Differential Perspectives by Specialty on Oligometastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Korean Oligometastasis Working Group's Comparative Survey Study.

Purpose: Despite numerous studies on the optimal treatments for oligometastatic disease (OMD), there is no established interdisciplinary consensus on its diagnosis or classification. This survey-based study aimed to analyze the differential opinions of colorectal surgeons and radiation oncologists regarding the definition and treatment of OMD from the colorectal primary.

Materials And Methods: A total of 141 participants were included in this study, consisting of 63 radiation oncologists (44.

Metastasis-Directed Local Therapy of Hepatic Oligometastasis from Colorectal Cancer and Future Perspective in Radiation Therapy.

Introduction of the concept for oligometastasis led to wide application of metastasis-directed local ablative therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). By application of the metastasis-directed local ablative therapies including surgical resection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR), the survival outcomes of patients with metastatic CRC have improved. The liver is the most common distant metastatic site in CRC patients, and recently various metastasis-directed local therapies for hepatic oligometastasis from CRC (HOCRC) are widely used.

Long-term oncologic outcome of D3 lymph node dissection for clinical stage 2/3 right-sided colon cancer.

Purpose: To investigate oncologic outcomes including overall survival and disease-free survival depending on the extent of lymphadenectomy (D3 versus D2) by comparing D3 and D2 lymphadenectomy in patients with clinical stage 2/3 right colon cancer.

Methods: Consecutive series of patients who underwent radical resection for right colon cancer at our three hospitals between January 2015 and June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Study cohorts were divided into two groups: D3 group and D2 group.

Laparoscopic surgery: an effective and safe surgical method of pediatric inguinal hernia repair.

Purpose: Inguinal hernia (IH) repair is very commonly performed in children. While open repair (OR) is the standard approach, laparoscopic repair is increasingly used. This study was aimed to investigate safety and feasibility of laparoscopic repair of pediatric IH compared to OR.

Clinical outcomes of surgical management for recurrent rectal prolapse: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: There are few reports on outcomes following surgical repair of recurrent rectal prolapse. The purpose of this study was to examine surgical outcomes for recurrent rectal prolapse.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of patients who underwent surgery for recurrent rectal prolapse.

Oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy rather than fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in rectal cancer is more efficient to decrease distant metastasis and increase survival after preoperative chemoradiotherapy and surgery: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The standard treatment of stage II-III rectal cancer is preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). However, the rate of metastasis is still high following this treatment. Therefore, several adjuvant chemotherapy studies have been conducted on reducing subsequent metastases and increasing survival, although there are still no definite conclusions.

Impact of D3 lymph node dissection on upstaging and short-term survival in clinical stage I right-sided colon cancer.

Background: D3 lymph node dissection is becoming the standard procedure for the treatment of advanced right colon cancer and has shown increasing evidence of its oncologic benefit. However, a clear indication for its application is lacking and data on this topic is unsatisfactory. Thus, the necessity for D3 lymph node dissection in clinical stage I right colon cancer remains controversial.

Anti-metastatic effect of metformin via repression of interleukin 6-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human colon cancer cells.

Metformin, a first-line drug used to treat type 2 diabetes, has also been shown to have anticancer effects against a variety of malignancies, including colorectal cancer. Although inhibition of the mTOR pathway is known to be the most important mechanism for the antitumor effects of metformin, other mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify the antitumor mechanism of metformin in colorectal cancer using high-throughput data, and then test the mechanism experimentally.

Korean physicians' policies for postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer.

Background/aims: We explored Korean physicians' policies for surveillance of colorectal cancer (CRC) after curative surgery.

Methods: Web-based self-report questionnaires were developed. Invitations to participate were emailed to physicians who diagnosed and treated CRC from October 1 to November 15, 2015.

Effect of a Shortened Duration of FOLFOX Chemotherapy on the Survival Rate of Patients with Stage II and III Colon Cancer.

Background: FOLFOX chemotherapy is widely used as an adjuvant treatment for advanced colon cancer. The duration of adjuvant chemotherapy is usually set to 6 months, which is based on a former study of 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy. However, the FOLFOX regimen is known to have complications, such as peripheral neuropathy.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for stage II-III resectable rectal cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Purpose: Whether preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is better than postoperative CRT in oncologic outcome and toxicity is contentious in prospective randomized clinical trials. We systematically analyze and compare the treatment result, toxicity, and sphincter preservation rate between preoperative CRT and postoperative CRT in stage II-III rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library from 1990 to 2014 for relevant trials.

Clinical Significance of 5-Fluorouracil Chemosensitivity Testing in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Aim: To evaluate whether the results of chemosensitivity testing were associated with prognosis of colorectal cancer patients after adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (FU)/ leucovorin chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Eighty-nine patients who received 5-FU/leucovorin adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer were enrolled. Chemosensitivity tests were performed and tumor growth inhibition rate was calculated using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)02,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide) assay.

Lymph Node Micrometastasis Cannot Be Considered as Positive Lymph Node in Nonmetastatic Colorectal Cancer.

The prognostic value of micrometastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. The study investigated whether lymph node (LN) micrometastasis can have prognostic value in CRC as compared with macrometastasis. The study included 488 patients with curatively resected stage I, II, or III CRC treated between 2004 and 2011.

Clinical benefits and oncologic equivalence of self-expandable metallic stent insertion for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction.

Background: The efficacy of stenting for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and clinical benefits of self-expandable metallic stent insertion for right-sided malignant colonic obstruction.

Methods: Clinical data from patients who underwent right hemicolectomy for right colon cancer from January 2006 to July 2014 at three Korea University hospitals were retrospectively reviewed.

Risk factors causing structural sequelae after anastomotic leakage in mid to low rectal cancer.

Aim: To investigate the risk factors causing structural sequelae after anastomotic leakage in patients with mid to low rectal cancer.

Methods: Prospectively collected data of consecutive subjects who had anastomotic leakage after surgical resection for rectal cancer from March 2006 to May 2013 at Korea University Anam Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Two subgroup analyses were performed.

Endoscopic obstruction in rectal cancers: survival and recurrence patterns following curative surgery.

Background: It is controversial whether preoperative obstruction in rectal cancers can affect prognosis or influence recurrence patterns. We investigated the association between endoscopic obstruction with survival and recurrence patterns in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers.

Materials And Methods: An observational study and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify determinants of survival and to compare recurrence patterns between patients with obstructive or nonobstructive tumors after curative resection.

Tracheal metastasis from rectal cancer: a case report and review of the literature.

The trachea is an uncommon site of metastasis from colorectal carcinoma. A few cases have been reported in the literature, but these focused mostly on the clinical aspects without detailing radiologic and histologic findings. The authors describe a 70-year-old woman who was diagnosed with tracheal metastasis from a primary rectal cancer.

Transanal rectal foreign body removal using a SILS port.

Rectal foreign bodies are being detected more frequently, and their textures, sizes, shapes, and locations are critical considerations when removal and deciding on management plans. Many removal techniques have been described and various theories have been put forward to explain procedural mechanics. Here the authors report a case in which a transanal technique using a SILS port was successfully used.

Can immunohistochemistry of multidrug-resistant proteins replace the histoculture drug response assay in colorectal adenocarcinomas?

Background/aims: To investigate 1) whether immunohistochemistry of multidrug-resistant (MDR) proteins (MDR1, MRP1, MRP2 and BCRP) in colorectal adenocarcinomas can substitute for histoculture drug response assays (HDRA) and 2) whether chemosensitivity as indicated by HDRA and MDR protein expression is related to prognostic parameters in colorectal cancers.

Methodology: Chemosensitivity of cancer tissues to 5-FU, irinotecan and oxaliplatin was assessed by HDRA. Immunohistochemical staining of MDR proteins was quantified by image analysis in 76 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients.

Expression of estrogen receptors in gastric cancer and their clinical significance.

Backgrounds And Objectives: The male predominance of gastric cancer suggests that female sex hormones may have a protective effect against gastric cancer. We evaluated the expression of estrogen receptors in gastric cancer tissue and cells and the clinical significance of ER-β expression in gastric cancer.

Method: ER-α, ER-β proteins extracted from normal stomach, gastric cancer tissues, and cultured gastric cancer cells (KATO-III, mkn28, mkn45, and mkn74) were assessed by Western blot analysis.

Voiding dysfunction after total mesorectal excision in rectal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the voiding dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery with total mesorectal excision (TME).

Methods: This was part of a prospective study done in the rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery with TME between November 2006 and June 2008. Consecutive uroflowmetry, post-voided residual volume, and a voiding questionnaire were performed at preoperatively and postoperatively.

Small bowel carcinoma in young patient detected by double-balloon enteroscopy.

A 17-year old female presented with a chief complaint of melena and epigastric pain. She had a family history of colon cancer, her mother having been diagnosed with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC). After close examination including double-balloon enteroscopy, the patient was diagnosed with small bowel carcinoma, in spite of her young age.

The role of laparoscopic approach for anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a re-laparoscopic approach to manage anastomotic leakage after minimally invasive colorectal resection and to compare its clinical outcomes with those obtained using an open approach.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical data from 1714 patients who underwent colorectal cancer resection from September 2006 to August 2009 at the Korea University Medical Center. Clinical data from a total of 57 surgery patients who developed anastomotic leakage were analyzed.