Novel immunotherapies for breast cancer: Focus on 2023 findings.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a revolutionary approach in cancer therapy, and recent advancements hold significant promise for breast cancer (BCa) management. Employing the patient's immune system to combat BCa has become a focal point in immunotherapeutic investigations. Strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell transfer (ACT), and targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have disclosed encouraging clinical outcomes.

Bispecific antibodies revolutionizing breast cancer treatment: a comprehensive overview.

Breast cancer (BCa) is known as a complex and prevalent disease requiring the development of novel anticancer therapeutic approaches. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have emerged as a favorable strategy for BCa treatment due to their unique ability to target two different antigens simultaneously. By targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) on cancer cells, engaging immune effector cells, or blocking critical signaling pathways, BsAbs offer enhanced tumor specificity and immune system involvement, improving anti-cancer activity.

Myricetin exhibits anti-glioma potential by inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration and ROS generation.

The Editors of JBUON issue an Expression of Concern to 'Myricetin exhibits anti-glioma potential by inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration and ROS generation', by Hu-Guang Li, Jun-Xia Chen, Jun-Hui Xiong, Jin-Wei Zhu, JBUON 2016;21(1):182-190; PMID:27061547. Following the publication of the above article, readers drew to our attention that part of the data was possibly unreliable. We sent emails to the authors with a request to provide the raw data to prove the originality, but received no reply.

Myricetin exhibits anti-glioma potential by inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration and ROS generation.

Purpose: To study the antiproliferative effects of myricetin in human glioma U251 cells together with assessing its effects on cell cycle, apoptosis, apoptosis-related proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell migration.

Methods: Cell viability of human glioma cells after myricetin treatment was assessed by MTT assay. Phase-contrast and confocal fluorescence microscopies were used to assess the morphological changes that occured in these cells following myricetin treatment.

Ribonuclease inhibitor up-regulation inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in murine melanoma cells through repression of angiogenin and ILK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Human ribonuclease inhibitor (RI), a cytoplasmic protein, is constructed almost entirely of leucine rich repeats. RI could suppress activities of ribonuclease and angiogenin (ANG) through closely combining with them. ANG is a potent inducer of blood vessel growth and has been implicated in the establishment, growth, and metastasis of tumors.

A novel role of ribonuclease inhibitor in regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and ILK signaling pathway in bladder cancer cells.

Human ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) is a cytoplasmic acidic protein possibly involved in biological functions other than the inhibition of RNase A and angiogenin activities. We have previously shown that RI can inhibit growth and metastasis in some cancer cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is regarded as the beginning of invasion and metastasis and has been implicated in the metastasis of bladder cancer.

Parameters optimization of supercritical fluid-CO2 extracts of frankincense using response surface methodology and its pharmacodynamics effects.

The volatile oil parts of frankincense (Boswellia carterii Birdw.) were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide under constant pressure (15, 20, or 25 MPa) and fixed temperature (40, 50, or 60°C), given time (60, 90, or 120 min) aiming at the acquisition of enriched fractions containing octyl acetate, compounds of pharmaceutical interest. A mathematical model was created by Box-Behnken design, a popular template for response surface methodology, for the extraction process.

Small interfering RNA targeting integrin-linked kinase inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), an intracellular serine/threonine kinase, is implicated in cell growth and survival, cell-cycle progression, tumor angiogenesis, and cell apoptosis. Recent studies showed that the expression and activity of ILK increased significantly in many types of solid tumors. However, the exact molecular mechanism of ILK underlie tumor has not been fully ascertained.

[Construction of let-7a expression plasmid and its inhibitory effect on k-Ras protein in A549 lung cancer cells].

Objective: To elucidate the role of let-7a-mediated gene regulation in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.

Methods: Two template DNA sequences were designed based on hsa-let-7a sequence in miRBase database. The let-7a expression construct and a control plasmid, namely pGenesil-let-7a and pGenesil-control, respectively, were generated by cloning the annealed oligonucleotides into pGenesil-1 and then transfected into A549 cells, which were selected by G418 to establish the lung cancer cell lines stably expressing let-7a-GFP and control-GFP.

The let-7a microRNA protects from growth of lung carcinoma by suppression of k-Ras and c-Myc in nude mice.

Purpose: Down-regulation of let-7 microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. k-Ras and c-Myc, two key oncogenes in lung cancer, have been found to be targeted by let-7 in vitro. However, the in vivo relevance of these findings is unknown.

Effects of Bushen Kangshuai Tang in retrieving oxidative stress-induced reproductive defects in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Objective: To explore the function of Bushen Kangshuai Tang (BKT), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in alleviating oxidative stress-induced reproductive defects in organism nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Methods: The L4-larvae were cultured with 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of BKT with the final concentration of 0.33 g/mL.

[Inducement effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on apoptosis of human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cell line EJ].

Objective: To explore the effect of Rg3 on inhibiting and inducing apoptosis of bladder cancer cells.

Method: The bladder cancer cell line EJ was treated with Rg3 of various concentrations. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay.

Antitumor effects of human ribonuclease inhibitor gene transfected on B16 melanoma cells.

Human ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) is a cytoplasmic acidic protein. The experiment demonstrated that it might effectively inhibit tumor-induced angiogenesis and inhibit tumor growth. Ribonuclease inhibitor is constructed almost entirely of leucine-rich repeats, which might be involved in unknown biological effects besides inhibiting RNase A and angiogenin activities.

[Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside-Rg3 on lung metastasis of mouse melanoma transfected with ribonuclease inhibitor].

Objective: To investigate the effect of ginsenoside-Rg3 on lung metastasis of ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) gene-transfected mouse B16 melanoma.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were iv injected with parental or RI-transfected B16 melanoma cells. Lung metastasis was assessed by the number of surface tumor nodules.

Effects of DNA methylation inhibitor on down-regulation of ribonuclease inhibitor expression in cancer cell lines.

Background & Objective: Human ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) could effectively block angiogenin-induced angiogenesis, and inhibit growth of transplant solid tumors in animals. However, its exact molecular mechanism of antitumor has not been totally ascertained. Many tumor suppressor genes occur loss of expression by aberrant methylation in promoter region.

[Preparation and purification of the antibody against ribonuclease inhibitor].

Aim: To prepare and purify the antibody against ribonuclease inhibitor(RI).

Methods: RI was extracted from human placenta and purified by affinity chromatography. Rabbits anti-RI antibody was obtained after immunization and then purified through rProtein A Sepharose Fast Flow chromatography column.