Unleashing AdipoRon's Potential: A Fresh Approach to Tackle Infections in Bronchiectasis via Sphingosine Metabolism Modulation.

Purpose: Bronchiectasis patients are prone to infection due to decreased level of sphingosine in airway. Adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon activates the intrinsic ceramidase activity of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and positively regulates sphingosine metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic benefit of AdipoRon against infection.

Age is Not the Most Important Factor in the Prognosis of Femoral Neck Fracture: An Analysis of Long-Term Clinical Follow-Up.

Objective: The prognosis of femoral neck fractures is affected by factors including age and type of fracture. This study aimed to explore the associations among postsurgical outcomes of internal fixation for femoral neck fracture (healing rate, necrosis rate, and joint function score) and age and type of fracture.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 297 cases of femoral neck fracture treated with internal fixation between February 2008 and October 2018.

Polyhydroxylated sesquiterpenes and ergostane glycosides produced by the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. from Azadirachta indica.

The investigation of the metabolites from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. YM 311647 in solid fermentation resulted in the isolation of six undescribed compounds, namely xylarioxides A-F, respectively. These included one eremophilane sesquiterpene, three guaiane sesquiterpene glycosides, and two ergostane glycosides.

Single volar locking plating for the intra- and extra-articular distal radius fractures with dorsal metaphyseal comminution.

Background: Volar locking plating remains a popular method for the surgical management of distal radius fractures. Dorsal metaphyseal comminution (DMC) is a common fracture pattern which weakens the stability during fracture fixation. In this study, we aimed to compare the radiographic and functional outcome of the intra- and extra-articular distal radius fractures with DMC following single volar locking plate fixation.

FSTL1 aggravates OVA-induced inflammatory responses by activating the NLRP3/IL-1β signaling pathway in mice and macrophages.

Objective: Asthma, a well-known disease with high morbidity, is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. However, the allergic inflammation mechanisms of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) have not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the effects of FSTL1 in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mice and macrophages on nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat protein 3 (NLRP3)/interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling pathway.

A modified intrafocal pinning technique with three-dimensional planning to facilitate volar plating in dorsally comminuted AO/OTA C2 and C3 distal radius fractures.

Backgrounds: Theaim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a modified intrafocal pinningtechnique with three-dimensional (3D) planning to facilitate volar plating in dorsally comminuted intra-articular distal radius fractures.

Methods: Intotal 35 AO/OTA type C2 and C3 fractures were finally included.The 3D digital model of the fracture was reconstructed based on preoperative computedtomographic (CT) images, with the displacement of the comminuted dorsalfragment and the intra-articular fragment analyzed for preoperative planning.

Naturally Occurring Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids and Their Microbial Transformation: A Review.

Flavonoids and isoflavonoids are polyphenolic secondary metabolites usually produced by plants adapting to changing ecological environments over a long period of time. Therefore, their biosynthesis pathways are considered as the most distinctive natural product pathway in plants. Seemingly, the flavonoids and isoflavones from fungi and actinomycetes have been relatively overlooked.

Outcomes of Femoral Neck Fractures Treated with Cannulated Internal Fixation in Elderly Patients: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term efficacy of cannulated internal fixation in patients who sustain femoral neck fracture (FNF) and risk factors influencing the outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from 73 elderly patients aged ≥60 years old, hospitalized for FNF and treated with cannulated internal fixation between August 2008 and July 2016. The inclusion criteria were: (i) patients aged ≥60 years; (ii) patients with recent femoral neck fracture, with times of injury ranging from 12-72 h; and (iii) patients who underwent Garden II-IV closed reduction and internal fixation.

[Contamination Levels and Ecological Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters (PAEs) in the Aquatic Environment of Key Areas of Taihu Lake].

To better understand phthalate esters (PAEs) pollution in key areas of Taihu Lake, water and sediment samples were collected for content analysis. The concentrations of ∑PAEs in water samples from wet, dry, and normal seasons ranged 1.6-11.

Outcomes of cement beads and cement spacers in the treatment of bone defects associated with post-traumatic osteomyelitis.

Background: Cement spacers (Masquelet technique) have traditionally been used for the treatment of segmental bone defects. However, no reports have used cement spacers for the treatment of small/partial segmental bone defects associated with osteomyelitis and compared the outcomes with cement beads.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 40 patients with post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the tibia who underwent treatment, which was performed in two stages.

Three bilindione isomers: synthesis, characterization and reactivity of biliverdin analogs.

Linear tetrapyrrole is the core structure of light-sensitive native cofactors such as phycocyanobilin, phytochromobilin and bile pigments, which attracts increasing attention in biomimetic chemistry, photochemistry and coordination chemistry. To decipher the relationship between structures and functions, in this work, we firstly reported the synthesis, isolation and characterization of three bilindione isomers (ZZZ, syn, syn, syn 1, EZE, syn, syn, anti 2 and EZE, anti, syn, anti 3) bearing meso-pentafluorophenyl groups. The structures were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and 2-D NMR spectroscopes.

Radiographic analysis of the restoration of hip joint center following open reduction and internal fixation of acetabular fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Unfavorable reduction is considered one of the key factors leading to joint degeneration and compromised clinical outcome in acetabular fracture patients. Besides the columns, walls, and superior dome, the postoperative position of hip joint center (HJC), which is reported to affect hip biomechanics, should be considered during the assessment of quality of reduction. We aimed to evaluate the radiographic restoration of HJC in acetabular fractures treated with open reduction and internal fixation.

Locking plate as a definitive external fixator for treating tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue envelop.

Introduction: Tibial fractures with compromised soft tissue envelop may lead to significant complications. The optimal management of these injuries remains controversial. Recently, locking plate used as a definitive external fixator is attractive because it not only minimizes trauma to the soft tissues, but also overcomes the shortcomings of standard external fixators.

Distal femoral fractures in post-poliomyelitis patients treated with locking compression plates.

Objective: Treatment of distal femoral fracture in post-polio patients is difficult because the bone is usually osteopenic, small and deformed. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the outcomes of distal femoral fracture in post-polio patients treated by locking compression plates (LCP).

Methods: The medical records of 19 post-polio patients (mean age 49 years at time of surgery) were reviewed and intraoperative data retrieved.

Early application of pulsed electromagnetic field in the treatment of postoperative delayed union of long-bone fractures: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Background: Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) is reported to be an effective adjunct for the management of nonunion long-bone fractures. Most studies implement PEMF treatment after 6 months or longer of delayed union or nonunion following fracture treatment. Despite these variations in treatment, the early application of PEMF following a diagnosis of a postoperative delayed union has not been specifically analyzed.

Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in TSLP gene are associated with asthma susceptibility in Chinese Han population.

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway that is mediated by T-helper 2(TH2) cells. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) can aggravate asthmatic lung inflammation by activating dendritic cells (DCs) to promote TH2 differentiation. TSLP promoter polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to bronchial asthma in Japanese population.

Management of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients with uni- or polyaxial locking osteosynthesis system.

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of uni- and polyaxial locking osteosynthesis systems in the management of proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients, totally 76 cases were reviewed including 18 cases of two-part (Neer classification), 36 cases of three-part, and 22 cases of four-part fractures.

Methods: All the patients received open reduction and internal fixation with proximal humerus internal locking osteosynthesis system (PHILOS) or Numelock systems designed for proximal humerus.

Results: Results showed no significant difference between groups considering the Constant-Murley scores assessed at 6 and 12 months, postoperatively.

Spontaneous arteriorrhexis in affected lower limb following total knee arthroplasty.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is now a standard treatment for serious osteoarthritis all over the world. Although it is a standard treatment, it has many complications, among which deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the exclusive blood vessel complication that has been reported. However, we found a new blood vessel complication of TKA in this study, which is spontaneous arteriorrhexis in the affected lower limb.