Therapy-induced senescent tumor cells in cancer relapse.

Cellular senescence is characterized by a generally irreversible cell cycle arrest and the secretion of bioactive factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In an oncogenic context, senescence is considered a tumor suppressive mechanism as it prevents cell proliferation and inhibits the progression from pre-malignant to malignant disease. However, recent studies have demonstrated that senescent tumor cells, which could spontaneously exist within cancer tissues or arise in response to various cancer interventions (the so-called therapy-induced senescence, TIS), can acquire pro-tumorigenic properties and are capable of driving local and metastatic relapse.

Inhibiting mitochondrial citrate shuttling induces hepatic triglyceride deposition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through lipid anabolic remodeling.

The solute carrier family 25 member 1 (Slc25a1)-dependent mitochondrial citrate shuttle is responsible for exporting citrate from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm for supporting lipid biosynthesis and protein acetylation. Previous studies on Slc25a1 concentrated on pathological models. However, the importance of Slc25a1 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis under normal nutritional conditions remains poorly understood.

Pparα activation stimulates autophagic flux through lipid catabolism-independent route.

Autophagy is a cellular process that involves the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes to degrade damaged proteins or organelles. Triglycerides are hydrolyzed by autophagy, releasing fatty acids for energy through mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Inhibited mitochondrial FAO induces autophagy, establishing a crosstalk between lipid catabolism and autophagy.

Association between blood arsenic concentration and dyslipidemia: Mediating effect of lipid peroxidation in the elderly.

Background: The earlier investigations have revealed heavy metals exposure is implicated in the pathogenesis of dyslipidemia. The goal was to evaluated the relationship of blood arsenic (As) concentration with dyslipidemia in the elderly through a cross-sectional study.

Methods: The entire 360 elderly population were selected.

Double-edged effect of sodium citrate in Nile tilapia (): Promoting lipid and protein deposition vs. causing hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.

Citrate is an essential substrate for energy metabolism that plays critical roles in regulating glucose and lipid metabolic homeostasis. However, the action of citrate in regulating nutrient metabolism in fish remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of dietary sodium citrate on growth performance and systematic energy metabolism in juvenile Nile tilapia ().

Prognostic Prediction Value and Biological Functions of Non-Apoptotic Regulated Cell Death Genes in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Objective To explore the potential biological functions and prognostic prediction values of non-apoptotic regulated cell death genes (NARCDs) in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Transcriptome data of lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. We identified differentially expressed NARCDs between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues with R software.

The occurrence of "yellowing" phenomenon and its main driving factors after the remediation of chromium (Cr)-contaminated soils: A literature review.

Chromium (Cr) is a highly toxic element, which is widely present in environment due to industrial activities. One of most applicable technique to clean up Cr pollution is chemical reduction. However, the Cr(VI) concentration in soil increases again after remediation, and meanwhile the yellow soil would appear, which is commonly called as "yellowing" phenomenon.

The Adaptive Characteristics of Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in Nile Tilapia Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Since high-fat diet (HFD) intake elevates liver cholesterol and enhanced cholesterol-bile acid flux alleviates its lipid deposition, we assumed that the promoted cholesterol-bile acid flux is an adaptive metabolism in fish when fed an HFD. The present study investigated the characteristic of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism in Nile tilapia () after feeding an HFD (13% lipid level) for four and eight weeks. Visually healthy Nile tilapia fingerlings (average weight 3.

Cobalt exposure and dyslipidemia in elderly population: the mediating role of systemic inflammation and lipid peroxidation.

Heavy metal exposure has been reported to be correlated with lipid profile alteration and dyslipidemia. While the associations between serum cobalt (Co) with lipid profile levels and risk of dyslipidemia have not been explored in elderly population, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. All eligible 420 elderly people were recruited in three communities of Hefei City in this cross-sectional study.

Serum gastrin-17 concentration for prediction of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding risk among peptic ulcer patients.

Background: Serum gastrin-17 (G-17), pepsinogen I (PGI), and pepsinogen II (PGII) concentrations regulate gastric acid secretion, and hypersecretion of gastric acid increases the risks of peptic ulcer and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. These associations suggest that serum G-17, PGI, and (or) PGII may predict gastrointestinal bleeding risk among peptic ulcer patients.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacies of serum G-17, PGI, PGII, and PGI/PGII ratio (PGR) for predicting upper gastrointestinal bleeding among peptic ulcer patients.

Mildronate triggers growth suppression and lipid accumulation in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) through disturbing lipid metabolism.

Many metabolic diseases in fish are often associated with lowered mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). However, the physiological role of mitochondrial FAO in lipid metabolism has not been verified in many carnivorous fish species, for example in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmonids). In the present study, a specific mitochondrial FAO inhibitor, mildronate (MD), was used to investigate the effects of impaired mitochondrial FAO on growth performance, health status, and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass.

Bioavailability Assessment of Heavy Metals Using Various Multi-Element Extractants in an Indigenous Zinc Smelting Contaminated Site, Southwestern China.

Despite recent studies have investigated the strong influences of smelting activities on heavy metal contamination in the soil environment, little studies have been conducted on the current information about the potential environmental risks posed by toxic heavy metals in smelting contaminated sites. In the present study, a combination of the bioavailability, speciation, and release kinetics of toxic heavy metals in the indigenous zinc smelting contaminated soil were reliably used as an effective tool to support site risk assessment. The bioavailability results revealed that the bioavailable metal concentrations were intrinsically dependent on the types of chemical extractants.

Protective effect of rosiglitazone against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury is associated with down-regulation of hepatic NADPH oxidases.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG), a synthetic PPAR-γ agonist, on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury. Male CD-1 mice were injected with APAP (300mg/kg).

Obeticholic acid protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury and inflammation.

The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays important roles in regulating bile acid homeostasis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of obeticholic acid (OCA), a novel synthetic FXR agonist, carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced acute liver injury. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with CCl (0.

[Chemical Constituents from Infructescence of Platycarya strobilacea].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the chloroform and acetic ether fractions from infructescence of Platycarya strobilacea.

Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods. Spectral analysis were taken to identify the structures.

Metastasis-Associated in Colon Cancer-1 Associates With Poor Prognosis and Promotes Cell Invasion and Angiogenesis in Human Cervical Cancer.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinicopathologic significance and potential role of metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) in the progression of cervical cancer.

Methods: MACC1 expression was examined in cervical cancer cell lines, 6 matched cervical cancer tissues, and adjacent noncancerous tissues using Western blotting and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. MACC1 protein expression and localization were determined in 181 paraffin-embedded archived cervical cancer samples using immunohistochemistry.

[Effect of glutathione on blood coagulation function].

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of glutathione (GSH) on blood coagulation. The normal plasma samples and mixed plasma samples were taken randomly, and into which the normal dose and different concentration of GSH were added. The prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) and thrombin time (TT) were detected by using coagulation method before and after treatment with GSH.

MicroRNA-30b functions as a tumour suppressor in human colorectal cancer by targeting KRAS, PIK3CD and BCL2.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the USA. MicroRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of CRC. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-30b in CRC and found that its expression was significantly lower in CRC tissues than that in normal tissues.

microRNA-224 promotes cell proliferation and tumor growth in human colorectal cancer by repressing PHLPP1 and PHLPP2.

Purpose: To investigate the clinicopathologic significance, role, and mechanism of action of microRNA-224 (miR-224) in colorectal cancer.

Experimental Design: Real-time PCR was used to quantify miR-224 expression. The association of miR-224 with the clinicopathologic features and survival was evaluated in 110 colorectal cancer patients.

[Study on chemical constituents of root bark of Discocleidion rufescens].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from root bark of Discocleidion rufescens.

Methods: Column chromatography and spectral analysis were used to isolate and identify the constituents.

Results: Ten compounds were obtained and identified from root bark of Discocleidion rufescens including beta-sitosterol (I), scopoletin (II), daucosterol (III), ricinine (IV), chrysophanol (V), aphyscion (VI), taraxerol (VII), pigenin (VIII), luteolin (IX), gallic acid (X).

The effect of TRAIL on the expression of multidrug resistant genes MDR1, LRP and GST-π in drug-resistant gastric cancer cell SGC7901/VCR.

Background/aims: To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand(TRAIL) on the expression of multidrug resistant genes MDR1, LRP and GST-n in drug-resistant gastric cancer cell strain SGC7901/VCR, and discuss a potential mechanism that reverses the multidrug resistance of gastric cancer with TRAIL as the target point.

Methodology: SGC7901/VCR cell strain was treated over 48 h with TRAIL (50, 100, 200 and 400ig/L, respectively). The expression ofMDR1, LRP, GST-r mRNA in different groups of gastric cell strains was tested by RT-PCR and the expression of P-gp, LRP and GST-n by ELISA.

[Chemical constituents of flavonoids from flowers of Koelreuteria paniculata].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from flowers of Koelreuteria paniculata.

Methods: Column chromatography and spectral analysis were used to isolate and identify the constituents.

Results: The EtOAc fraction from flowers of Koelreuteria paniculata was separated and purified.

Dragon's Blood Inhibits Chronic Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain Responses by Blocking the Synthesis and Release of Substance P in Rats.

As a traditional Chinese medicine, dragon's blood (DB) is widely used in treating various pains for thousands of years due to its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In the present study, we observed that intragastric administration of DB at dosages of 0.14, 0.