Modulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein-affected macrophage efferocytosis by mitochondrial calcium uniporter in a murine model.

Objective: Efferocytosis dysfunction contributes to the progression and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Efferocytosis is crucially modulated by intracytoplasmic Ca, and mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) complex proteins serve as key channels for regulating Ca concentration. Therefore, it was speculated that MCU may affect the development of atherosclerosis (AS) by regulating efferocytosis.

Model-based temperature control for improving lactic acid production from glycerol.

To maximize the final lactic acid productivity and concentration, temperature control was optimized using a mathematical modelling approach. A kinetic model, including cell growth, product formation and substrate consumption equations, was proposed to describe the lactic acid production process by AC-521 with glycerol as the substrate. By constructing four functions, the temperature effect was introduced on the fermentation process, where four parameters ( , , and ) were observed to be significantly affected by the temperature.