Multivalent DNA vaccine enhanced protection efficacy against infectious bronchitis virus in chickens.

For efficacious DNA vaccine development against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the immunogenicity of a multivalent DNA vaccine was evaluated. Three expression plasmids each targeting spike protein (S1), nucleocapsid protein (N), and membrane protein (M) of IBV were prepared. Chickens were immunized with either individual plasmids (monovalent) or with a combination of all plasmids (multivalent).

The protective immune response against infectious bronchitis virus induced by multi-epitope based peptide vaccines.

Peptide vaccine was found to be an effective and powerful approach to a variety of pathogens. To explore multi-epitope based peptide vaccines against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), the immunogenic peptides were fused to the 3' terminal of glutathione S transferase gene (GST) and expressed in Escherichia coli. ELISA and Western blot analysis showed that the purified fusion proteins had excellent immune activity with chicken anti-IBV serum.

Detection of CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, and SHV-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli fecal-sample isolates from pig farms in China.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance profiles and the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from two production swine operations in Sichuan Province, China, between August 2002 and February 2007. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli increased dramatically from 2.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of antimicrobial resistance in faecal bacteria from 30 Giant pandas.

To study the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in faecal bacteria from Giant pandas in China, 59 isolates were recovered from faecal pats of 30 Giant pandas. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the standardised disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer). Of the 59 study isolates, 32.

[Accessory gene regulator in Staphylococcus biofilm formation and infection].

The most important factor in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-associated Staphylococcal infections is the formation of bacterial biofilms. Biofilm formation was regulated or influenced by quorum sensing. One of the quorum sensing systems agr is genus specific which controls the expression of a series of toxins and virulence factors and the interaction with the innate immune system.

An effective method for isolation of DNA from pig faeces and comparison of five different methods.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of microorganism in faecal specimens is hampered by poor recovery of DNA and by the presence of PCR inhibitors. In this paper, we describe a new modified method for extracting PCR-quality microbial community DNA from pig faecal samples, which combines the pretreatment with polyformaldehyde, and subsequent DNA lysis in the presence of CTAB, salt, PVP, and beta-mercaptoethanol, followed by isolation of nucleic acids using chloroform (no phenol) based protocol. The method resulted in a 1.