The association between liver cirrhosis and fracture risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Liver cirrhosis (LC) was associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis; however, the association between LC and fracture risk was inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the association between LC and fracture risk.

Design: To identify related literature, a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and the Cochrane Library from 1965 to July 2017 without language limitation was performed.

Myofibrotic malformation vessels: unique angiodysplasia toward the progression of hemorrhoidal disease.

Background: The etiology and pathogenesis of hemorrhoids is unclear, although hemorrhoids are a worldwide disease in men and women, with peak prevalence at 45-65 years of age. Hemorrhoidal cushions as the anal venous plexi are normal anatomical structures from infancy. This study attempts to reveal the angiodysplasia and other pathological changes in association with different degrees of symptomatic hemorrhoids.

[Modified procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids to prevent and treat postoperative complications].

Objective: To investigate the complications of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) and their management.

Method: The clinical data of 147 cases of severe hemorrhoids treated by modified PPH were analyzed in view of the operation method and postoperative complications.

Result: All the prolapsed hemorrhoids recovered immediately after the operation.

Extreme hyperopia is the result of null mutations in MFRP, which encodes a Frizzled-related protein.

Nanophthalmos is a rare disorder of eye development characterized by extreme hyperopia (farsightedness), with refractive error in the range of +8.00 to +25.00 diopters.