[Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Myeloid Sarcoma].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment methods of patients with myeloid sarcoma(MS)． Methods: The clinical data, laboratory examination, clinical pathology and treatment methods of 15 patients with MS treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from June 2012 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Among the 15 cases of MS, including eight males and seven females, the middle age of patients were 53（19 to 72）. Among the 15 patients with MS, 4 showed solitary MS, while 11 showed secondary MS.

A new measure of nystagmus acuity.

Aim: To construct a new visual acuity measuring function for congenital nystagmus (CN) patients by studying the relationships between acuity, velocities and positions of the eye.

Methods: After assessing the relationship between acuity, movement velocities and positions of the eye separately, a new function, which we call the automated nystagmus acuity function (ANAF), was constructed to measure the visual acuity of CN patients. Using a high-speed digital video system working at 500 frames per second, each eye was calibrated during monocular fixation.

Perineuronal nets increase inhibitory GABAergic currents during the critical period in rats.

Aim: To investigate inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ergic postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) and postsynaptic currents (PSCs) in layer IV of the rat visual cortex during the critical period and when plasticity was extended through dissolution of the perineuronal nets (PNNs).

Methods: We employed 24 normal Long-Evans rats to study GABAA-PSC characteristics of neurons within layer IV of the visual cortex during development. The animals were divided into six groups of four rats according to ages at recording: PW3 (P21-23d), PW4 (P28-30d), PW5 (P35-37d), PW6 (P42-44d), PW7 (P49-51d), and PW8 (56-58d).

Optogenetics: a novel optical manipulation tool for medical investigation.

Optogenetics is a new and rapidly evolving gene and neuroengineering technology that allows optical control of specific populations of neurons without affecting other neurons in the brain at high temporal and spatial resolution. By heterologous expression of the light-sensitive membrane proteins, cell type-specific depolarization or hyperpolarization can be optically induced on a millisecond time scale. Optogenetics has the higher selectivity and specificity compared to traditional electrophysiological techniques and pharmaceutical methods.