Accelerated Fractionated Radiation Therapy for Localized Glottic Carcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the outcomes of an accelerated fractionated irradiation for N0 glottic carcinoma.

Methods: In this retrospective analysis, 29 patients with N0 glottic carcinoma treated by radiation therapy were enrolled. Thirteen patients had T1a disease, six had T1b disease, and ten had T2 disease.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for head and neck mucosal melanoma recurrence in patients treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Background: Carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) is effective for head and neck mucosal melanoma (HN-MM), including radioresistant mucosal melanoma. Melanoma also responds effectively to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Data on the efficacy and safety of ICIs for HN-MM are insufficient.

Carbon-ion radiotherapy for inoperable upper tract ureteral cancer.

Aim: This study aimed to report initial results of hypofractionated carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for inoperable upper tract ureteral cancer.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was performed for five consecutive patients with medically inoperable ureter cancer that was treated with radical C-ion RT between December 2013 and December 2014. The median age of the patients was 80 years (range, 68-84 years).

Isofraxidin enhances hyperthermia‑induced apoptosis via redox modification in acute monocytic leukemia U937 cells.

The cell‑killing potential of most chemotherapeutic agents is enhanced by a temperature elevation. Isofraxidin (IF) is a coumarin compound widely found in plants, such as the Umbelliferae or Chloranthaceae families. IF induces anticancer effects in lung and colorectal cancer.

Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Inoperable Head and Neck Bone and Soft-tissue Sarcoma: Prospective Observational Study.

Background/aim: Bone and soft-tissue sarcomas of the head and neck have very poor prognoses. This prospective study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for bone and soft-tissue sarcoma of the head and neck.

Patients And Methods: The present study was a prospective clinical study that included 10 consecutive patients diagnosed with bone and soft-tissue sarcoma of the head and neck who were treated with C-ion RT between 2012 and 2018 at our institution.

Efficacy and Safety of Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Coexisting Interstitial Lung Disease.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a risk factor both for the development and treatment failure of lung cancer. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the outcome of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in 124 patients with clinical stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), of whom 26 (21%) had radiological signs of pre-existing ILD. ILD was diagnosed retrospectively by a pulmonologist based on critical review of CT-scans.

Multicenter Study of Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Oropharyngeal Non-squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: To evaluate treatment outcomes of carbon-ion radiotherapy for oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma at four carbon-ion facilities in Japan.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 33 patients with oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma who were treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy between November 2003 and December 2014.

Results: The histology included adenoid cystic carcinoma (n=25) and mucosal malignant melanoma (n=4).

Clinical features and dosimetric evaluation of carbon ion radiation-induced osteoradionecrosis of mandible in head and neck tumors.

Background And Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) affects the patient's quality of life by making eating and maintaining oral hygiene painful. This study aimed to analyze carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT)-induced ORN of the mandible.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of 199 patients with head and neck tumors treated with C-ion RT was performed from 2010 to 2019.

Stereotactic body radiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma metastatic to the lung: a case report.

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor involving mostly the head and neck region, and frequently the salivary glands. The development of lung metastasis after treatment of the primary tumor is a common occurrence in ACC. Although lung metastases show a slow rate of growth, approximately 10% of patients die from distant metastases.

Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes between Carbon Ion Radiotherapy and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Radiotherapy is an essential treatment modality for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is the standard treatment for early-stage NSCLC because of its favorable local control (LC) compared to conventional radiotherapy.

Evaluation of Carbon Ion Radiation-Induced Trismus in Head and Neck Tumors Using Dose-Volume Histograms.

Carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) provides a highly localized deposition of energy that can increase radiation doses to tumors while minimizing irradiation of adjacent normal tissues. For tumors located near the temporomandibular joint, C-ion RT-induced trismus may occur. However, the relationship between the carbon ion dose and the onset of trismus is unclear.

Small size gold nanoparticles enhance apoptosis-induced by cold atmospheric plasma via depletion of intracellular GSH and modification of oxidative stress.

Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have attracted attention as a promising sensitizer owing to their high atomic number (Z), and because they are considered fully multifunctional, they are preferred over other metal nanoparticles. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has also recently gained attention, especially for cancer treatment, by inducing apoptosis through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, the activity of different sized Au-NPs with helium-based CAP (He-CAP) was analyzed, and the underlying mechanism was investigated.

Skin Dose Reduction by Layer-Stacking Irradiation in Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Parotid Tumors.

Layer-stacking irradiation (LSI) results in the accumulation of multiple small spread-out Bragg peaks along the beam direction. Although the superiority of LSI to conventional passive irradiation (CPI) regarding normal tissue sparing is theoretically evident, the clinical benefit of LSI has not been demonstrated. Here, we compared LSI with CPI using the same treatment planning-computed tomography images used for carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT).

A phase II study of adaptive two-step intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with chemotherapy for loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (JCOG1015).

Background: A phase II study of adaptive two-step intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with chemotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) (JCOG1015) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety.

Methods: Patients aged 20-75 years with stages II-IVB NPC were enrolled. As adaptive two-step IMRT, computed tomography planning was performed twice before IMRT for the initial plan of 46 Gy/23 fractions and during treatment for the boost plan of 24 Gy/12 fractions with a total dose of 70 Gy.

Dose assessment for patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer receiving passive scattering carbon-ion radiotherapy using daily computed tomographic images: A prospective study.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to assess dose distributions for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with passive scattering carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) using daily computed tomography (CT) images.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 10 patients with stage I NSCLC and acquired a total of 40 pre-fractional CT image series under the same settings as the planning CT images. These CT images were registered with planning CT images for dose evaluation using both bone matching (BM) and tumor matching (TM).

Prognostic significance of semi-quantitative FDG-PET parameters in stage I non-small cell lung cancer treated with carbon-ion radiotherapy.

Purpose: Prognostic significance of volumetric F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) parameters in carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) treated stage I non-small cell lung cancer, and need of histology-wise separate cut-off values for risk stratification were assessed.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients (29 men and 10 women, 71.9 ± 8.

Efficacy and Feasibility of Salvage Re-Irradiation with CyberKnife for In-Field Neck Lymph Node Recurrence: A Retrospective Study.

Neck lymph node (LN) recurrence in the irradiated field represents an important aspect of treatment failure after primary radiotherapy owing to the lack of a standard treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of CyberKnife treatment for neck LN recurrence after radiotherapy. Between 2008 and 2016, 55 neck LN recurrences after radiotherapy in 16 patients were treated with CyberKnife.

Carbon-ion radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for head and neck mucosal melanoma: Prospective observational study.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of carbon-ion radiotherapy in combination with chemotherapy using dacarbazine, nimustine, and vincristine (DAV therapy) in mucosal melanoma. Twenty-one patients with clinically localized mucosal melanoma of the head and neck were enrolled. The primary endpoint was 3-year overall survival (OS).

Hypofractionated carbon-ion radiotherapy for stage I peripheral nonsmall cell lung cancer (GUNMA0701): Prospective phase II study.

This phase II study's aim was to confirm the efficacy and safety of hypofractionated carbon-ion radiotherapy in patients with stage I peripheral nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study encompassed 37 patients with histologically proven peripheral stage I NSCLC in the period June 2010-March 2015. All underwent the planned full dose of carbon-ion radiotherapy, administered with relative biological effectiveness of 52.

Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Isolated Lymph Node Metastasis After Surgery or Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer.

Mediastinal and hilar lymph node metastasis is one of the recurrence patterns after definitive treatment of lung cancer. Salvage radiotherapy (RT) can be a treatment option for lymph node metastasis. However, the usefulness of additional RT remains unclear after surgery or RT for the primary lung tumor.

Dosimetric parameters predictive of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after carbon-ion radiotherapy for head and neck carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: Little information is available on the risk factors for nasolacrimal duct obstruction after radiotherapy for head and neck tumors. We investigated the incidence and predictive dosimetric parameters for nasolacrimal duct obstruction following carbon-ion radiotherapy for head and neck tumors.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients with head and neck non-squamous cell carcinoma were analyzed in this single-institution prospective study.

Deep learning-assisted literature mining for in vitro radiosensitivity data.

Background And Purpose: Integrated analysis of existing radiosensitivity data obtained by the gold-standard clonogenic assay has the potential to improve our understanding of cancer cell radioresistance. However, extraction of radiosensitivity data from the literature is highly labor-intensive. To aid in this task, using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other computer technologies, we developed an analysis pipeline that extracts radiosensitivity data derived from clonogenic assays from the literature.

Multicenter study of carbon-ion radiation therapy for nonsquamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiation therapy for nonsquamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity in a multicenter study.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological features and outcomes of 76 patients with oral nonsquamous cell carcinomas with N0-1 M0 status and were treated with carbon-ion radiation therapy at four institutions in Japan between November 2003 and December 2014 was performed.

Results: Salivary gland carcinoma, mucosal melanoma, and three other carcinomas were found in 46, 27, and 3 patients, respectively.

Prospective Study of Isolated Recurrent Tumor Re-irradiation With Carbon-Ion Beams.

To perform a prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of isolated recurrent tumor re-irradiation with carbon-ion radiotherapy (RT). The inclusion criteria were clinically proven recurrent tumors, measurable by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, patients ≥ 16 years old, performance status scores between 0 and 2, isolated tumor at a previously irradiated site, and a life expectancy > 6 months. The exclusion criteria were tumor invasion into the gastrointestinal tract or a major blood vessel, uncontrolled infection, early recurrence (<3 months), and severe concomitant diseases.