Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using a pediatric colonoscope in patients with Roux‑en‑Y gastrectomy and an intact major duodenal papilla.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and an intact major duodenal papilla is challenging and difficult, with unsatisfactory outcomes using various endoscopes. Limited data are available regarding the outcomes of ERCP using a pediatric colonoscope in such patients. To evaluate the efficacy of a pediatric colonoscope in patients with Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and an major duodenal intact papilla, 93 consecutive patients with Roux-en-Y gastrectomy and an intact major duodenal papilla who underwent ERCP using a pediatric colonoscope at the Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, (Nanjing, China) between January 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

A Dual Role of ATM in Ischemic Preconditioning and Ischemic Injury.

The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein is regarded as the linchpin of cellular defenses to stress. Deletion of ATM results in strong oxidative stress and degenerative diseases in the nervous system. However, the role of ATM in neuronal ischemic preconditioning and lethal ischemic injury is still largely unknown.

Chloroquine pretreatment attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain of ob/ob diabetic mice as well as wildtype mice.

Chloroquine, a prototype anti-malaria drug, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, chloroquine pretreatment could improve DNA damage repair. It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that chloroquine pretreatment could attenuate ischemia/reperfusion injury in the brain.

Clinical Significance of Prothrombin Time in Cholangiocarcinoma Patients with Surgeries.

Background: Prothrombin time (PT) can predict survival in several types of malignancies. This study aims to investigate the predictive values of PT levels in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the PT from 86 CCA patients who underwent curative resection in our hospital from December 2008 to August 2017.

Effect of Hemodialysis on the Red Blood Cell Life Span in Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease.

The aim of this study was to use a CO breath test to investigate hemodialysis effects on red blood cell lifespan in patients with chronic kidney disease. A cohort of 17 non-smoking men with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis via a polysulfone dialysis membrane (as opposed to a traditional cellulose acetate membrane) were subjected to a repeated Levitt's CO breath test to compare red blood cell lifespan before vs. after dialysis.

Gastrotracheal fistula: treatment with a covered self-expanding Y-shaped metallic stent.

A 67-year-old man had a sev-ere cough and pulmonary infection for 1 wk before seeking evaluation at our hospital. He had undergone esophagectomy with gastric pull-up and radiotherapy for esophageal cancer 3 years previously. After admission to our hospital, gastroscopy and bronchoscopy revealed a fistulous communication between the posterior tracheal wall near the carina and the upper residual stomach.

Delineating the vascular territory (perforasome) of a perforator in the lower extremity of the rabbit with four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography.

Background: The anatomy of any particular vascular perforator relative to its vascular territory (perforasome) and flow characteristics is unique and complex. This arterial perforasome study with laboratory rabbits was conducted to assess four-dimensional computed tomographic angiography as an imaging tool for the design of individualized tissue transfers. This study offers clinically relevant information that should improve flap survival.