Intestinal microbiota-mediated serum pharmacochemistry reveals hepatoprotective metabolites of Platycodonis Radix against APAP-induced liver injury.

The urgent need for new medications that regulate CYP2E1, CASP3, Nrf2, HO-1, TLR2, TLR4, STAT3, and NF-κB activities is paramount for the treatment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), particularly from acetaminophen (APAP). Previous studies have suggested that platycosides of Platycodonis Radix exhibits hepatoprotective properties against APAP-induced liver injury (AILI), and their serum metabolites may be the effective agents. As the identify the serum metabolites of platycosides is a huge challenge, the mechanism whether platycosides exert effects through the serum metabolites regulating those targets still remain unclear.

The activities and mechanisms of intestinal microbiota metabolites of TCM herbal ingredients could be illustrated by a strategy integrating spectrum-effects, network pharmacology, metabolomics and molecular docking analysis: Platycodin D as an example.

Background: The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in understanding the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as it could transform the herbal ingredients to metabolites with higher bioavailability and activity comparing to their prototypes. Nevertheless, the study of the activity and mechanism of microbiota metabolites reported by the published literature still lacks viable ways. Hence a new strategy is proposed to solve this issue.

Sub-region analysis of DMD gene in cases with idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Gene sub-region encoded protein domain is the basic unit for protein structure and function. The DMD gene is the largest coding gene in humans, with its phenotype relevant to idiopathic generalized epilepsy. We hypothesized variants clustered in sub-regions of idiopathic generalized epilepsy genes and investigated the relationship between the DMD gene and idiopathic generalized epilepsy.

Anti-inflammatory constituents isolated from the flowers of suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

(Lam.) Aschers flower is traditionally used in China as an important herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disease. The present study isolated one new compound, namely (3)-dihydrobonducellin (1), and five known ones, -hydroxycinnamic acid (2), paprazine (3), thymidine (4), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (5), and dibutyl phthalate (6) from flowers.

Immunoglobulin G4-related kidney disease involving the renal pelvis and perirenal fat: A case report.

Background: Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an autoimmune disease associated with chronic and progressive inflammation and fibrosis. It is difficult to differentiate IgG4-RD involving the kidney from infectious diseases and malignancy on imaging.

Case Summary: We report the case of a 51-year-old Chinese man whose abdominal computed tomography scan showed diffuse bilateral enlargement of the kidneys and perirenal fat, thickening of the renal pelvic walls, and hydronephrosis of the right kidney.

The chemical profiling of aqueous soluble fraction from Lagopsis supina and its diuretic effects via suppression of AQP and RAAS pathways in saline-loaded rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lagopsis supina (Steph.) Ik. -Gal.

Acute toxicity of Potentilla anserina L. extract in mice.

Potentilla anserina L. is not only a medicinal plant, but also a traditional cuisine. Hence, an acute toxicity study was performed to confirm its safety profile.

(Lam.) Aschers (Yuzan): an overview on its botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, quality control and pharmacology.

(Lam.) Aschers, as a traditional folk medicine, has been widely used both as a single herb and in prescriptions in Asia mainly due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. A total of 101 compounds including steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and others have been isolated from .

[A new antioxidant flavonoid glycoside from flowers of Hosta plantaginea].

Phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Hosta plantaginea led to isolate of one new flavonoid glycoside,plantanone C( 1) by silica gel,Sephadex LH-20,and RP-HPLC column chromatographies. Its structure was extensively determined on basis of HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Compound 1 exhibited moderate antioxidant activity against DPPH radical scavenging activity,with an IC50 value of 240.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of flavonoids from the flowers of .

was a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used to treat inflammation-related diseases with little scientific validation. Twelve flavonoids, including two new compounds namely plantanones A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the flowers of . Their structures were elucidated by NMR and HRMS as well as comparison with literature data.

[Zinner syndrome:A case report and review of the literature].

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of seminal vesicle cyst (SVC) associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis (Zinner syndrome) in order to promote the understanding of the disease.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 1 case ofZinner syndrome diagnosed and treated in our hospital and reviewed the literature related to this disease in domestic and foreign authoritative databases.

Results: The patient was a 23-year-old male, diagnosed with Zinner syndrome, treated bytransrectal aspiration of SVC, and discharged from hospital 3 days postoperatively.

New Isocoumarins and Related Metabolites from Talaromyces flavus.

Two new isocoumarin derivatives, talaisocoumarins A (1) and B (2), and three new related metabolites, talaflavuols A-C (3-5) were isolated from the wetland soil-derived fungus Talaromyces flavus BYD07-13. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic (NMR) and MS analyses. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by CD and an Rh2(OCOCF3)4-induced CD method.

[Analysis of varieties and standards of Leguminosae plants used in Tibetan medicine].

In this paper, the domestic varieties and quality standard of Leguminosae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 36 genera and 142 species (including varieties), as well as 64 medicinal materials varieties of Leguminosae plants were recorded in relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards and literatures, there are great differences in varieties, sources, used parts, and efficacy of medicinal plants.

[Analysis of varieties and standards of Scrophulariaceae plants used in Tibetan medicine].

In this paper, the popular domestic varieties and quality standard of Scrophulariaceae plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 11 genera and 99 species (including varieties), as well as 28 medicinal materials varieties of Scrophulariaceae plants were recorded in the relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards arid literatures, there are great differences in varieties, sources, parts, and efficacies of medicinal plant.

[Traightened on Chinese endemic seed plant species of medicine plants used in Tibetan medicine].

This paper is in order to discussion with the composition and characteristics of Tibetan medicine plant resources, and promote the reasonable protection and utilization of the resources of Tibetan materia medica. Statistical analysis of species, distributions, and others of Chinese endemic seed plant from Tibetan medicine plants and usually used in the clinic of Tibetan medicine. The results showed that there are 523 species (25%) of Chinese endemic seed plant, belonging to 65 families and 162 genera, in about 2 000 varieties of Tibetan medicine plants recorded in relevant literatures.

[Two new polyesters from wetland soil-derived fungus Talaromyces flavus].

Two new polyesters, talapolyesters G-H (1-2) were isolated from the wetland soil-derived fungus Talaromyces flavus BYD07-13, and their structures were determined by NMR and MS spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of the residues were determined by alkaline hydrolysis. The cytotoxicity against five tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7 and SW480) of 1-2 was examined.

[Analysis of varieties and standards of labiatae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine].

In this paper, an analysis was made on the varieties and standards of labiatae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine. The results showed 71 species of labiatae plants in 21 genera (including varieties) recorded in relevant literatures, involving 44 varieties of medicinal materials. Specifically, seven species (9.

Two new coumarins from Talaromyces flavus.

Two new coumarins, talacoumarins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the wetland soil-derived fungus Talaromyces flavus BYD07-13. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data (NMR, MS) analyses. The absolute configuration of C-12 in 1 was assigned using the modified Mosher's method, whereas that of C-12 in 2 was deduced via the circular dichroism data of its corresponding [Rh2(OCOCF3)4] complex.

Talaflavuterpenoid A, a new nardosinane-type sesquiterpene from Talaromyces flavus.

Talaflavuterpenoid A (1), a new nardosinane-type sesquiterpene, was isolated from the wetland soil-derived fungus Talaromyces flavus BYD07-13, and its structure was elucidated on the basis of HR-MS, NMR, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by comparing the experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum with the calculated ECD spectra. Its cytotoxic effects on five human tumor cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480), and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger were evaluated.

Heptaketides with antiviral activity from three endolichenic fungal strains Nigrospora sp., Alternaria sp. and Phialophora sp.

Two new heptaketides, (+)-(2S,3S,4aS)-altenuene (1a) and (-)-(2S,3S,4aR)-isoaltenuene (2a), together with six known compounds, (-)-(2R,3R,4aR)-altenuene (1b), (+)-(2R,3R,4aS)-isoaltenuene (2b), 5'-methoxy-6-methyl-biphenyl-3,4,3'-triol (3), alternariol (4), alternariol-9-methyl ether (5), and 4-hydroxyalternariol-9-methyl ether (6) were isolated from the EtOAc extract of an endolichenic fungal strain Nigrospora sphaerica (No.83-1-1-2). Compounds 1a and 1b were separated from enantiomers 1 by chiral HPLC, and so were 2a and 2b from enantiomers 2.