Exploring the structural, elastic, electronic and thermal properties of Ti-Al-Me (Me = Cu, Fe and Ni) alloys by first-principles studies.

The welding of titanium alloys is an important topic in today's industrial field, and the interaction between the solder and the base material is crucial for the quality of the welded parts. The structural, elastic, electronic, and thermal properties of Ti-Al-Me (Me = Cu, Fe and Ni) alloys (TAMs) with the face-centered cubic structures were investigated using plane-wave pseudo potential method in the framework of density functional theory. Based on the calculated elastic constants combined with empirical and semi-empirical formulas, physical properties including ductility/brittleness, hardness and anisotropy were calculated.

ZSH-2208: A novel retinoid with potent anti-tumour effects on ESCC stem cells via RARγ-TNFAIP3 axis.

Backgroud: Oesophageal cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumours globally, primarily consisting of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Cancer stem cells (CSCs) accelerate the progression ESCC via their strong self-renewal and tumourigenic capabilities, presenting significant clinical challenges due to increased risks of recurrence and drug resistance.

Methods: Our previous study has reported WYC-209, which is capable of inducing apoptosis of CSCs in melanoma and hepatoma, but is ineffective against ESCC.

Heterogeneous electrocatalyst of nanoscale Fe-based medium-entropy alloy and sulfide for oxygen evolution reaction.

The construction of heterojunctions between non-noble-metal based compounds affords a scheme for accelerating the reaction kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) without using precious mental materials, which is extremely important but remains challenging. Herein, the heterogeneous structure between FeCoNiCrMn medium-entropy alloy (MEA) and FeS is developed by a mechanical alloying approach. The resulting MEA-30 wt%FeS delivers a high OER activity with a low overpotential of 261.

Examining the cross-sectional relationship of platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio with depressive symptoms in adults in the United States.

Aims: Herein, we examined the correlation between platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and symptoms of depression among United States adults.

Methods: Data acquired from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, involving individuals ≥ 20 years of age, with available PHR and depression diagnosis information. We employed weighted uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the distinct correlation between PHR and depressive symptoms.

Polysubstitution Induced Centrosymmetric-to-Noncentrosymmetric Structural Transformation and Nonlinear-Optical Behavior: The Case of NaAgGaSe.

Obtaining compounds with large nonlinear-optical (NLO) coefficients and wide band gaps is challenging due to their competitive requirements for chemical bonds. Herein, the first member with mixed cations on the A site in the A-M-Q or A-Ag-M-Q (A = alkali metal; M = Ga, In; Q = S, Se, Te) family, NaAgGaSe (NAGSe), was obtained by a solid-state reaction. Its structure features [GaSe] tetrahedra built three-dimensional {[GaSe]} network, with Na and Na/Ag cations located at the octahedral cavities.

Associations between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and likelihood of nephrolithiasis: a cross-sectional analysis in United States adults.

Aims: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the platelet/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR) and the prevalence of nephrolithiasis within the adult population of the United States.

Methods: The data used in this study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2007 and 2018. The analysis included a non-pregnant population aged 20 years or older, providing proper PHR index and nephrolithiasis data.

tRF-1:30-Gly-CCC-3 inhibits thyroid cancer via binding to PC and modulating metabolic reprogramming.

tRFs and tiRNAs (tRNA-derived fragments) are an emerging class of small noncoding RNAs produced by the precise shearing of tRNAs in response to specific stimuli. They have been reported to regulate the pathological processes of numerous human cancers. However, the biofunction of tRFs and tiRNAs in the development and progression of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) has not been reported yet.

Effect of doping and defects on the optoelectronic properties of ZrSe based on the first principle.

Context: Based on the first principles under the framework of density functional theory, it calculates the effect of vacancy defects in single Zr and single Se atoms and the replacement of Se atoms in ZrSe with O, Se, and Te atoms on the optoelectronic properties of monolayer ZrSe, including geometry, energy band structure, electronic density of states, and optical properties. The doping of the three non-metallic atoms was n-type doping for the O and S atoms and p-type doping for the Te atom. Defects in the Zr atoms and O-atom doping significantly affect the peak reflectance and absorption coefficient of the ZrSe system.

Torsional deformation modulation of the electronic structure and optical properties of molybdenum ditelluride systems doped with halogen atoms X (X = F, Cl, Br, I): a first-principles study.

Context: Using a first-principles plane-wave pseudopotential technique within the context of density-functional theory, the electronic structure and optical properties of the molybdenum ditelluride system doped with halogen atoms X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) were investigated. The electronic structure, density of states, charge transfer, and optical properties of halogen atom X doped on MoTe monolayer are systematically calculated and analyzed. It shows that the Fermi energy level is shifted upward after doping with halogen atoms.

Electronic and optical structural manipulation of NbS defects under strain: first-principles calculations.

Context: Monolayer NbS is a promising new two-dimensional material, and it is critical to develop effective methods to make NbS a material for nanodevices and photovoltaic applications. This study studied the strain rule of sulfur-deficient NbS structure by first principles. The results show that all defect structures introduce impurity states to enhance electron transport.

Photoelectric structure and magnetic changes caused by niobium disulfide adsorbing (non)-metal atoms under defects.

Context: The property transition between metal and semiconductor is the key to improving the properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The adsorption of the NbS compound in the defect state was adjusted for the first time. The hybrid system overwrites the original surface mechanism of NbS and induces indirect band gaps.

Nitrogen transfer and transformation in bioretention cells under low temperature conditions.

The nitrogen removal effect of traditional bioretention cells is generally poor under low temperature conditions, with significant levels of fluctuation and leaching often reported. Therefore, the migration characteristics of nitrogen were explored in bioretention cells under low temperature conditions, with the aim of improving the nitrogen removal effect. Four groups of modified collapsible loess bioretention cells were constructed and operated at 1, 5, 10 and 25 °C.

Effect of strain on the electronic and optical properties of (non-)metal adsorbed NbSmonolayer.

This paper investigated the performance changes brought about by the adsorption of metal and non-metal atoms on monolayer NbS. First-principles found that the adsorption of non-metallic atoms on the monolayer NbSsignificantly changed the surface structure, with non-metallic atoms other than F intercalated into the upper S atoms. Among them, the F atom adsorption modification system changed the metallic properties of NbSand tended to transform into a semiconductor.

Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on nutrient removal from bioretention cells.

There have been numerous summaries of the runoff purification characteristics of bioretention cells in warm climates. However, little has been done on the effects of freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) that frequently occur in cold regions on bioretention cell performance. Three experimental columns were constructed to simulate the operation of the bioretention cell under the FTCs.

RNA N6-Methyladenosine Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveal a Distinct Immune Infiltration Landscape and Clinical Significance.

BACKGROUND RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the most abundant and prominent form of epigenetic modification, is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation and progression. However, the role of m6A methylation in HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) formation is unexplored. This study aimed to reveal the TME features of HCC patients with distinct m⁶A expression patterns and establish a prognostic model based on m⁶A signatures for HCC cohorts.

Radix Tetrastigma Extracts Enhance the Chemosensitivity in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Via Inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy.

Objective: Drug resistance in tumors is one of the major factors that leads to chemotherapy failure. This study aims to investigate the effect of Radix Tetrastigma extracts (RTEs) on Taxol-induced autophagy and the chemosensitivity against drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Methods: Taxol-resistant MDA-MB-468 (MDA-MB-468/Taxol) cells were induced and treated with RTEs and/or Taxol.

Effect of ISM1 on the Immune Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer.

An increasing number of studies have shown that Isthmin 1 (ISM1), a secreted protein, is important in tumorigenesis and invasion, including in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanisms are still unclear. This study aims to explore the function and prognosis capacity of ISM1 in CRC.

IRF1-mediated immune cell infiltration is associated with metastasis in colon adenocarcinoma.

Background: Evidence suggests that metastasis is chiefly responsible for the poor prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in regulating this biological process. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear.

Gastric Cancer Tumor Microenvironment Characterization Reveals Stromal-Related Gene Signatures Associated With Macrophage Infiltration.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) has attracted attention owing to its essential role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. With the emergence of immunotherapies for various cancers, and their high efficacy, an understanding of the TME in gastric cancer (GC) is critical. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various components within the GC TME, and to identify mechanisms that exhibit potential as therapeutic targets.

CircUBAP2-mediated competing endogenous RNA network modulates tumorigenesis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

We investigated the role of the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in the development and progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). We analyzed the expression profiles of PAAD and normal pancreatic tissues from multiple GEO databases and identified 457 differentially expressed circular RNAs (DEcircRNAs), 19 microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and 1993 mRNAs (DEmRNAs). We constructed a ceRNA network consisting of 4 DEcircRNAs, 3 DEmiRNAs and 149 DEmRNAs that regulates the NF-kappa B, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt signaling pathways.

Fabrication of honeycomb-patterned porous films from PS-b-PNIPAM amphiphilic diblock copolymers synthesized via RITP.

Poly(styrene)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PS-b-PNIPAM) amphiphilic diblock copolymers were synthesized via reverse iodine transfer polymerization (RITP) firstly. And then the honeycomb structured porous films were fabricated by drop the amphiphilic diblock copolymer solutions on glass substrates. The porous films were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively.