Suppressive stroma-immune prognostic signature impedes immunotherapy in ovarian cancer and can be reversed by PDGFRB inhibitors.

Background: As the most lethal gynecologic cancer, ovarian cancer (OV) holds the potential of being immunotherapy-responsive. However, only modest therapeutic effects have been achieved by immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade. This study aims to propose a generalized stroma-immune prognostic signature (SIPS) to identify OV patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.

Loss of HRD functional phenotype impedes immunotherapy and can be reversed by HDAC inhibitor in ovarian cancer.

In recent years, homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) has not achieved the expected substantial promotion of immunotherapeutic efficacy in ovarian cancer. This study aims to explore the role of HRD functional phenotype as a powerful biomarker in identifying HRD patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. HRD functional phenotype, namely HRD-EXCUTE, was defined as the average level of the 15 hub genes upregulated in HRD ovarian cancer.

Phase I study of adjuvant immunotherapy with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in locally advanced cervical cancer.

BACKGROUNDAdoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has achieved remarkable clinical efficacy in metastatic cancers such as melanoma and cervical cancer (CC). Here, we explored the safety, feasibility, and preliminary tumor response and performed translational investigations of adjuvant immunotherapy using infusion of autogenous TILs (auto-TILs) following concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with CC who had locally advanced disease.METHODSTwenty-seven patients with CC with stage III-IV disease were recruited in this single-center, phase I study.

Fis1 phosphorylation by Met promotes mitochondrial fission and hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis.

Met tyrosine kinase, a receptor for a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), plays a critical role in tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Mitochondria are highly dynamic and undergo fission and fusion to maintain a functional mitochondrial network. Dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics are responsible for the progression and metastasis of many cancers.

A Comparison of the Clinical Effectiveness Between Low-Dose Strong Opioids and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in the Treatment of Mild Cancer Pain: A Randomized Trial.

Objective: The present study aims to explore the effectiveness and safety of low-dose strong opioids compared with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the treatment of mild cancer pain.

Methods: From September 2016 to September 2018, 66 patients with a malignant tumor and mild cancer pain admitted to the Department of Oncology of Dalian Fifth People's Hospital were divided into the group A (treated with ibuprofen sustained-release tablets for pain relief) and the group B (treated with oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets for pain relief). After 7 days of treatment, the pain relief (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS]), physical strength, quality of life scores (Zubrod/ECOG/WHO [ZPS]), the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System [ESAS], and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core15-Palliative [EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL] scores), and the occurrence of adverse reactions between the two groups were compared.

CUL3 (cullin 3)-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of BECN1 (beclin 1) inhibit autophagy and promote tumor progression.

Macroautophagy/autophagy plays an important role during the development of human cancer. BECN1 (beclin 1), a core player in autophagy regulation, is downregulated in many kinds of malignancy. The underlying mechanism, however, has not been fully illuminated.

Effectiveness of Sequential Chemoradiation vs Concurrent Chemoradiation or Radiation Alone in Adjuvant Treatment After Hysterectomy for Cervical Cancer: The STARS Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: There is no current consensus on the role of chemotherapy in addition to radiation for postoperative adjuvant treatment of patients with early-stage cervical cancer with adverse pathological factors.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical benefits of sequential chemoradiation (SCRT) and concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) compared with radiation alone (RT) as a postoperative adjuvant treatment in early-stage cervical cancer.

Design, Setting, And Participants: After radical hysterectomy at 1 of 8 participating hospitals in China, patients with FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage IB to IIA cervical cancer with adverse pathological factors were randomized 1:1:1 to receive adjuvant RT, CCRT, or SCRT.

Gender Differences in Factors Associated with Clinically Meaningful Weight Loss among Adults Who Were Overweight or Obese: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Objectives: The impact of heterogeneity on gender difference for achieving clinically meaningful weight loss (cmWL) remains unclear. Here, we explored the potential gender differences in factors associated with cmWL.

Methods: A total of 60,668 participants with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 at study entry and available BMI values at follow-up were included in this study.

MAPK1/3 kinase-dependent ULK1 degradation attenuates mitophagy and promotes breast cancer bone metastasis.

The function of mitophagy in cancer is controversial. ULK1 is critical for induction of macroautophagy/autophagy and has a more specific role in mitophagy in response to hypoxia. Here, we show that ULK1 deficiency induces an invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells under hypoxia and increases osteolytic bone metastasis.

Apatinib combined with oral etoposide in patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer (AEROC): a phase 2, single-arm, prospective study.

Background: Anti-angiogenic therapy combined with chemotherapy could improve the outcomes of patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Apatinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits VEGF receptor 2. We assessed the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of apatinib and oral etoposide, considering the potential advantage of home administration without hospital admission, in patients with platinum-resistant or platinum-refractory ovarian cancer.

A novel nomogram based on LODDS to predict the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: To develop and validate a nomogram based on log of odds between the number of positive lymph node and the number of negative lymph node (LODDS) in predicting the overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 10,692 post-operative EOC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2013 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and randomly divided into training (n = 7,021) and validation (n = 3,671) cohorts. Multiple clinical pathological parameters were assessed and compared with outcomes.

[Umbilicus metastasis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer : clinical features of 21 patients].

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, treatments and prognosis of patients with Sister Mary Joseph's nodule of umbilicus (SMJN) from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients.

Methods: Among a total of 2642 pathologically diagnosed EOC cases, 21 cases with SMJN were histopathologically diagnosed and had an age range of 40-66 years at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1991 and January 2011. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.

Clinicopathological and molecular markers associated with prognosis and treatment effectiveness of endometrial stromal sarcoma: a retrospective study in China.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinicopathological and immunophenotypic characteristics of endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) in China.

Methods And Materials: Seventy-two consecutive ESS cases treated between 1995 and 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Sixty-three patients received surgical treatment.

Expression of c-Src and phospho-Src in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.

Abnormal c-Src expression and activation has been observed in a number of tumors. To determine the therapeutic potential of Src inhibitors for ovarian cancer patients, this study aimed to explore the expression patterns of c-Src and phospho-Src in epithelial ovarian cancer. A total of 82 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1999 to December 2005 were enrolled along with 25 patients with benign ovarian lesions; 20 normal ovarian tissues served as controls.

A heptamethine cyanine-based colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for the selective detection of Ag+ in an aqueous medium.

A highly selective and sensitive ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for Ag(+) in aqueous solution was developed, in a linear range of 0.6 × 10(-7) to 50 × 10(-7) mol L(-1), based on a A-Ag(+)-A binding mode with a heptamethine cyanine motif containing one adenine moiety.

A clinicopathological aspect of primary small-cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a single-centre study of 25 cases.

Aims: Small-cell carcinoma is a variant of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. Primary small-cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCCC) is recognised as a rare and aggressive malignant tumour with poor prognosis. In this study, the authors report 25 Chinese cases of SCCC, with a particular focus on their clinical and pathological characteristics.

Type II radical hysterectomy and adjuvant therapy for pelvic lymph node metastasis with stage IB-IIB cervical carcinoma: a retrospective study of 288 patients.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate type II radical hysterectomy with or without adjuvant therapy as a treatment for patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) and stage IB-IIB cervical carcinoma.

Methods: A total of 288 patients with stage IB-IIB cervical carcinoma and confirmed PLNM who underwent a type II radical hysterectomy between 1995 and 2005 were retrospectively evaluated.

Results: The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for this cohort was 65.

[Clinical analysis of 12 cases of ovarian carcinosarcoma].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical pathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of ovarian carcinosarcoma.

Methods: The clinical, pathological and follow-up data of 12 cases of ovarian carcinosarcoma treated in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from May, 2002 to May, 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: The 12 patients with ovarian carcinosarcoma had a median age of 55 years at diagnosis, among whom 10 were postmenopausal women.

Clinical significance of combined examination of pretreatment serum CYFRA21-1 and SCCAg in cervical cancer patients.

Background And Objective: Cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) can be used for the quantitative examination of fragment of cytokeratin 19, and is a valuable tumor marker in various malignancies. This study was to investigate the significance of pretreatment serum CYFRA21-1 and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) in diagnosis and their correlations to the clinicopathologic features of cervical carcinoma.

Methods: One hundred cervical carcinoma patients underwent pretreatment serum CYFRA21-1 and SCCAg evaluation; 20 healthy women were subjected as control.

[Clinical analysis of 12 cases of uterine carcinosarcoma].

Background & Objective: Uterine carcinosarcoma, also known as malignant mixed mullerian tumors, is an uncommon neoplasm that carries a poor prognosis. This study was to analyze the clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease.

Methods: Clinical data of 12 uterine carcinosarcoma patients, diagnosed in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University from 1978 to 2004, were analyzed.

[Diagnostic value of multiple tumor marker detection for mature and immature teratoma of the ovary].

Background & Objective: It is difficult to differentially diagnose mature cystic teratoma (MCT) and immature teratoma (IT) of the ovary before operation. This study was to evaluate the value of multiple tumor marker detection in differential diagnosis of ovarian MCT and IT.

Methods: Clinical data of 272 patients with ovarian teratoma, diagnosed pathologically and treated at Cancer Center of Sun Yat-Sen University from Jan.

[Predictive value of in vitro MTT assay chemosensitivity test of cytotoxic drug activity in cervical cancer].

Background & Objective: In recent years, the neoadjuvant chemotherapy for cervical cancer has evoked more and more attention and has been used widely. But the chemosensitivity of individuals to various antitumor drugs is different. This study was to investigate the chemosensitivity of cervical cancer cells to antitumor drugs using in vitro MTT assay chemosensitivity test.

[How to increase the optimal rate of secondary cytoreductive surgery in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer].

Background & Objective: Optimal secondary cytoreduction is of prognostic importance for recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. To increase the optimal rate of secondary cytoreductive surgery in these patients is helpful for improving the prognosis of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer patients. In this retrospective study, we investigated how to increase the optimal rate of secondary cytoreductive surgery in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

[Human papillomavirus infection and other risk factors for cervical cancer in Chinese and Australian patients].

Objective: To investigate the infection rate and genotypes of HPV in cervical cancer and analyse the clinicopathological characteristics and risk factors for cervical cancer with HPV infection in Chinese and Australian patients.

Methods: The human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in cervical cancer specimens from 115 Chinese women and 79 Australian women was detected by polymerase chain reaction.HPV types were determined by sequencing and reverse hybridization.

[Clinical analysis of 57 patients with ovarian dysgerminoma].

Background & Objective: Ovarian dysgerminoma is an uncommen ovarian malignancy. Its clinical features are special and there are many factors influencing the prognosis. If treated properly, the patient can be cured.