Anodized and hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic structure combined with dental pulp stem cells promotes bone formation in a rat calvarial bone defect model.

Purpose: Spark-discharged anodic oxidation coating on commercially pure titanium (SAc.p.Ti) has been shown to promote bone conduction and bone matrix mineralization during new bone formation.

A case series on the basic concept and design of removable partial dentures: support and bracing considerations.

Background: When designing removable partial dentures, maximizing the effectiveness of support and bracing is necessary to minimize denture movement. Therefore, it is essential to emphasize the importance of providing patients with appropriate, safe, and secure removable partial dentures and have clinicians rerecognize the concept and importance of support and bracing. This study aimed to present extension-base removable partial dentures through six specific clinical case series and describe the effect of support and bracing action on denture design, which is essential for denture movement minimization.

Relationship Between Oral Hypofunction and Nutritional Status in Patients Treated With Maxillofacial Prostheses.

Introduction Patients who have jaw or tongue defects owing to head and neck cancer or congenital disease suffer from oral dysfunction such as speech, swallowing, and mastication. Although maxillofacial prostheses are applied to improve oral functions, their oral functions remain compromised compared to those of patients without jaw or tongue defects. On the other hand, it has been reported that oral hypofunction could lead to malnutrition in the general elderly.

Clinical efficacy of mandibular complete dentures with a resilient liner: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: During restoration of poorly fitting complete dentures (CDs) in edentulous patients, liners are used to reconstruct the concave surfaces of CDs with a new base material. These relining materials are classified into resilient liners (RLs) and non-resilient liners (NRLs), but the clinical effects of these liners and their selection criteria remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of relining mandibular CDs using RL and NRL and to conduct a follow-up study.

Sustainable Effects of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell Transplantation on Diabetic Polyneuropathy in Streptozotocine-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Model Mice.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are suitable for use in regenerative medicine. Cryopreserved human DPSCs (hDPSCs) ameliorate diabetic polyneuropathy, and the effects of hDPSC transplantation are related to VEGF and NGF secretion. This study evaluated the long-term effects of a single transplantation of hDPSCs on diabetic polyneuropathy.

Efficacy of extracellular vesicles from dental pulp stem cells for bone regeneration in rat calvarial bone defects.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be secreted by various cells. In particular, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have tissue repair capacity and anti-inflammatory properties. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which are MSCs isolated from pulp tissue, are less invasive to the body than other MSCs and can be collected from young individuals.

Critical review about two myths in fixed dental prostheses: Full-Coverage vs. Resin-Bonded, non-Cantilever vs. Cantilever.

The purpose of this review was to assess the literature regarding four types of fixed dental prostheses (FDPs)/resin-bonded FDPs (RBFDPs) to provide clinicians with a comparative overview of two myths: "RBFDPs are easy to debond in patients' mouths" and "cantilever RBFDPs still have some clinical problems, especially in terms of overloading the abutment teeth and being easy to debond". A total of 782 papers were identified, 753 of which were judged unsuitable and thus excluded, leaving a total of 29 articles for inclusion in this review. The results indicated that 1) Two-retainer RBFDPs achieve clinical results comparable to full-coverage three-unit FDPs; 2) Cantilever RBFDPs show excellent long-term clinical outcomes (especially in incisor teeth) compared with other FDPs; 3) RBFDPs typically show less catastrophic failure than conventional FDPs, rebonding should be considered when debonding occurs; and 4) Cantilever RBFDPs can be recommended as defect replacement prostheses for maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular incisor teeth.

Correlation between the relative abundance of oral bacteria and Candida albicans in denture and dental plaques.

Objectives: The opportunistic fungus Candida albicans is a component of denture plaque and is associated with denture-related stomatitis. Inter-kingdom interactions between C. albicans and bacteria exist in such multi-species biofilms, which may affect the microbial composition of the plaque.

Physicochemical properties of anodized-hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure promote osteogenic differentiation in dental pulp stem cells.

Purpose Implants made of anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure (SA-treated c.p.Ti) may advantageously promote contact osteogenesis during the early stages of healing.

Fabricating nasal prostheses using four-dimensional facial expression models.

Purpose Patients with facial prostheses face challenges such as maintenance of the prosthesis in place, especially around the margins, because of movement of surrounding facial skin. Conventional facial prostheses are fabricated on stationary models based on two points: neutral expression and smiling expression. We developed four-dimensional (4D) facial expression models which shape facial expressions that change over several points in time using a morphing technique.

Transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells ameliorates diabetic polyneuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nude mice: the role of angiogenic and neurotrophic factors.

Background: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) have high proliferation and multi-differentiation capabilities that maintain their functionality after cryopreservation. In our previous study, we demonstrated that cryopreserved rat DPSCs improved diabetic polyneuropathy and that the efficacy of cryopreserved rat DPSCs was equivalent to that of freshly isolated rat DPSCs. The present study was conducted to evaluate whether transplantation of cryopreserved human DPSCs (hDPSCs) is also effective for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy.

Importance of interim restorations in the molar region.

Interim restoration protects abutment teeth and periodontal tissues until prosthetic treatment ends with the fabrication of a definitive prosthesis, restores and maintains the functions and morphology of the stomatognathic system, and preserves the occlusal contact relationship. Temporary prostheses are used for a short time, to confirm the diagnosis and treatment plan. However, because interim restorations are used only briefly, their importance in ensuring the success of definitive prostheses is often overlooked.

Biological and Biochemical Roles of Two Distinct Cyclic Dimeric Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate- Associated Phosphodiesterases in .

Cyclic dimeric adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (c-di-AMP), a recently identified secondary messenger in bacteria, plays a role in several bacterial processes, including biofilm formation. It is enzymatically produced by diadenylate cyclase and cleaved by c-di-AMP phosphodiesterase. c-di-AMP is believed to be essential for the viability of bacterial cells that produce it.

Development of three-dimensional facial expression models using morphing methods for fabricating facial prostheses.

Purpose: It is essential to fabricate a best-fit three-dimensional (3D) facial prosthesis model capable of facial expressions. In order for the facial prosthesis to remain in position, especially around marginal areas subject to movement, a new method of making 3D facial expression models using time-series data allowing changes in facial expression by morphing technique was developed.

Methods: Seven normal subjects and seven patients with nasal defects or nasal deformities participated in this study.

Fracture strength testing of crowns made of CAD/CAM composite resins.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite resin crowns have sufficient strength to withstand the bite force of the molar teeth. The null hypothesis was that the fracture strength of CAD/CAM composite resin crowns is lower than the average maximum bite force of the molar tooth.

Methods: The crowns, which shape is the right maxillary first molar, were fabricated using four CAD/CAM blanks made of composite resins (Block HC: HC, KZR-CAD HR: HR, KZR-CAD HR2: HR2, Avencia Block: AVE) and one CAD/CAM blank made of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.

Transplantation of dental pulp stem cells improves long-term diabetic polyneuropathy together with improvement of nerve morphometrical evaluation.

Background: Although previous reports have revealed the therapeutic potential of stem cell transplantation in diabetic polyneuropathy, the effects of cell transplantation on long-term diabetic polyneuropathy have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated whether the transplantation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) ameliorated long-term diabetic polyneuropathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Forty-eight weeks after STZ injection, we transplanted DPSCs into the unilateral hindlimb skeletal muscles.

Three CoA Transferases Involved in the Production of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, which produces butyrate and acetyl-CoA from butyryl-CoA and acetate, is responsible for the final step of butyrate production in bacteria. This study demonstrates that in the periodontopathogenic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis this reaction is not catalyzed by PGN_1171, previously annotated as butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, but by three distinct CoA transferases, PGN_0725, PGN_1341, and PGN_1888. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and spectrophotometric analyses were performed using crude enzyme extracts from deletion mutant strains and purified recombinant proteins.

Acyl-CoA reductase PGN_0723 utilizes succinyl-CoA to generate succinate semialdehyde in a butyrate-producing pathway of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

The molecular basis of butyrate production in Porphyromonas gingivalis has not been fully elucidated, even though butyrate, a short chain fatty acid (SCFA), can exert both beneficial and harmful effects on a mammalian host. A database search showed that the amino acid sequence of PGN_0723 protein was 50.6% identical with CoA-dependent succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) in Clostridium kluyveri.

Anodized-hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure regulates integrin-α6β4 and laminin-5 gene expression in adherent murine gingival epithelial cells.

Purpose: Peri-implant epithelium associated with the structure of the internal basal lamina is in contact with a transmucosal portion of the endosseous implant surface. This contact is important to protect the many complex factors required for the long-term stability and maintenance of the implant. This study investigated the effect of initial adhesion of gingival epithelial cells to anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium with nanotopographic structure (SA-treated c.

Physicochemical state of the nanotopographic surface of commercially pure titanium following anodization-hydrothermal treatment reveals significantly improved hydrophilicity and surface energy profiles.

A method of coating commercially pure titanium (cpTi) implants with a highly crystalline, thin hydroxyapatite (HA) layer using discharge anodic oxidation followed by hydrothermal treatment (Spark discharged Anodic oxidation treatment ; SA-treated cpTi) has been reported for use in clinical dentistry. We hypothesized that a thin HA layer with high crystallinity and nanostructured anodic titanium oxide film on such SA-treated cpTi implant surfaces might be a crucial function of their surface-specific potential energy. To test this, we analyzed anodic oxide (AO) cpTi and SA-treated cpTi disks by SEM and AFM.

Biological behavior of fibroblast-like cells cultured on anodized-hydrothermally treated titanium with a nanotopographic surface structure.

Purpose: The interface between the transmucosal portion of endosseous implants surface and the connective tissue is characterized by fibroblast-rich barrier tissue, which is important for the long-term stability and maintenance of the implant. This study investigated the effect of cell adhesion on focal adhesion kinase (FAK) protein and on gene expression over a 72-h culture period. Fibroblast-like cells were cultured on anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium with nanotopographic structure (SA-treated c.

Clenching occurring during the day is influenced by psychological factors.

Purpose: We investigated the relationship between clenching occurring during the day under natural conditions and psychological attributes.

Method: Subjects were 37 dentistry students and staff (14 women, 23 men; mean age 27.4±4.

Characterization of the surface deposition on anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium after immersion in simulated body fluid.

Purpose: The interface phenomena between anodized-hydrothermally treated commercially pure titanium (SA-treated c.p.Ti) endosseous implants and biological tissue are important in osseous wound healing.