Chromosomal inversion at the DG1 promoter drives double-grain spikelets and enhances grain yield in sorghum.

The phenomenon of multiple-grain spikelets is frequently observed in gramineous crops. In the case of dual-floret spikelets, the upper fertile floret develops normally to form a single grain, while the lower sterile floret undergoes abortion. Here we elucidate the role of Double-Grain 1 (DG1), a gene encoding a homeobox-domain-containing protein, in regulating the lower floret meristem activity and double-grain spikelet trait in sorghum.

Constructing Stable Bifunctional Electrocatalyst of Co─CoNbO with Reversible Interface Reconstitution Ability for Sustainable Zn-Air Batteries.

Transition metal and metal oxide heterojunctions have been widely studied as bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) electrocatalysts for Zn-air batteries, but the dynamic changes of transition metal oxides and the interface during catalysis are still unclear. Here, bifunctional electrocatalyst of Co─CoNbO is reported, containing lattice interlocked Co nanodots and CoNbO nanorods, which construct a strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) interface. Unlike the recognition that transition metals mainly serve as ORR active sites and metal oxides as OER active sites, it is found that both ORR/OER sites originate from CoNbO, while Co acts as an electronic regulatory unit.

FLOT1 Is a Novel Serum Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer Targeted by N6-methyladenosine Modification Inhibition.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is a deadly disease and lacks a precise marker for diagnosis worldwide. Our previous work has shown the overexpression of flotillin-1 (FLOT1) in OC tissue. To improve diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, we evaluated the serum level of FLOT1 in OC patients and found that the serum concentration of FLOT1 as well as CA125 was significantly increased in patients with OC compared with healthy control (p < 0.

Correlation of noninvasive imaging of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes with survival and BCG immunotherapy response in patients with bladder cancer: a multicentre cohort study.

Background: Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are strongly correlated with the prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer. The TIL status is typically assessed through microscopy as part of tissue pathology. Here, the authors developed Rad-TIL model, a novel radiomics model, to predict TIL status in patients with bladder cancer.

On Finite Difference Jacobian Computation in Deformable Image Registration.

Producing spatial transformations that are diffeomorphic is a key goal in deformable image registration. As a diffeomorphic transformation should have positive Jacobian determinant everywhere, the number of voxels with has been used to test for diffeomorphism and also to measure the irregularity of the transformation. For digital transformations, is commonly approximated using a central difference, but this strategy can yield positive 's for transformations that are clearly not diffeomorphic-even at the voxel resolution level.

Novel tissue biomarker candidates to predict both deep venous thrombosis and healing outcome after Achilles tendon rupture.

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and poor long-term patient outcomes frequently occur in patients with Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). Biomarkers for DVT and their possible relationship to long-term healing outcomes remain unexplored. To identify DVT biomarkers from proteomic profiles during the inflammatory and proliferative healing stages and assess their associations with one-year healing outcomes after surgical repair of ATR.

Advancements in 3D gel culture systems for enhanced angiogenesis in bone tissue engineering.

Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling is a crucial process in bone tissue engineering, requiring a suitable material structure for vessel growth. Recently, the 3D culture system has gained significant attention due to its benefits in cell growth, proliferation and tissue regeneration. Its most notable advantage is its ECM-like function, which supports endothelial cell adhesion and facilitates the formation of vascular-like networks-crucial for angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling.

Smart bacteria cellulose facial mask for sensing and recovering skin pH.

The utilization of skin care products and cleansers is a prevalent method for maintaining facial skin health. However, excessive use of these products is an unnoticed factor that can result in serious skin problems. Currently, there are no products on the market to provide users with skin acclimatization and restoration services.

Overexpression of FOS enhances the malignant potential of eutopic endometrial stromal cells in patients with endometriosis‑associated ovarian cancer.

Endometrial cysts of the ovary (EMC) may develop into endometriosis (EM)‑associated ovarian cancer over time (EAOC), but the pathogenesis of this disease has not been determined. In the present study, RNA sequencing was used to identify a feasible biomarker, and the molecular function of this biomarker in eutopic endometrial cells from EAOC and EMC patients was evaluated to explore the potential mechanism related to EAOC and orthotopic endometrial tissue. RNA sequencing was performed on 5 EAOC and 4 EMC tissue samples, and differential expression analysis was performed.

Optimizing cleaning procedures for MEP residues: insights from a novel HPLC-MS analysis.

Objectives: To develop a highly sensitive and reliable method for detecting Monobond Etch & Prime (MEP) residues on lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LDGC) surfaces treated with different cleaning procedures after MEP treating.

Materials And Methods: A sensitive and reliable high performance liquid chromatography-tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-TTQ/MS) method was developed for the accurate quantitative determination of tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride (TDTF) in MEP. 100 rectangular LDGC specimens (8.

Virtual reality technology improves the gait and balance function of the elderly: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Introduction: Improving the gait and balance function is an important part of the health of the elderly. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of virtual reality (VR) technology on the gait and balance function of the elderly.

Material And Methods: Two authors independently searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and Weipu databases up to October 20, 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the application of VR in improving the gait and balance function in the elderly.

Interspecific Competition Between Riley and Hirst (Acari: Tetranychidae).

has long been recognized as an important spider mite pest of rubber trees. Recently, increasing damage from has elevated its importance as a key spider mite pest. These two species share highly overlapping ecological niches, with outbreaks strongly associated with high temperatures and drought stresses.

Diverse Care Needs Assessment for Older Adults in China: A Latent Profile Analysis Study.

Background: Grasping the nuanced needs of older adults is paramount for the efficacious provision of day-care services. Our study sought to identify the demand patterns for day-care services in China and to explore the underlying factors. This study aims to offer useful evidence that can refine nursing care strategies and guide policy development within day-care settings.

Mitochondrial diseases: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic advances.

Mitochondria are essential for cellular function and viability, serving as central hubs of metabolism and signaling. They possess various metabolic and quality control mechanisms crucial for maintaining normal cellular activities. Mitochondrial genetic disorders can arise from a wide range of mutations in either mitochondrial or nuclear DNA, which encode mitochondrial proteins or other contents.

Social isolation and depressive symptoms among chinese older adults: Serial mediating roles of social support and resilience.

Background: Social isolation is a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms in older adults, with social support and resilience serving as protective factors. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed of 1020 participants (aged ≥ 60years) in the northern, central and southern parts of Jiangsu Province, China.

Mitochondria-Targeting Virus-Like Gold Nanoparticles Enhance Chemophototherapeutic Efficacy Against Pancreatic Cancer in a Xenograft Mouse Model.

Background: The dense and fibrotic nature of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment significantly contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis. This challenging environment acts as a formidable barrier, hindering effective drug penetration and delivery, which ultimately limits the efficacy of conventional cancer treatments. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers to overcome the extracellular matrix barrier; however, their limited targeting precision, poor delivery efficiency, and insufficient photothermal conversion present challenges.

CSF Mitochondrial N-Formyl Methionine Peptide as Complementary Diagnostic Tool in Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis and Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.

Background: Mitochondrial damage is significant in autoimmune diseases, with mitochondrial N-formyl methionine peptide (fMet) being released from damaged mitochondria. However, its potential as a marker for assessing the severity of two kinds of encephalitis - anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) and anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) - remains uncertain. We measured CSF fMet levels in anti-NMDAR encephalitis and anti-LG1 encephalitis patients, assessing its diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

Non-surgery strategy versus hepatectomy in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with complete response after conversion therapy: a meta-analysis.

Background: There is ongoing debate surrounding the optimal therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients achieving complete response (CR) after conversion therapy. This meta-analysis compares the prognostic outcomes of non-surgery strategies with hepatectomy.

Methods: The systematic searches were conducted up to April 11, 2024, across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Epigenome-Wide and Methylation Risk Score Analysis of Body Mass Index Among People with HIV.

People with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) often gain weight, which increases their risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The role of DNA methylation (DNAm) markers in obesity among PWH is understudied. This research explores the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and epigenetic patterns to better understand and manage obesity-related risks in PWH.

A survey on deep learning in medical image registration: New technologies, uncertainty, evaluation metrics, and beyond.

Deep learning technologies have dramatically reshaped the field of medical image registration over the past decade. The initial developments, such as regression-based and U-Net-based networks, established the foundation for deep learning in image registration. Subsequent progress has been made in various aspects of deep learning-based registration, including similarity measures, deformation regularizations, network architectures, and uncertainty estimation.

A Fully Integrated Orthodontic Aligner With Force Sensing Ability for Machine Learning-Assisted Diagnosis.

Currently, the diagnosis of malocclusion is a highly demanding process involving complicated examinations of the dental occlusion, which increases the demand for innovative tools for occlusal data monitoring. Nevertheless, continuous wireless monitoring within the oral cavity is challenging due to limitations in sampling and device size. In this study, by embedding high-performance piezoelectric sensors into the occlusal surfaces using flexible printed circuits, a fully integrated, flexible, and self-contained transparent aligner is developed.

A combined electro-optical deformability micro-cytometer.

We have developed a deformability cytometer that simultaneously measures the optical and electrical shape change of single cells in a viscoelastic shear flow. The optical deformability of single cells is measured using a low-cost CMOS camera illuminated with a high-power LED triggered from an electrical impedance signal created by a passing cell. Simultaneously the electrical deformability of the cell is determined using electrode arrays that measure shape changes along different axes.