Metabonomics reveals peripheral and central short-chain fatty acid and amino acid dysfunction in a naturally occurring depressive model of macaques.

Purpose: Depression is a complex psychiatric disorder. Various depressive rodent models are usually constructed based on different pathogenesis hypotheses.

Materials And Methods: Herein, using our previously established naturally occurring depressive (NOD) model in a non-human primate (cynomolgus monkey, ), we performed metabolomics analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from NOD female macaques (N=10) and age-and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) (N=12).

Absence of gut microbiota during early life affects anxiolytic Behaviors and monoamine neurotransmitters system in the hippocampal of mice.

The gut microbiome is composed of an enormous number of microorganisms, generally regarded as commensal bacteria. Resident gut bacteria are an important contributor to health and significant evidence suggests that the presence of healthy and diverse gut microbiota is important for normal cognitive and emotional processing. Here we measured the expression of monoamine neurotransmitter-related genes in the hippocampus of germ-free (GF) mice and specific-pathogen-free (SPF) mice to explore the effect of gut microbiota on hippocampal monoamine functioning.

Modulatory interactions of resting-state brain functional connectivity in major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is mediated by chronic dysregulation of complex neural circuits, particularly the specific neurotransmitters or other neural substrates. Recently, both increases and decreases in resting-state functional connectivity have been observed in patients with MDD. However, previous research has only assessed the functional connectivity within a specific network or some regions of interests, without considering the modulatory effects of the entire brain regions.

Diagnosis of major depressive disorder based on changes in multiple plasma neurotransmitters: a targeted metabolomics study.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating psychiatric illness. However, there is currently no objective laboratory-based diagnostic tests for this disorder. Although, perturbations in multiple neurotransmitter systems have been implicated in MDD, the biochemical changes underlying the disorder remain unclear, and a comprehensive global evaluation of neurotransmitters in MDD has not yet been performed.

Decreased serum proNGF concentration in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive and age-related neurodegenerative condition, is a common neurodegenerative disorder. However, no validated biomarkers for PD have been identified to date. Accumulating evidence supports the role of proNGF-p75NTR-sortilin signaling in the neurodegeneration and pathogenesis of PD.

Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator induces long-term anxiety-like behaviors via the ERK1/2-GAD1-GABA cascade in the hippocampus of a rat model.

Objectives: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is widely used for patients with thromboembolic disease, and increasing evidence indicates that it can directly induce neurotoxicity independent of its thrombolysis property. Here, we aimed to confirm the long-term effect of rtPA on animal's behavior, and investigate the underlying pathogenesis.

Methods And Results: Male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly received a dose of rtPA (10 mg/kg) or sterile saline.

Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Induces Neurological Side Effects Independent on Thrombolysis in Mechanical Animal Models of Focal Cerebral Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Purpose: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only effective drug approved by US FDA to treat ischemic stroke, and it contains pleiotropic effects besides thrombolysis. We performed a meta-analysis to clarify effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on cerebral infarction besides its thrombolysis property in mechanical animal stroke.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified by two reviewers after searching online databases, including Pubmed, Embase, and ScienceDirect, from 1979 to 2016.