Keys to the switch of fat burning: stimuli that trigger the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) activation in adipose tissue.

As one of the main pathogenic factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the incidence of metabolic diseases such as adiposity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing annually. It is urgent and crucial to find more therapeutic targets to treat these diseases. Mainly expressed in brown adipocytes, mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is key to the thermogenesis of classical brown adipose tissue (BAT).

Microstructure Refinement via Nucleation of Intragranular Acicular Ferrite Stimulated by Ti-Containing Core-Shell Structured Particles in Low-Carbon Steel.

This study investigated the microstructure, mechanical properties, and nucleation mechanism of acicular ferrite (AF) present in hot-rolled Ti deoxidized steel. In our experiments, the impact toughness of Ti deoxidized steel is significantly increased to 144 J at -20 °C, while those Mn and Al deoxidized steels are only 9 J and 18 J, respectively. Interlocked AF is the primary microstructure of Ti deoxidized steel.

Heteronanotrimers by Selective Photodeposition of Gold Nanodots on Janus-Type Cu S/CuInS Heteronanocrystals.

This study focuses on the development of environmentally friendly Au-CuS/CuInS heteronanotrimers. The chosen strategy relies on the laser photodeposition of a single gold nanodot (ND) onto Janus Cu S/CuInS heteronanocrystals (HNCs). This method offers precise control over the number, location, and size (5 to 8 nm) of the Au NDs by adjusting laser power for the career production, concentration of hole scavenger for charge equilibration in redox reactions, and gold precursor concentration, and exposure time for the final ND size.

Sesquiterpenoids from the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia.

The genus Valeriana is used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat nervous disorders, sleep disorders, epilepsy and skin diseases. A large number of sesquiterpenoids from this genus have been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, anti-influenza virus and neuroprotective activities. In order to discover more sesquiterpenoids with structural diversity and bioactivity from Valeriana plants, fifteen sesquiterpenoids, including ten undescribed ones, valernaenes A-J (1, 5-7, 9-11 and 13-15), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Valeriana officinalis var.

Synergic Surface Modifications of PbS Quantum Dots by Sodium Acetate in Solid-State Ligand Exchange toward Short-Wave Infrared Photodetectors.

PbS quantum dots (QDs) are promising for short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetection and imaging. Solid-state ligand exchange (SSLE) is a low-fabrication-threshold QD solid fabrication method. However, QD treatment by SSLE remains challenging in seeking refined surface passivation to achieve the desired device performance.

Magnoflorine alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Magnoflorine (Mag), a natural alkaloid component originating from the Ranunculaceae Juss. Family, has a various of pharmacological activities. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanism of Mag on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) based on comprehensive approaches.

Spatiotemporal alterations in the brain oscillations of Arctic explorers.

Background: The limited understanding of the physiology and psychology of polar expedition explorers has prompted concern over the potential cognitive impairments caused by exposure to extreme environmental conditions. Prior research has demonstrated that such stressors can negatively impact cognitive function, sleep quality, and behavioral outcomes. Nevertheless, the impact of the polar environment on neuronal activity remains largely unknown.

Association between lower neutrophil-to-albumin ratio and early neurological improvement in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intravenous thrombolysis.

Elevated neutrophil counts and decreased albumin levels have been linked to an unfavorable prognosis in acute cerebral infarction (ACI). The objective of this study is to explore the correlation between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) and the early neurological improvement (ENI) of ACI patients following intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). ACI patients who underwent IVT between June 2019 and June 2023 were enrolled.

Intensive Ambulance-Delivered Blood-Pressure Reduction in Hyperacute Stroke.

Background: Treatment of acute stroke, before a distinction can be made between ischemic and hemorrhagic types, is challenging. Whether very early blood-pressure control in the ambulance improves outcomes among patients with undifferentiated acute stroke is uncertain.

Methods: We randomly assigned patients with suspected acute stroke that caused a motor deficit and with elevated systolic blood pressure (≥150 mm Hg), who were assessed in the ambulance within 2 hours after the onset of symptoms, to receive immediate treatment to lower the systolic blood pressure (target range, 130 to 140 mm Hg) (intervention group) or usual blood-pressure management (usual-care group).

Gold-Catalyzed Reactions of Enynals with Alkenes for Synthesis Binaphthyl Derivatives.

A PPhAu[B(CF)]-catalyzed reaction of enynals and alkenes for the construction of binaphthyl derivatives was described. This transformation was achieved through -Quinodimethane (-QDM) intermediate's extended conjugated addition process. The reaction has the advantages of wide substrate scopes, mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, and good scalability.

Textured Potassium Sodium Niobate Lead-Free Ceramics with High and for Meeting High-Power Applications.

Potassium sodium niobate (KNN) lead-free piezoceramics have garnered significant attention for their environmentally friendly attributes, desired piezoelectric activity (), and high Curie temperature (). However, the limited applicability of most KNN systems in high-power apparatus, including ultrasonic motors, transformers, and resonators, persists due to the inherent low mechanical quality factor (). Herein, we proposed an innovative strategy for achieving high accompanied by desirable via synergistic chemical doping and texturing in KNN piezoceramics.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease: Multiple organ occupation on CT.

One case involved a 61-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital with liver occupation, subsequently found multiple organ occupation, and was eventually pathologically identified as having immunoglobulin G4-related disease.

Iridoids and other constituents from the leaves and stems of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia.

Fifty-nine compounds, including nineteen previously undescribed iridoids (valeriananols A-S) and an undescribed alkaloid (5'-isovaleryl uridine), were isolated from the leaves and stems of Valeriana officinalis var. latifolia. Their structures were elucidated based on Mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy.

Modification of Al Surface via Acidic Treatment and its Impact on Plating and Stripping.

Amorphous Al O film that naturally exists on any Al substrate is a critical bottleneck for the cyclic performance of metallic Al in rechargeable Al batteries. The so-called electron/ion insulator Al oxide slows down the anode's activation and hinders Al plating/stripping. The Al O film induces different surface properties (roughness and microstructure) on the metal.

Spin Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes Enabled by 2D Chiral Perovskite with Spin-Dependent Carrier Transport.

Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect provides innovative approach to spintronics and quantum-based devices for chiral materials. Different from the conventional ferromagnetic devices, the application of CISS effect is potential to operate under room temperature and zero applied magnetic field. Low dimensional chiral perovskites by introducing chiral amines are beginning to show significant CISS effect for spin injection, but research on chiral perovskites is still in its infancy, especially on spin-light emitting diode (spin-LED) construction.

Editorial for the Special Issue on Quantum Dots Frontiers.

Thanks to state-of-the-art chemical and device engineering in past decades, we have witnessed more and more novel applications based on semiconductor nanocrystals: quantum dots (QDs) [...

Rhizoma: A comprehensive review of its chemical composition, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicity.

Rhizoma (ATR, in Chinese), a natural product with multiple targets in various diseases. This review provides the comprehensive summary of the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics parameters and toxicity of ATR. The results indicated that ATR possesses a wide spectrum of chemical composition, including volatile oil, terpenoids, organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, lignin, carbohydrates and so on.

Compatibility of Polygonati Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix enhance the alleviation of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation.

Jiuzhuan Huangjing Pills (JHP) composed of Polygonati Rhizoma (PR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) remedied mitochondria to cure metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, a comparison of the anti-MAFLD ability between JHP prescription and PR and ASR single-medicines in MAFLD has not been performed, and the action mechanisms and substances remain unknown. Our results show that JHP, PR and ASR decreased serum and liver lipid levels.

Solvent Modulation of Chiral Perovskite Films Enables High Circularly Polarized Luminescence Performance from Chiral Perovskite/Quantum Dot Composites.

Materials with circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) activity are promising in many chiroptoelectronics fields, such as for biological probes, asymmetric photosynthesis, information storage, spintronic devices, and so on. Promoting the value of the dissymmetry factor () for the CPL-active materials based on chiral perovskite draws increasing attention since a higher value indicates better CPL. In this work, we find that, after being treated with a facile solvent modulation strategy, the chirality of 2D chiral perovskite films has been enhanced a lot, which we attribute to an increased lattice distortion degree.

Study of the Interfacial Oxidation of InP Quantum Dots Synthesized from Tris(dimethylamino)phosphine.

InP quantum dots (QDs) are the most competitive in terms of environmentally friendly QDs. However, the synthesis of InP QDs requires breakthroughs in low-cost and safe phosphorus precursors such as tri(dimethylamino)phosphine [(DMA)P]. It is found that even if the oxygen is completely avoided, there are still oxidation state defects at the core/shell interface of InP QDs.

Covalent organic frameworks@ZIF-67 derived novel nanocomposite catalyst effectively activated peroxymonosulfate to degrade organic pollutants.

Metal organic frameworks-Covalent organic frameworks (MOFs-COFs) nanocomposites could improve the catalytic performance. Herein, a novel nanocomposite catalyst (CC@CoO) derived from MOFs-COFs (COF@ZIF-67) was prepared on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for bisphenol A (BPA) and rhodamine B (RhB) degradation. Owing to the Co species, oxygen vacancy (O), surface hydroxyl (-OH), graphite N and ketone groups (C=O), the CC@CoO exhibited higher catalytic degradation performance and total organic carbon (TOC) for BPA (93.