Global Incidence, Risk Factors, and Temporal Trends of Adrenal Cancer: a systematic analysis of cancer registries.

Objectives: Adrenal gland cancer (AGC) is a rare cancer with a poor prognosis. Studies on this cancer have been limited. This study, for the first time, aims to analyse the global disease burden and trends of adrenal gland cancer in country level and examine lifestyle and socioeconomic risk factors to generate hypotheses.

Measurement of the operational efficiency of tertiary public hospitals in Western China: evidence from Guangxi from 2019 to 2022.

Objective: The continuous increase in health care costs and the growing demand for health services among residents make it an urgent priority to improve the operational efficiency of the health system in Chinese society. In this study, data on the operational efficiency of tertiary public hospitals in Guangxi were analyzed to identify issues in hospital management within the context of performance assessment, which thereby enhanced the social service capacity of hospitals.

Methods: A comprehensive evaluation index system was constructed based on the "national monitoring indicators" of operational efficiency.

A Lightweight Deep Exclusion Unfolding Network for Single Image Reflection Removal.

Single Image Reflection Removal (SIRR) is a canonical blind source separation problem and refers to the issue of separating a reflection-contaminated image into a transmission and a reflection image. The core challenge lies in minimizing the commonalities among different sources. Existing deep learning approaches either neglect the significance of feature interactions or rely on heuristically designed architectures.

Genetically Engineered Stromal Cell Exosomes from High-Throughput Herringbone Microfluidics.

Stromal cell-derived exosomes have demonstrated their value in the field of biomedical engineering. However, the low production and specific requirements of different diseases limited the practical efficacy of these exosomes and restricted their wider applications. Here, we presented a method to culture genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) that overexpressed the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in microfluidics and harvest mass HGF overexpressed exosomes for wound healing.

Tas2r123-associated mitochondrial organization and neuroplasticity underlying the antidepressant effect of resveratrol.

Background: Resveratrol, a natural bitter polyphenol, exhibits significant antidepressant property. Numerous studies have linked its antidepressant effect to neuroplasticity enhancement or mitochondrial regulation. However, the interplay between these two mechanisms remains unclear.

Gait Recognition in the Wild: A Large-scale Benchmark and NAS-based Baseline.

Gait benchmarks empower the research community to train and evaluate high-performance gait recognition systems. Even though growing efforts have been devoted to cross-view recognition, academia is restricted by current existing databases captured in the controlled environment. In this paper, we contribute a new benchmark and strong baseline for Gait REcognition in the Wild (GREW).

Revisiting the Starting Age of Colorectal Cancer Screening for Average-Risk Asian Population: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background And Aims: One of the most prevalent and fatal tumors, colorectal cancer (CRC) has a significant impact on the use of healthcare services. Although Hong Kong's CRC screening program has been successful, it does not prioritize preventing early-onset colorectal cancer in people under 50. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of different starting ages for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening among an Asian population.

Integrating NLP and LLMs to discover biomarkers and mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological condition characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and aberrant behaviour. It affects millions of people globally and is one of the main causes of dementia. The neurodegenerative condition known as AD has intricate, multifaceted mechanisms that make it difficult to comprehend and identify in its early stages.

Hyperbolic multivariate feature learning in higher-order heterogeneous networks for drug-disease prediction.

New drug discovery has always been a costly, time-consuming process with a high failure rate. Repurposing existing drugs offers a valuable alternative and reduces the risks associated with developing new drugs. Various experimental methods have been employed to facilitate drug repositioning; however, associations prediction between drugs and diseases through biological experiments is both expensive and time-consuming.

6H-Intermediate Phase Enabled Slow Crystal Growth of Tin Halide Perovskites for Indoor Photovoltaics.

The rapid expansion of Big Data and Internet of Things (IoT) has driven significant advancements in indoor photovoltaics (IPVs), which provide power to wireless IoT devices. Tin halide perovskites (THPs) have garnered significant attention for IPVs due to their excellent optoelectronic properties without the environmental risks of lead exposure. However, THPs face challenges in controlling their fast crystallization process.

Dual view graph transformer networks for multi-hop knowledge graph reasoning.

To address the incompleteness of knowledge graphs, multi-hop reasoning aims to find the unknown information from existing data and enhance the comprehensive understanding. The presence of reasoning paths endows multi-hop reasoning with interpretability and traceability. Existing reinforcement learning (RL)-based multi-hop reasoning methods primarily rely on the agent's blind trial-and-error approach in a large search space, which leads to inefficient training.

Distribution, Risk Factors and Epidemiological Trends of Pancreatic Cancer Across Countries' Income Levels: A Comprehensive Analysis.

Background: Globally, pancreatic cancer poses a significant concern for public health.

Aims: The objective of this study was to assess the burden of pancreatic cancer on varying income levels.

Methods And Results: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 and Gross Domestic Product Per Capita data were utilised in this study.

The Antidepressant Effect of Resveratrol Is Related to Neuroplasticity Mediated by the ELAVL4- mRNA Pathway.

Resveratrol, a plant-derived polyphenol, exhibits significant antidepressant effects and notably enhances neuroplasticity in neurological diseases. However, whether the antidepressant function of resveratrol is related to neuroplasticity remains uncertain, and the underlying mechanisms is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of resveratrol in neuroplasticity in depression.

Dynamic Observation of Colonic Lesions, Commensal Microbiome and Mycobiome Variations in Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid -Induced Experimental Crohn's Disease in Rats.

Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the entire digestive lining. Although the pathogenesis of CD remains unclear, multiple factors especially altered microbiota are among its causes. In this study, an experimental CD model was established by TNBS-enema.

Serum KNG and FVIII may serve as potential biomarkers for depression.

Background: The global burden of major depressive disorder (MDD) is rising, with current diagnostic methods hindered by significant subjectivity and low inter-rater reliability. Several studies have implied underlying link between coagulation-related proteins, such as kininogen (KNG) and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), and depressive symptoms, offering new insights into the exploration of depression biomarkers. This study aims to elucidate the roles of KNG and FVIII in depression, potentially providing a foundational basis for biomarker research in this field.

A synthetic biology approach for identifying de-SUMOylation enzymes of substrates.

A synthetic biology approach using a robust reconstitution system in Escherichia coli enables the identification of plant ubiquitin-like proteases responsible for removing the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) post-translational modifications from specific protein substrates.

Polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan hydrogel based on deep eutectic solvent for promoting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound healing.

Bacterial-infected wounds usually lead to slow wound healing due to increased inflammation, especially wounds infected by drug-resistant bacteria, which is a serious challenge in the biomedical field. Traditional antimicrobial strategies such as antibiotics lead to a significant increase in drug-resistant strains and have limited efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multifunctional dressings with excellent antibacterial activity and promotion of wound healing.

Diverse microtubule-binding repeats regulate TPX2 activities at distinct locations within the spindle.

TPX2 is an elongated molecule containing multiple α-helical repeats. It stabilizes microtubules (MTs), promotes MT nucleation, and is essential for spindle assembly. However, the molecular basis of how TPX2 performs these functions remains elusive.

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Alleviates Bile Acid Metabolism and Hormonal Dysregulation in Letrozole-Induced PCOS Mice.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves complex genetic, metabolic, endocrine, and environmental factors. This study explores the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in a letrozole-induced PCOS mouse model, focusing on metabolic regulation. Letrozole-induced aromatase inhibition elevated androgen and reduced bile acid levels, linking liver dysfunction and gut imbalance to PCOS.

Corrigendum to 'YAP maintains cartilage stem/progenitor cell homeostasis in osteoarthritis'[Journal of Orthopaedic Translation 46 (2024) 79-90].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.

Tea tree oil nanoemulsion targets AgrA protein potentiates amoxicillin efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The excessive utilization of antibiotics gives rise to the development of bacterial resistance, the deterioration of animal immune functions, the increase in mortality rates, and the undermining of human immunity. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to explore new antimicrobial agents or alternatives to tackle bacterial resistance. We investigated tea tree oil (TTO), a pure natural plant essential oil extracted from Melaleuca leaves, which exerted efficient antibacterial activities.

Incidence, risk factors, and epidemiological trends of tracheal cancer: a global analysis.

Background: Tracheal cancer is a rare malignancy with limited research but high mortality rates. This study aims to analyse recent data to understand the global burden, trends, and risk factors for tracheal cancer, facilitating improved prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods: We conducted a study on tracheal cancer using data from the Global Cancer Observatory and the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents databases.

Repeatable and renewable synthesis of nickel-iron nitrate hydroxide needle-like arrays for water electrolysis.

A sustainable approach utilizing a low-temperature molten salt strategy is employed in this study to fabricate homogeneous and dense NiFe nitrate hydroxide needle-like arrays on a NiFe foam substrate. The electrode also achieves an ultra-low voltage of 1.77 V at 100 mA cm and maintains stability for more than 120 h at a current density of 100 mA cm, showing excellent overall water splitting (OWS) performance and stability.

Taxonomic re-evaluation of the subspecies of Hebius vibakari (Boie, 1826) (Reptilia: Serpentes: Natricidae), with new evidence from central and northern China.

Hebius vibakari (Boie, 1826), the type species of the genus Hebius, currently includes three subspecies: Hebius vibakari vibakari, endemic to Japan except for the Hokkaido region; Hebius vibakari ruthveni (Van Denburgh, 1923), found in the Korean Peninsula, northeastern China, and eastern Russia; and Hebius vibakari danjoensis (Toriba, 1986), native to the Oshima Island, Danjo Islands, Japan. However, the taxonomic status of three subspecies has not been evaluated for many years. Integrating data from previous studies and new records from central and northern China, we evaluated the systematic positions of H.

Cathepsin L of Fasciola hepatica meliorates colitis by altering the gut microbiome and inflammatory macrophages.

Helminths can relieve the development of autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases, by inducing anti-inflammatory innate immune responses. Here, we report that CL7, a Cathepsin L protein secreted by Fasciola hepatica, inhibited the activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling resulting in reduced secretion of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. Furthermore，we found that CL7 could prevent dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis (UC).