Formate Salt as a Bifunctional Reagent for Hydroxylation and Carbonylation Reactions Under Photochemically Driven Nickel Catalysis.

In this study, we disclose for the first time that formate salt can be used as a bifunctional reagent for the synthesis of phenol derivatives and as a CO source for carbonylative cross-coupling processes using the COware gas reactor under activation free conditions. Key to this success is the in-situ synthesis of aryl formate via an unprecedented nickel/organophotocatalyst system under blue LED irradiation. This developed system demonstrated high applicability to various aryl iodide substrates for synthesizing phenol derivatives.

Correlation of dehydroepiandrosterone with diabetic nephropathy and its clinical value in early detection.

Aims/introduction: This study was carried out to assess the association of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to better predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,082 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital were enrolled in this study, and grouped for comparison. The effect of serum DHEA on DN was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves were established to explore the optimal concentration of DHEA in patients with DN and non-DN.

Dorzagliatin add-on therapy to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Metformin, the first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D), decreases hepatic glucose production and reduces fasting plasma glucose levels. Dorzagliatin, a dual-acting orally bioavailable glucokinase activator targeting both the pancreas and liver glucokinase, decreases postprandial glucose in patients with T2D. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial, the efficacy and safety of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metformin were assessed in patients with T2D who had inadequate glycemic control using metformin alone.

The Sublethal Effects of β-Ecdysterone, a Highly Active Compound from Achyranthes bidentata Blume, on Grape Phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch.

Grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch) (Hemiptera, Phylloxeridae), is a very destructive insect pest of grapevines. Intercropping of Achyranthes bidentata Blume (f. Amaranthaceae) and Vitis spp.

Inhibitory effects of O-methylated isoflavone glycitein on human breast cancer SKBR-3 cells.

Glycitein is an O-methylated isoflavone which accounts for 5-10% of the total isoflavones in soy food products. Cell proliferation studies on the dietary phytoestrogen, glycitein against human breast carcinoma SKBR-3 cells showed that glycitein exhibits biphasic regulation on SKBR-3 cells. At concentrations of less than 10 mg/mL, cells respond to glycitein by increasing cell growth and de novo DNA synthesis whereas the addition of glycitein at concentrations greater than 30 mg/mL significantly inhibited cell growth and DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner.

The Efficacy of Chinese Medicinal Herbs towards Grape Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) (Hemiptera, Phylloxeridae).

Bio-insecticidal effects of seven Chinese medicinal herbs on mortality, fecundity, developmental periods and life table parameters of the grape phylloxera were investigated. In an excised root bioassay experiment aqueous extracts from seven Chinese medicinal herbs increased grape phylloxera first instar mortality (26.00-38.

Identification of Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) midgut putative receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal Cry7Ab3 toxin.

Bt WZ-9 strain, containing a single Cry7Ab3 toxin, had effective insecticidal activity against larvae of Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata. By incubation with larvae midgut homogenate and trypsin in vitro, 130 kDa Cry7Ab3 protoxin was degraded into the ∼75 kDa proteinase-resistant fragments. In vivo analysis, 130 kDa Cry7Ab3 protoxin was also processed into ∼75 kDa fragment.