WDR62 regulates spindle dynamics as an adaptor protein between TPX2/Aurora A and katanin.

WDR62 is a microcephaly-related, microtubule (MT)-associated protein (MAP) that localizes to the spindle pole and regulates spindle organization, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that WDR62 regulates spindle dynamics by recruiting katanin to the spindle pole and further reveal a TPX2-Aurora A-WDR62-katanin axis in cells. By combining cellular and in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that WDR62 shows preference for curved segments of dynamic GDP-MTs, as well as GMPCPP- and paclitaxel-stabilized MTs, suggesting that it recognizes extended MT lattice.

Simplified method for simulation of incompressible viscous flows inspired by the lattice Boltzmann method.

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has gained increasing popularity in incompressible viscous flow simulations, but it uses many distribution functions (far more than the flow variables) and is often memory demanding. This disadvantage was overcome by a recent approach that solves the more actual macroscopic equations obtained through Taylor series expansion analysis of the lattice Boltzmann equations [Lu et al., J.

Effect of ball milling process on the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanodiamond/2024Al composites.

In this study, 5 wt.% nanodiamond (ND) reinforced 2024Al matrix composites (ND/2024Al) were fabricated with various ball milling processes. The microstructure, compressive yield strength (σ) and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ND/2024Al composites were investigated.

Effect of pre-strain on microstructure and micro-yield properties of Al-Cu-Li alloy.

In this study, Al-Cu-Li alloys were pre-strained to various plastic strains before ageing. The T1 (AlCuLi) precipitates and dislocation density in various pre-strained Al-Cu-Li alloys were analyzed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology respectively. The micro-yield strength (Micro-YS) of tested alloys was measured and the strengthening mechanism was discussed.

Effect of Substrate Types on the Structure of Vertical Graphene Prepared by Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Although the structure of vertical graphene (VG) is important for various applications, the growth mechanism of VG is not yet fully clear. Here, the impacts of electrical conductivity of substrate on the morphology and structure of VG prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition are studied by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that VG with greater thickness can be grown on substrate with better electrical conductivity in the same growth time.

Bioinformatic tools support decision-making in plant disease management.

Food loss due to pathogens is a major concern in agriculture, requiring the need for advanced disease detection and prevention measures to minimize pathogen damage to plants. Novel bioinformatic tools have opened doors for the low-cost rapid identification of pathogens and prevention of disease. The number of these tools is growing fast and a comprehensive and comparative summary of these resources is currently lacking.

WNT10A induces apoptosis of senescent synovial resident stem cells through Wnt/calcium pathway-mediated HDAC5 phosphorylation in OA joints.

Recently, the accumulation of senescent cells (SnCs) within joints was found to promote osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Our previous study found that Wnt proteins, especially Wnt10a, have marked effects on cellular senescence and joint health. However, the effect of WNT10A on SnCs in OA joints remains unknown.

Novel amide derivatives containing an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine moiety: Design, synthesis as potential nematicidal and antibacterial agents.

To discover new nematicides, a series of novel amide derivatives containing an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine moeity were designed and synthesized. Among the title compounds, compounds 3 and 27 exhibited good nematicidal activities against Aphelenchoides besseyi (rice white-tip nematode), with LC values against of 27.3 and 35.

Rapid assembly of α-ketoamides through a decarboxylative strategy of isocyanates with α-oxocarboxylic acids under mild conditions.

A simple and practical method for α-ketoamide synthesis via a decarboxylative strategy of isocyanates with α-oxocarboxylic acids is described. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under mild conditions without an oxidant or an additive, showing good substrate scope and functional compatibility. Moreover, the applicability of this method was further demonstrated by the synthesis of various bioactive molecules and different application examples through a two-step one-pot operation.

Gradient Porous Structure Templated by Breath Figure Method.

Surfaces with gradient topography are important in various fields but are difficult to fabricate. Herein, we report a facile and robust way to fabricate a surface with gradient topography of porous structure, in one direction, based on the breath figure (BF) method for the first time. The influencing factors including relative humidity (RH), sample immersion time, and solvent composition, affecting the speed, time, and model of the droplet growth, respectively, were investigated to control gradient BF pores with different ranges of pore sizes.

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Premature Cancer Mortality Among U.S. Counties During 1999 to 2018.

Background: This study investigated socioeconomic inequalities in premature cancer mortality by cancer types, and evaluated the associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and premature cancer mortality by cancer types.

Methods: Using multiple databases, cancer mortality was linked to SES and other county characteristics. The outcome measure was cancer mortality among adults ages 25-64 years in 3,028 U.

High-throughput hyaluronic acid hydrogel arrays for cell selective adhesion screening.

As a component of extracellular matrix (ECM), hyaluronic acid (HA) has plenty of applications in the biomedical field such as tissue engineering. Due to its non-adhesive nature, HA requires further grafting of functional molecules for cell related study. RGD and YIGSR are two kinds of cell adhesion peptides.

Retrievable inferior vena cava filter to prevent pulmonary embolism in patients with fractures and deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities: a single-center experience.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of inserting a retrievable inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) to prevent pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with bone fractures and acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) before major orthopedic surgery.

Methods: Clinical data of patients with fractures and acute DVT who underwent IVCF insertion were analyzed. The patients were divided into above-knee DVT (AKDVT), popliteal vein thrombosis (PVT), and below-knee DVT (BKDVT) groups.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid Inhibits Mutant Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth by Suppressing Hepassocin Expression and STAT3 Phosphorylation.

Background: The oncogenic Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog () mutation was reported to be the signature genetic event in most cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Hepassocin (HPS/FGL1) is involved in regulating lipid metabolism and the progression of several cancer types; however, the underlying mechanism of HPS/FGL1 in the mutant PDAC cells undergoing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) treatment remains unclear.

Methods: We measured HPS/FGL1 protein expressions in a human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPNE) normal pancreas cell line, a -wild-type PDAC cell line (BxPC-3), and -mutant PDAC cell lines (PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and SUIT-2) by Western blot methods.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cancer patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global data.

There are minimal data regarding the prevalence of cancer in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as well as the incidence of severe illness and rate of mortality in COVID-19 patients with cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched, from database inception to July 15, 2020, for studies of patients with COVID-19 that included information regarding comorbid cancer. In total, 109 eligible global studies were included in this systematic review.

Rapid build-up of high-throughput screening microarrays with biochemistry gradients via light-induced thiol-ene "click" chemistry.

Microarrays have become extremely powerful experimental tools for high-throughput screening of cell behaviors in multivariate microenvironments. Herein, a microarray-based high-throughput platform with biochemistry gradients was developed using poly(limonene carbonate) (PLimC) as a substrate through thiol-ene click chemistry. ATR-IR, XPS, Raman spectrum, and water contact angle results demonstrated that the sulfhydryl molecules, including PEG (polyethylene glycol) and RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) peptide, could be grafted onto PLimC substrates, while the grafting density could be well controlled by regulating the intensity of UV irradiation.

Rate of detection of serrated lesions at colonoscopy in an average-risk population: a meta-analysis of 129,001 individuals.

Serrated lesions are precursors of approximately one-third of colorectal cancers (CRCs). Information on their detection rate was lacking as an important reference for CRC screening. This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the overall detection rate for serrated lesions and their subtypes in average-risk populations undergoing CRC screening with colonoscopy.

Global incidence and mortality of breast cancer: a trend analysis.

This study aimed to evaluate the global incidence and mortality trends of breast cancer among females by region and age in the past decade. We retrieved country-specific incidence and mortality data from the Global Cancer Observatory up to 2018 and Cancer Incidence in Five Continents volumes I-XI, the Nordic Cancer Registries, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results, and WHO mortality database up to 2016. The temporal patterns were using Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) by joinpoint regression analysis.

The potential effectiveness of the WHO International Health Regulations capacity requirements on control of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study of 114 countries.

Objectives: We examined if the WHO International Health Regulations (IHR) capacities were associated with better COVID-19 pandemic control.

Design: Observational study.

Setting: Population-based study of 114 countries.

A global analysis of replacement of genetic variants of SARS-CoV-2 in association with containment capacity and changes in disease severity.

Objectives: To examine severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant replacement in association with containment capacity and changes in case fatality at country level.

Methods: Altogether, 69 571 full SARS-CoV-2 genomes collected globally within the first 6 months of the pandemic were examined. The correlation between variant replacement and containment capacity was examined by logistic regression models using the WHO International Health Regulation (IHR) score, the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT) and the vulnerability index INFORM as proxies, while correlation with changes in monthly crude case fatality ratios was examined by a mixed effect model.

A Global Trend Analysis of Kidney Cancer Incidence and Mortality and Their Associations with Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Kidney cancer is a major urological disease globally, with more than 400 000 new cases diagnosed every year.

Objective: To investigate incidence and mortality trends for kidney cancer and their associations with modifiable risk factors for kidney cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The most up-to-date figures on kidney cancer incidence and mortality were collected from the GLOBOCAN database and the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5).

Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine based on the health belief model: A population-based survey in Hong Kong.

Background: Vaccines for COVID-19 are anticipated to be available by 2021. Vaccine uptake rate is a crucial determinant for herd immunity. We examined factors associated with acceptance of vaccine based on (1).

The effectiveness of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of acute thromboembolic occlusions of lower extremity.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy as the initial thrombus removal method in the treatment of acute lower extremity ischemia.

Methods: The patients with acute lower limb ischemia who underwent percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy between August 2016 and February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were diagnosed by clinical examination and computed tomography angiography.