S100A9 induces tissue remodeling of human nasal epithelium in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp.

Background: Chronic inflammation triggers tissue remodeling in human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells. S100A9, a protein secreted by inflammatory cells, exhibits potent proinflammatory activity. However, its effect on HNE cell remodeling, such as squamous metaplasia, remains unclear.

Calprotectin in chronic rhinosinusitis eosinophil extracellular traps.

Background: Calprotectin is an antimicrobial peptide primarily secreted by neutrophils. Furthermore, calprotectin secretion increases in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with polyps (CRSwNP) and positively correlates with neutrophil markers. However, CRSwNP is known to be associated with type 2 inflammation related to tissue eosinophilia.

Antimicrobial Activity of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) against the Most Common Causes of Infective Endocarditis.

Exebacase, a recombinantly produced lysin (cell wall hydrolase), and comparator antibiotics were tested by the broth microdilution method against strain sets of and spp., which are the most common causes of infective endocarditis in humans. Exebacase was active against all spp.

Postantibiotic and Sub-MIC Effects of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) Enhance Antimicrobial Activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

CF-301 (exebacase) is a recombinantly produced bacteriophage-derived lysin (cell wall hydrolase) and is the first agent of this class to enter clinical development in the United States for treating bacteremia including endocarditis due to Whereas rapid bactericidal activity is the hallmark and response to CF-301 at exposures higher than the MIC, prolonged antimicrobial activity, mediated by cell wall damage, is predicted at concentrations less than the MIC. In the current study, a series of pharmacodynamic parameters, including the postantibiotic effect (PAE), postantibiotic sub-MIC effect (PA-SME), and sub-MIC effect (SME), were studied to determine how short-duration and sub-MIC CF-301 exposures affect the growth of surviving staphylococci and extend its antimicrobial activity. Mean PAE, PA-SME, and SME values up to 4.