Difference of anterior and posterior orbital development in patients with congenital microphthalmia: a retrospective cohort study from China.

Aim: To evaluate volume differences between anterior and posterior orbit and demographic characteristics of Chinese patients with congenital microphthalmia.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study, involving 169 unilateral congenital microphthalmia patients aged between 1 and 57 years old was conducted. Three-dimensional images of the orbit were generated from past CT scans, and digital orbital volume comprehensive measurement was done.

Congenital Monocular Strabismus Fixus.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of the extraocular muscle and ocular motor nerves in congenital monocular strabismus fixus.

Methods: The retrospective observational case series of three patients with congenital monocular strabismus fixus were reviewed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2016. Ophthalmologic examination and thin-sectioned MRI of the ocular motor nerve and the orbit were performed on the three patients.

The Combination of Anatomy and Genioglossus Activity in Predicting the Outcomes of Velopharyngeal Surgery.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the combination of genioglossus (GG) activity and anatomical characteristics in predicting outcomes of velopharyngeal surgery in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study Design Case series with planned data collection. Setting Sleep medical center.

Clinical and histopathological features of adenomas of the ciliary pigment epithelium.

Purpose: Adenomas of the ciliary pigment epithelium (CPE) are rare benign tumours which have mainly to be differentiated from malignant ciliary body melanomas. Here we report on a consecutive series of patients with CPE adenomas and describe their characteristics.

Methods: The retrospective hospital-based case series study included all patients who were consecutively operated for CPE adenomas.

Role of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging parameters in the evaluation of treatment response in malignant tumors.

Objective: To elaborate the role of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters in the evaluation of treatment response in malignant tumors.

Data Sources: Data cited in this review were obtained mainly from PubMed in English from 1999 to 2014, with keywords "dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI," "diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)," "microcirculation," "apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)," "treatment response" and "oncology."

Study Selection: Articles regarding principles of DCE-MRI, principles of DWI, clinical applications as well as opportunity and aspiration were identified, retrieved and reviewed.

Improved performance in differentiating benign from malignant sinonasal tumors using diffusion-weighted combined with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Differentiating benign from malignant sinonsal lesions is essential for treatment planning as well as determining the patient's prognosis, but the differentiation is often difficult in clinical practice. The study aimed to determine whether the combination of diffusion-weighted (DW) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can improve the performance in differentiating benign from malignant sinonasal tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study included 197 consecutive patients with sinonasal tumors (116 malignant tumors and 81 benign tumors).

[Role of computed tomographic angiography in the evaluations of dural arteriovenous fistulas with pulsatile tinnitus as initial symptom].

Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of computed tomographic angiography ( CTA) for dural arteriovenous fistulas ( DAVFs) in patients presenting with pulsatile tinnitus( PT).

Methods: The clinical and imaging data were collected for all patients undergoing CTA for PT from 2008 to 2012. Nine PT patients with DAVFs confirmed by digital subtraction angiography ( DSA) and 9 age and gender-matched control PT patients without DAVFs were selected.

[Value of temporal bone dual phase contrast enhancement computed tomography in diagnosing causes of pulsatile tinnitus].

Objective: To evaluate the value of temporal bone dual phase contrast enhancement computed tomography (DPCT) in diagnosing the causes of pulsatile tinnitus (PT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the DPCT findings of 157 patients with unilateral PT. Temporal bone High-resolution CT (HRCT) was performed in 71 patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 80 and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in 89.

Clinical characteristics of pulsatile tinnitus caused by sigmoid sinus diverticulum and wall dehiscence: a study of 54 patients.

Conclusions: CT angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) are valuable tools in imaging work-ups for the diagnosis of sigmoid sinus diverticulum (SSD) and sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD). The development of pulsatile tinnitus (PT) resulting from SSD and SSWD may be associated with the dominance of venous systems.

Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of PT caused by SSD and SSWD.

Magnetic resonance imaging findings in sporadic Möbius syndrome.

Background: Although neuroradiological findings of Möbius syndrome have been reported as a result of brain and brainstem abnormalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) now permits the direct imaging of the cranial nerve (CN) and branches in the orbits. This study presents the MRI findings in patients with sporadic Möbius syndrome.

Methods: Prospectively, CNs were imaged in the cistern using head coils and three dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (3D-FIESTA), yielding a 0.

[Magnetic resonance imaging findings of orbital disease in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients].

Objective: To explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with orbital involvement.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the MRI findings of orbital abnormalities in 80 NF1 patients (86 orbits). The diagnosis was confirmed by the updated National Institute of Health (NIH) criteria.

Characteristic findings of malignant melanoma in the sinonasal cavity on magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Malignant sinonasal melanoma (MSM) is a rare tumor with a perplexing signal intensity due to variable histopathologic components. This study was undertaken to delineate its MR imaging features.

Methods: MR imaging findings of 10 patients (6 women and 4 men, mean age 61.

[Age-related changes of normal adult inferior rectus muscle:analysis with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging].

Objective: To explore the age-related changes of blood supply and extracellular space volume in normal adult inferior rectus muscle, evaluate the microcirculation in extraocular muscle and offer important information for the diagnosis and treatment of extraocular muscle disorders.

Methods: A total of 250 patients undergoing nose-sinus dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were studied. Five groups were divided according to age (20 - 30 yr old, 30 - 40 yr old, 40 - 50 yr old, 50 - 60 yr old and over 60 yr old).

Detection of 100% oxygen induced changes in retina using magnetic resonance imaging: a human study.

Background: Inner retinal oxygenation response (ΔPO(2)) is a worldwide study focus. However, the relevant reports on its radiological measurements are limited. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), employing T1 weighted image (T1WI), was used to detect changes in ΔPO(2) following 100% oxygen inhalation in human subjects.

[Study of variations in adult sphenoid sinus by multislice spiral computed tomography].

Objective: Explore the anatomic variations of adult sphenoid sinus and delineate the precise relationship between sphenoid sinus and adjacent structures.

Methods: Using multi planner reformation (MPR), the images of 260 spiral computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed through a doctor station.

Results: The sphenoid was divided into 6 types: no development, conchal, pre-sellar, half-sellar, full-sellar and post-sellar.

[Comparison of sensitivity of audiological tests to identify otitis media with effusion in newborn infants].

Objective: To investigate the sensitive factors which were used in routine audiological tests to find out otitis media with effusion (OME) in newborn infants.

Methods: Subjects of this study were 48 infants, including 31 males and 17 females, who failed in the universal newborn hearing screening. The age ranged from 1.

[Endoscopic transpterygoid intervention of meningoencephalocele within lateral recess of sphenoid].

Objective: To report the results of endoscopic transpterygoid intervention of nine patients with meningoencephalocele and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks within lateral recess of sphenoid sinus (LRSS). The diagnosis, operative techniques and their related problems were discussed.

Methods: Nine hospitalized patients with meningoencephalocele and CSF leaks within lateral recess of sphenoid sinus (LRSS) were included in this paper.

[Spiral computed tomographic analysis of frontal recess regions].

Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of frontal recess cells in Chinese patients who did not have frontal sinus disease related symptoms.

Methods: Forty-nine Chinese patients without frontal sinus disease symptoms were undergone spiral computed tomography (CT). Then multiplanar reconstruction images were evaluated using a standard triplanar reconstruction protocol on a computer workstation.

[Characteristics of computed tomography of allergic fungal sinusitis].

Objective: To sum up the characteristics of computed tomography of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) and to compare the CT changes with the findings in the operation. The diagnostic role of CT scan was discussed.

Methods: The CT scans of 21 patients diagnosed as AFS were analyzed.

[Anatomical and computed tomographic analysis of the interaction between uncinate process and agger nasi cells].

Objective: To investigate the anatomical interaction between uncinate process and agger nasi cell to better understand the anatomy of the frontal sinus drainage pathway by endoscopy, spiral computed tomography (CT) and sectioning.

Methods: Twenty-one skeletal skulls (forty-two sides) and one cadaver head (two sides) were studied by spiral CT together with endoscopy and collodion embedded thin sectioning at coronal plane. The sections with the thickness of 100 microm were stained with hemotoxylin and eosin.