Health related behaviors among HIV-infected people who are successfully linked to care: an institutional-based cross-sectional study.

Background: By the end of October 2019, there were 958 thousand people were reported living with HIV/AIDS in China. Unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as smoking, drinking alcohol, using illicit drugs and no physical activity have been found to mitigate the positive impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on viral load and HIV-related quality of life. Moreover, risky sexual behavior among HIV-positive persons places their partners at risk for HIV transmission and other sexually transmitted infections.

[Spatial - temporal clustering analysis of schistosomiasis transmission risk in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015].

Objective: To explore the spatial-temporal clustering distribution of schistosomiasis transmission risk in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015, so as to provide scientific evidence for the future schistosomiasis control and consolidation of the control achievements.

Methods: All data pertaining to endemic situation of human and bovine schistosomiasis and snail survey at a township level in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015 were collected. A descriptive epidemiological method and Joinpoint model were used to describe the changing trends of infections in humans, bovine and snails, and the hotspots and clusters of schistosomiasis transmission risk were identified using spatial autocorrelation analysis, hotspots analysis and retrospective space-time scan statistic in Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2015.

Family support, discrimination, and quality of life among ART-treated HIV-infected patients: a two-year study in China.

Background: By September 2016, approximately 653,865 people in China were living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and 492,725 people were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). PLWHA frequently experience discrimination in all domains of their personal and social lives. The World Health Organization includes discrimination in its list of social determinants of health factors that have been linked to poor physical and psychological health.

[Analysis of schistosomiasis prevalence in endemic areas using retrospective space-time permutation scan statistics].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of schistosomasis prevalence by using the spatial epidemiological method, and test the application of retrospective space-time permutation scan statistics in determining mountainous and lake-type endemic areas of schistosomiasis.

Methods: The data of schistosomasis in humans, cattle and snails in Jiangxi Province during 2009-2014 and in Yunnan Province during 2004-2013 were collected and analyzed. The temporal and spatial distribution of schistosomiasis endemic areas in the two provinces was analyzed with retrospective space-time permutation scan statistics.

[Risk assessment for malaria elimination in P. R. China].

Objective: To identify the risk area in China during the malaria elimination process, and provide the evidence for promotion of the national malaria elimination programme and implementation of elimination strategy.

Methods: Data collection was conducted in 24 endemic provinces in 2010, including data of transmission capacity, potential risk of malaria transmission and the capacity of health professional team at county level. Quantitative assessment of the malaria transmission risk as well as the capacity of health facilities were conducted based on the calculation of malaria transmission risk index (MTI) and health facilities capacity index (CI).

[Determination of key interventions for the transition from control to elimination of malaria in China].

Objective: To determine the key interventions transferring from the control to elimination of malaria in China so as to provide the basic information for achieving malaria elimination.

Methods: Based on the data collected from the document entitled of The National Annual Report on Schistosomiasis, Malaria and Echinococcosis, published by the National Institute of Parasitic Diseases of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the malaria incidence and intervention data were selected only in the typical endemic provinces during the period of 2004-2010. The correlation between the incidence and interventions in the target provinces was analyzed based on the Panel Data Regression Model, and the key interventions were determined.

Schistosomiasis japonica: modelling as a tool to explore transmission patterns.

Modelling is an important tool for the exploration of Schistosoma japonicum transmission patterns. It provides a general theoretical framework for decision-makers and lends itself specifically to assessing the progress of the national control programme by following the outcome of surveys. The challenge of keeping up with the many changes of social, ecological and environmental factors involved in control activities is greatly facilitated by modelling that can also indicate which activities are critical and which are less important.

[Establishment of policy indicators of adaptation to the impact of climate change on the transmission of schistosomiasis and malaria in China].

Objective: To set up a framework of indicators for schistosomiasis and malaria to guide the formulation and evaluation of vector-borne disease control policies focusing on adaptation to the negative impact of climate change.

Methods: A 2-level indicator framework was set up on the basis of literature review, and Delphi method was applied to a total of 22 and 19 experts working on schistosomiasis and malaria, respectively. The result was analyzed to calculate the weight of various indicators.

[Evaluation of the comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures with emphasis on infection source of replacing cattle with machine].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of comprehensive measures with an emphasis on schistosomiasis infection source control by replacing cattle with machine.

Methods: In 2011, 2 villages from each of Jingzhou District, Jianli County and Jiangling County, Hubei Province, were selected as intervention group where the comprehensive measures were implemented, while 2 villages from Shishou City served as control with routine control activities. A cluster random sampling was carried out in the 8 villages with more than 300 people in each village were sampled.

Establishing and applying a schistosomiasis early warning index (SEWI) in the lower Yangtze River Region of Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: China has made remarkable progress in schistosomiasis control over the past decades. Transmission control has replaced morbidity control as the country moves towards the goal of elimination and the current challenge is to find a sensitive measure capable of gauging transmission risk in low-prevalence areas. The study aims to develop a Schistosomiasis Early Warning Index (SEWI) and demonstrate its use in Jiangsu Province along the lower Yangtze River.

Field comparison of circulating antibody assays versus circulating antigen assays for the detection of schistosomiasis japonica in endemic areas of China.

Background: Schistosomiasis remains a serious public health problem in affected countries, and routine, highly sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic methods are lacking. We evaluated two immunodiagnostic techniques for the detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections: circulating antibody and circulating antigen assays.

Methods: A total of 1864 individuals (between 6 and 72 years old) residing in five administrative villages in Hubei province were screened by serum examination with an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA).

Integrated control programmes for schistosomiasis and other helminth infections in P.R. China.

The prevalence of human schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) has decreased significantly in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China), particularly after 2005 when the national control programmes were reinforced by forming of integrated control strategies.

[Relationship between schistosome serum test positive rate of residents and positive rate of Oncomelania snails in a national schistosomiasis surveillance site of Jiangling County].

Objective: To explore the relationship between schistosome serum test positive rate of residents and positive rate of Oncomelania snails in a national schistosomiasis surveillance site of Jiangling County.

Methods: According to the national schistosomiasis monitoring scheme, the data of surveillance including the schistosome serum test positive rates of residents and positive rates of Oncomelania snails from 2005 to 2011 were collected and analyzed statistically.

Results: From 2005 to 2011, the schistosome serum test positive rates of residents were 26.

[Establishment and application of rapid assessment system of environment with high transmission risk of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake regions. I. Establishment of an index system with Delphi method].

Objective: To establish an index system for rapid assessment of environment with high transmission risk of schistosomiasis in marshland and lake regions.

Methods: The alternative indices were established preliminarily by the documentary method, and then the Delphi method was used two rounds to select the indices and establish the index system. The degree of familiar and authority of the experts as well as the weights of all indices were assessed.

[Study on assessing system for endemicity of schistosomiasis].

Objective: To establish a scientific, objective and operational assessing system for schistosomiasis endemicity, so as to provide a scientific evidence for revising the current Criteria for Control and Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (GB 15976-2006).

Methods: A questionnaire was designed based on reference review and 20 scientists working in the field of schistosomiasis control, research or management were investigated by using the Delphi method. The importance of each index reflecting the endemicity of schistosomiasis was scored by each scientist.

Transmission risks of schistosomiasis japonica: extraction from back-propagation artificial neural network and logistic regression model.

Background: The transmission of schistosomiasis japonica in a local setting is still poorly understood in the lake regions of the People's Republic of China (P. R. China), and its transmission patterns are closely related to human, social and economic factors.

[Risk factors of schistosomiasis transmission in marshland and lake regions in midstream of Yangtze River].

Objective: To study the risk factors of schistosomiasis related to household economic condition and individual behavior in marshland and lake regions, so as to provide evidences for schistosomiasis control.

Methods: Six villages were sampled with the stratified cluster sampling method, 2 339 villagers from 1 247 households were surveyed by a questionnaire and meanwhile their sera were assayed for schistosomiasis by IHA. The Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the results of serological examinations and risk factors.

[Retrospective investigation on national endemic situation of schistosomiasis. III. Changes of endemic situation in endemic rebounded counties after transmission of schistosomiasis under control or interruption].

Objective: To analyze the changes of schistosomiasis endemic situation before and after reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission control or transmission interruption in endemic rebounded areas, so as to offer the information for modifying the criteria of schistosomiasis control and elimination, and consolidating achievements of schistosomiasis control in People's Republic of China.

Methods: Twelve counties with endemic rebound were selected from seven endemic provinces and investigated with the retrospective research method. The data including the epidemic information and relative materials 10 years before the counties reached the criteria of transmission control and several years later (until 2008 or 2009) were collected.

[Retrospective investigation on national endemic situation of schistosomiasis I analysis of changes of endemic situation in transmission-interrupted counties].

Objective: To analyze the changing rules of schistosomiasis endemic situation in the area of transmission that has been interrupted before and after they reach the criteria of transmission interruption, so as to offer the basis of amending to the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission interruption and a more scientific, standardized assessment and evaluation of the effects of schistosomiasis control in the future.

Methods: Nineteen counties of transmission that has been interrupted in 9 provinces nationwide were selected and investigated with the retrospective research method to collect and record the endemic detailed data 10 years before they reach the criteria of transmission interruption and several years later (ended in 2008 or 2009) and then a database was established. The changing rules of various disease indices in different endemic areas before and after reaching the criteria of transmission interruption were analyzed and compared.

[Retrospective investigation on national endemic situation of schistosomiasis. II. Analysis of changes of endemic situation in transmission-controlled counties].

Objective: To summarize and analyze the process of the changes of schistosomiasis infection and Oncomelania snails in schistosomiasis transmission-controlled areas to explore the rules of the impact of changes of snail indexes on human infection before and after the stage of transmission control, so as to provide the evidence for editing snail indexes in the schistosomiasis controlled criterion and a more scientific, standardized control assessment and evaluation.

Methods: Twenty-one schistosomiasis transmission-controlled or transmission-interrupted counties in lake endemic areas and hilly endemic areas in 8 provinces were selected and investigated retrospectively to collect schistosomiasis epidemiological information 10 years before these counties reached the criterion of transmission control and the subsequent years until 2008 or 2009. A " Standard county schistosomiasis epidemic survey data review software" was developed to establish a national epidemic retrospectively database; the trends of changes of snail status, infected snail status and human infection status were analyzed in different years.

[Application of artificial neural networks in infectious diseases].

With the development of information technology, artificial neural networks has been applied to many research fields. Due to the special features such as nonlinearity, self-adaptation, and parallel processing, artificial neural networks are applied in medicine and biology. This review summarizes the application of artificial neural networks in the relative factors, prediction and diagnosis of infectious diseases in recent years.