Benefits and Risks of Bariatric Surgery on Women's Reproductive Health: a Narrative Review.

Bariatric surgery (BS) is escalating as the most efficient and endurable therapy for severe obesity. Women's reproductive health is essential to women's quality of life and is receiving increasing attention. However, despite the high prevalence of BS among women, the effect of BS on reproductive health remains underemphasis.

Perception and Practice of Bariatric Surgery and Reproductive Health in Women: a Cross-sectional Study of Chinese Bariatric Surgeons.

Background And Purpose: Western studies have explored bariatric surgeons concerning their views on bariatric surgery (BS) and reproductive health, but Asian data were lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the perception and practice of bariatric surgeons on the reproductive health of female patients who underwent BS in China to better guide clinical practice and improve clinical outcomes.

Method: An online questionnaire of 31 questions developed by bariatric surgeons was collected by sending to one online communication group (WeChat group) whose members are Chinese bariatric surgeons.

Evaluation of Six Noninvasive Methods for the Detection of Fibrosis in Chinese Patients with Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Purpose: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in the world, and liver fibrosis has been proven to be associated with liver disease related events and total mortality. Several noninvasive methods have been developed, but whether those methods are suitable for the detection of fibrosis in Chinese patients with obesity and NAFLD has not been completely elucidated. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (APRI), modified aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index (m-APRI), BARD (BARD (BMI (body mass index) > 28 = 1 point, AAR (aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase) > 0.

Visualization of Enantiorecognition and Resolution by Chiral AIEgens.

Enantioselective recognition and separation have attracted much attention in pharmaceutical analysis, food chemistry, and life science. Herein, we propose an efficient strategy to achieve such purposes using optically active luminogens with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics. These AIE luminogens (AIEgens) show strong enantiomeric discrimination for 12 kinds of chiral acids and unprotected amino acids.

Chiral assembly of organic luminogens with aggregation-induced emission.

Chirality is important to chemistry, biology and optoelectronic materials. The study on chirality has lasted for more than 170 years since its discovery. Recently, chiral materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have attracted increasing interest because of their fascinating photophysical properties.

Enantioselective recognition of chiral acids by supramolecular interactions with chiral AIEgens.

Novel chiral AIEgens bearing optically pure amino groups were synthesized and showed excellent discrimination for a series of chiral acidic compounds and amino acids. Interestingly, after supramolecular assembly with 4-sulfocalix[4]arene, the obtained complexes showed enhanced enantioselectivity for chiral acids.

[Construction and application of a new index for quantifying root erosion resistance: Root framework erosion resistance index].

The matching of root system is a key factor driving the resistance of plant community to soil erosion. In this study, Amoeba graphical method was used to establish a root framework erosion resistance index (ERI, %) from three dimensions of root morphology, quantity and spatial concerns to quantify the effective of root erosion resistance by plant community. We analyzed root growth characteristics of plant community from abandoned land, and communities in loess hilly area.

Nickel-catalyzed Suzuki Coupling of Cycloalkyl Silyl Peroxides with Boronic Acids.

A nickel-catalyzed Suzuki alkyl-aryl coupling of cycloalkyl silyl peroxides with boronic acids is reported. The primary and secondary ketoalkyl electrophiles generated through C-C bond cleavage were amenable, providing rapid access to a variety of distal arylated alkyl ketones. A radical pathway is proposed for this reaction.

Iron-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Olefination of Unstrained Carbon-Carbon Bonds Relying on Alkoxyl Radical Induced Cascade.

An iron-catalyzed decarboxylative olefination of unstrained carbon-carbon bonds via alkoxyl radical induced C-C bond cleavage is presented. This protocol features mild conditions (room temperature, redox-neutral), good substrate scope and functional group compatibility, as well as excellent stereoselectivity, thus providing a facile access to the distal alkenyl ketones.

Ni-Catalyzed Redox-Neutral Ring-Opening/Radical Addition/Ring-Closing Cascade of Cycloketone Oxime Esters and Vinyl Azides.

A nickel-catalyzed iminyl radical-triggered C-C bond cleavage/radical addition/cyclization cascade of oxime esters and vinyl azides is described. This protocol enables rapid access to the cyanoalkylated 3,4-dihydro-2 H-pyrroles and phenanthridines in good yields via adjustment of the substrate's properties. Moreover, these reactions proceed under mild and redox-neutral conditions with a board substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance.

Transition-metal free C-C bond cleavage/borylation of cycloketone oxime esters.

An efficient transition-metal free C-C bond cleavage/borylation of cycloketone oxime esters has been described. In this reaction, the B(OH) reagent not only served as the boron source but also acted as an electron donor source through formation of a complex with a DMAc-like Lewis base. This complex could be used as an efficient single electron reductant in other ring-opening transformations of cycloketone oxime esters.

[Effects of consecutive application of composted sewage sludge on active organic nitrogen fractions in the sandy fluvo-aquic soil.].

A field experiment was conducted with sandy fluvo-aquic soil under wheat-maize rotation system during 2012 to 2016 in Henan Province, with four treatments: Chemical fertilizer (CK), composted sewage sludge (CS) 15 t·hm(CS), 30 t·hm(CS), 45 t·hm(CS). We investigated the effects of CS on soil active organic nitrogen and its allocation ratio. Results showed that CS significantly enhanced soil water content, decreased soil pH, increased contents of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen (TN) and available nutrients.

Redox-Neutral Cyanoalkylation/Cyclization of Olefinic 1,3-Dicarbonyls with Cycloketone Oxime Esters: Access to Cyanoalkylated Dihydrofurans.

Metal-catalyzed cyanoalkylation/cyclization of olefinic 1,3-dicarbonyls with cycloketone oxime esters has been developed under redox-neutral conditions. This protocol provided a straightforward approach to diverse cyanoalkylated 2,3-dihydrofurans via a tandem ring-opening/addition/cyclization process.

Metal-Free, Visible-Light-Promoted Decarboxylative Radical Cyclization of Vinyl Azides with N-Acyloxyphthalimides.

A visible-light-mediated decarboxylative cyclization of N-acyloxylphthalimides with vinyl azides has been developed under metal-free conditions. This protocol features mild conditions, a broad substrate scope, and an excellent functional group tolerance, thus providing a facile and efficient access to substituted phenanthridines. Control experiments revealed that the reaction proceeded via a radical process.

Visible-Light-Mediated Dual Decarboxylative Coupling of Redox-Active Esters with α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids.

An efficient visible-light-induced decarboxylative coupling between α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids and alkyl N-hydroxyphthalimide esters has been developed. A wide range of redox-active esters derived from aliphatic carboxylic acids (1°, 2° and 3°) proved viable in this dual decarboxylation process, affording a broad scope of substituted alkenes in moderate to excellent yields with good E/Z selectivities. This redox-neutral procedure was highlighted by its mild conditions, operational simplicity, easy accessibility of carboxylic acids, and excellent functional-group tolerance.

Copper-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of vinyl azides with benzylic C-H bonds for the synthesis of substituted phenanthridines.

A copper-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of vinyl azides with benzylic C-H bonds via a tandem dual C-H functionalization process has been developed. This procedure allows access to substituted phenanthridines containing a variety of functional groups. In addition to benzyl hydrocarbons, other substrates containing unactivated C-H bonds, such as ethers and alkanes could also be applied successfully to this transformation.

[Effects of Different Organic Materials on Bio-availability of Cd, Pb in a Contaminated Greenhouse Soil].

A two-season soil culture experiment was continually conducted to study the effects of three organic materials,namely Danty, Peat and Biochar,respectively,on combined forms and bio-availability of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) under Cd and Pb in single and combined pollution during 2014-2015. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for remediating greenhouse soil contaminated with heavy metals Cd and Pb using organic materials. The main results were as follows: the content of DTPA-Cd decreased significantly by 11.

Health risk to residents and stimulation to inherent bacteria of various heavy metals in soil.

The toxicities and effects of various metals and metalloids would be misunderstood by health risks based on their concentrations, when their effects on bacterial and ecological functions in soil are disregarded. This study investigated the concentrations and health risks of heavy metals, soil properties, and bacterial 16S rRNA gene in soil around the largest fresh water lake in North China. The health risks posed by Mn and As were higher than those of other heavy metals and metalloids.

Petroleum contamination of soil and water, and their effects on vegetables by statistically analyzing entire data set.

Aliphatic hydrocarbons have been used to assess total oil concentrations, petroleum sources, and petroleum degradation. In this study, surface soil, groundwater, surface water, and vegetables were collected from the outskirts of Xi'an, the largest city in northwestern China, and the samples were analyzed for aliphatic hydrocarbon contents. The concentrations of n-alkanes were 1.

Effects of pollution sources and soil properties on distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and risk assessment.

In this study, the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil profiles and the soil properties were analyzed in Hunpu, a typical wastewater irrigation area, northeast of China. The total concentrations of 16 priority control PAHs ranged from 7.88 to 2,231.

Investigation on Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd fractions in the natural surface coating samples and surficial sediments in the Songhua River, China.

Natural surface coating samples (NSCSs) from the surface of shingles and surficial sediments (SSs) in the Songhua River, China were employed to investigate the relationship between NSCSs and SSs in fractions of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) using the modified sequential extraction procedure (MSEP). The results show that the differences between NSCSs and SSs in Fe fractions were insignificant and Fe was dominantly present as residual phase (76.22% for NSCSs and 80.