Risk assessment of ischemic stroke associated pneumonia.

Background: Cerebral stroke is a disease with a high disability rate and a high fatality rate. This study was undertaken to assess the risk of stroke associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with ischemic stroke using A2DS2 score.

Methods: Altogether 1 279 patients with ischemic stroke who were treated in our department from 2009 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed with A2DS2 score.

[Screening of key genes and inflammatory signalling pathway involved in the pathogenesis of HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis by gene expression microarray].

Objective: To investigate the genes and signalling pathways located upstream of the inflammatory processes in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis by gene expression microarray.

Methods: Experimental study. HLA-B27-positive and-negative monocytes isolated from human peripheral blood were stimulated with Vibrio cholera lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Enhancement of axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells in adult rats by etomidate: involvement of protein kinase C.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of etomidate (ET) on axonal regeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in adult rats.

Methods: The optic nerve was transected intraorbitally at 1 mm from the optic disc, and an autologous peripheral nerve was transplanted onto the ocular ON stump in adult rats. Then the animals were treated with ET, Gö6976, ET combined with Gö6976, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), or ET combined with PMA.

[Anatomy of the sphenoidal sinus in transsphenoidal approach through a single nostril].

Objective: To study the anatomy of the sphenoid sinus for safe pituitary adenoma resection via transsphenoidal approach through a single nostril.

Methods: Eight fresh adult cadavers and the magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the sphenoidal sinus of 5 adults were observed. In anteroposterior axes, the root of the nasal columella was defined as the point O, the inferior border of the sphenoidal sinus anterior wall as point B, the superior border of the spheniodal sinus anterior wall as point C, and the midpoint of the sellar floor as point D.