Contributions of insertion sequences conferring colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: Increasing colistin consumption is leading to expanding colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae worldwide, but particularly in Asia. Epidemiological studies indicate a link between specific insertion sequences (ISs) and colistin resistance; however, proof of a colistin-IS correlation is lacking.

Objectives: Colistin-resistant mechanisms, and in vitro and in vivo efficacies of colistin against K.

Characterisation of fosfomycin resistance mechanisms and molecular epidemiology in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.

Although fosfomycin is a treatment option for infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, fosfomycin resistance has been documented. To our knowledge, fosfomycin resistance mechanisms in Klebsiella pneumoniae have not been systematically investigated. A total of 108 ESBL-producing K.