analysis of microbial community populations of adults and pupae of in Xinjiang, China.

Introduction: , a parasite on the body surface of sheep, directly attacks the host through biting and sucking blood and may also transmit pathogens in the process. There are currently only a few studies on the microbial composition of , while there are no such studies on pupae.

Methods: In this study, samples AT-1 to AT-4 each contained four individuals, while sample AT-5 comprised four pupae, all used for metagenomic sequencing and analysis.

CAP-PIRO Scoring System's Performance in Predicting Prognosis and Severity of Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Single-Center Prospective Study.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant global health issue, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite the existence of various severity scoring systems, accurately predicting patient outcomes remains challenging. The CAP-PIRO (Predisposition, Insult, Response, and Organ dysfunction) scoring system offers a comprehensive approach to evaluating CAP severity and prognosis.

The regulatory effects of serum catecholamines and endothelial cells in pig hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation models.

Background: Acute blood loss not only leads to systemic compensatory response, but also the induced changes in vascular endothelial function.These pathological changes may have potential compensatory significance for maintaining organ perfusion and fluid resuscitation.

Objective: To understand trauma-induced endotheliopathy and their compensatory roles in acute hemorrhage, a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock (HS) was used to evaluate changes in vascular endothelial factors and catecholamine levels at different time points from shock to fluid resuscitation.

Evaluation of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation in pigs using handless Doppler carotid artery ultrasound.

Objective: This study aimed to utilize a hemorrhagic shock pig model to compare two hemodynamic monitoring methods, pulse index continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) and spectral carotid artery Doppler ultrasound (CDU). Additionally, we sought to explore the feasibility of employing CDU as a non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring tool in the context of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation.

Design: Animal experiments.

A new method to evaluate carotid blood flow by continuous Doppler monitoring during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of cardiac arrest.

Aim: We used a wearable carotid Doppler patch to study carotid blood flow patterns in a porcine model of cardiac arrest to identify return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and hemodynamics associated with different arrhythmias and the quality of compressions.

Methods: Twenty Landrace pigs were used as models of cardiac arrest following a standard protocol. Carotid blood flow was monitored continuously using noninvasive ultrasound.

Detection of Rickettsia spp. and Anaplasma ovis in Melophagus ovinus from southern Xinjiang, China.

Melophagus ovinus is a hematophagous insect that is distributed worldwide and plays a crucial role in transmitting disease-causing pathogens. From June 2021 to March 2022, a total of 370 M. ovinus were collected from 11 sampling points in southern Xinjiang, China.

Detection of Spp., Spp., and in from Southern Xinjiang, China.

Introduction: Ticks are blood-sucking arthropods that have negative economic impacts and can spread a variety of diseases through their bites. There are few reports on soft ticks (Acari: Argasidae) and tick-borne pathogens in southern Xinjiang, China. This investigation supplements the available information for this region and is concerned with an argasid tick, apicomplexan parasites of the and genera and a bacterium of the genus.

Distribution and Molecular Epidemiology of in and Small Ruminants in Border Regions of South Xinjiang, China.

are obligate intracellular bacteria that can endanger human and animal health, and they can be transmitted by arthropod vectors, such as and ticks. In this study, 433 specimens, including 370 and 63 sheep blood samples, were collected from nine districts of South Xinjiang to investigate the distribution and molecular epidemiology of in and small ruminant. DNA of was detected in 109 (25.

Protective Effect of Shenfu Injection on Vascular Endothelial Damage in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Shenfu Injection (, SFI) on endothelial damage in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock (HS).

Methods: After being bled to a mean arterial pressure of 40±3 mm Hg and held for 60 min, 32 pigs were treated with a venous injection of either shed blood (transfusion group), shed blood and saline (saline group), shed blood and SFI (SFI group) or without resuscitation (sham group). Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after HS.

Investigation of the Prevalence of in Southern Xinjiang, China.

Introduction: It is very important to monitor the infection of as a potential threat to the sheep industry. Southern Xinjiang is a major sheep breeding base in China, however, there is no relevant information concerning the infection of the region's ovine stock with this bacteria at present. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap.

Protective effect of Shenfu on gut epithelium in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock.

This study aimed to explore the protective effect of Shenfu on the hemodynamics and gut integrity in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in 32 domestic pigs with a rapid bleeding via the arterial sheath to a mean arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg within 10 min. Animals with hemorrhagic shock were then randomly assigned into the negative control group (n=8), receiving neither blood transfusion nor drug treatment; the blood transfusion group, in which animals were given blood transfusion alone; the saline group, in which animals were blood transfused and resuscitated with saline (3 mL/kg); and the Shenfu group, in which animals received blood transfusion and resuscitation with Shenfu (3 mL/kg).

Shen-fu injection alleviates acute renal injury by reducing cytokine levels and modulating apoptosis in a porcine hemorrhagic shock model.

Purpose: Shen-fu injection (SFI) was used to intervene in the resuscitation of porcine hemorrhagic shock (HS) model to study its protective effects on acute kidney injury.

Methods: After 60 min of HS, 28 animals were randomly assigned into four groups. The groups were as follows: hemorrhagic shock group (HS); HS resuscitation with shed-blood group (HSR); HS resuscitation with shed-blood and SFI (1 mL·kg-1) group (HSR-SFI); and the sham operation group (Sham).

Shenfu injection improves cerebral microcirculation and reduces brain injury in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock.

Background: Shenfu injection (SFI) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine which has been clinically used for treatment of septic shock and cardiac shock. The aim of this study was to clarify effects of SFI on cerebral microcirculation and brain injury after hemorrhagic shock (HS).

Methods: Twenty-one domestic male Beijing Landrace pigs were randomly divided into three groups: SFI group (SFI, n = 8), saline group (SA, n = 8) or sham operation group (SO, n = 5).

Targeted Temperature Management Suppresses Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in a Pig Model of Cardiac Arrest.

Background: The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/VEGF receptor subtype 2 (VEGFR-2) pathway has been implicated in ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to clarify whether whole-body hypothermic targeted temperature management (HTTM) inhibits the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2 pathway in a swine model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Methods: Twenty-four domestic male Beijing Landrace pigs were used in this study.

Changes of Endothelin-1 and Nitric Oxide Systems in Brain Tissue During Mild Hypothermia in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest.

Background: Our previous study found that mild hypothermia (MH) after resuscitation reduced cerebral microcirculation, but the mechanism was not elucidated. The aim of this study was to clarify changes of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) systems in brain tissue during hypothermia after resuscitation.

Methods: Twenty-six domestic male Beijing Landrace pigs were used in this study.

Selective beta-blocker esmolol improves cerebral cortex microcirculation in a swine ventricular fibrillation model.

Objective: This study aimed to identify whether esmolol attenuates cerebral cortex microcirculation blood flow due to epinephrine in prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and may improve neurological prognosis.

Methods: Male pigs were randomized into the esmolol+epinephrine group (group EE), the epinephrine group (group EP), and the normal saline group (group NS) (n = 8 each group). Untreated VF for 8 minutes was induced in pigs.

Effects of Mild Hypothermia on Cardiac and Neurological Function in Piglets Under Pathological and Physiological Stress Conditions.

To investigate the different effects of mild hypothermia on pathological and physiological stress conditions in piglets, 30 pigs were randomized into four groups: cardiac arrest and mild hypothermia (CA-MH group), cardiac arrest and normothermia (CA-NH group), non-CA-MH (NCA-MH group), and a sham operation. The same hypothermia intervention was implemented in both CA-MH and NCA-MH groups. The CA-NH group did not undergo therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation.

Genetic Diversity of Echinococcus granulosus Genotype G1 in Xinjiang, Northwest of China.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) caused by E. granulosus is a serious helminthic zoonosis in humans, livestock and wildlife. Xinjiang is one of high endemic province for CE in China.

Prevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in various pig farms from Shaanxi Province, China: First detection of HEV RNA in pig semen.

The zoonotic transmission of hepatitis E virus (HEV) is mainly mediated by HEV genotypes 3 and 4, with domestic pigs serving as an important reservoir for both genotypes. In China, genotype 4 HEV is the primary prevalent genotype on pig farms. In this study, the prevalence of HEV infection in pig herds of Shaanxi Province was investigated.

Effect of mild hypothermia on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a swine model.

Purpose:: To investigate the effect of intravascular cooling on renal function after resuscitation.

Methods:: Twenty four pigs were randomized into three groups (n=8 in each group): therapeutic hypothermia group (TH group), normothermia group (NH group) and sham operation group (SHAM group). After 6 minutes of untreated VF, CPR was performed.

Comparison of early sequential hypothermia and delayed hypothermia on neurological function after resuscitation in a swine model.

Background: We utilized a porcine cardiac arrest model to compare early sequential hypothermia (ESH) with delayed hypothermia (DH) and no hypothermia (NH) to investigate the different effects on cerebral function after resuscitation.

Methods: After return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), resuscitated 24 pigs divided into three groups. The ESH group implemented early sequential hypothermia immediately, and the DH group implemented delayed hypothermia at 1 h after ROSC.

Effects of Mild Hypothermia on Cerebral Large and Small Microvessels Blood Flow in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest.

Background: The effect of mild hypothermia (MH) on microcirculation after resuscitation from cardiac arrest is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine whether MH improves or aggravates the disturbance of cerebral microcirculation.

Methods: Twenty domestic male pigs were randomized into the MH group (n = 8), non-hypothermia (NH) group (n = 8) or sham operation group (n = 4).

Mild hypothermia alleviates brain oedema and blood-brain barrier disruption by attenuating tight junction and adherens junction breakdown in a swine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Mild hypothermia improves survival and neurological recovery after cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to determine whether mild hypothermia alleviates early blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption.