Low-Noise Millimeter-Wave Down-Conversion Technology for Chip-Scaled Optical Clocks.

This article reports on a millimeter-wave (MM-wave) signal down-conversion system with low phase noise for chip-scaled optical clocks. The system utilizes analog regenerative frequency division, low-noise fractional frequency division, and phase-locked frequency division techniques to down-convert a 100 GHz MM-wave signal to 100 MHz with phase noise of -117 dBc/Hz @100 Hz, -133 dBc/Hz @1 kHz, and 10 MHz with phase noise of -124 dBc/Hz @100 Hz and -143 dBc/Hz @1 kHz. The frequency stability of the signal down-converted to 100 MHz is 5.

Neural evidence of implicit emotion regulation deficits: An explorative study of comparing PTSD with and without alcohol dependence.

Background: Previous studies have identified psychiatric comorbidity, including alcohol dependence (AD), as a significant factor in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is a lack of evidence on how best to treat comorbid PTSD and AD. Poor emotion regulation may be a key potential mechanism of PTSD and AD comorbidity.

Methods: Seventy-four participants (48 women and 26 men) include three groups: a healthy control group (HC group, N = 20), a PTSD without alcohol dependence group (PTSD without AD group, N = 36), and a PTSD with alcohol dependence group (PTSD with AD group, N = 18).

A Study on Sensitivity Improvement of the Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensing System Based on Sagnac Interference.

A new pickup structure was introduced and modified to improve the resolution of the linear Sagnac optical fiber acoustic sensing system. The maximum strains corresponding to the material, diameter, wall thickness, and height of the pickups were analyzed by simulation. An aluminum cylinder with a diameter of 110 mm, a wall thickness of 3 mm, and a height of 120 mm was chosen as the basic pickup.

A 44-cm3 physics package for the high-performance pulsed optically pumped atomic clock.

The pulsed optically pumped (POP) atomic clock has demonstrated unexpected performance in terms of frequency stability and drift. However, it remains a huge challenge to make this type of atomic clock more compact. Herein, we report the design of a miniaturized physics package, which is equipped with a magnetron microwave cavity holding a vapor cell of 1.

Intrinsic disruption of white matter microarchitecture in major depressive disorder: A voxel-based meta analysis of diffusion tensor imaging.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and disabling mood disorder, thought to be linked with brain white matter (WM) alterations. Prior diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported inconsistent changes in fractional anisotropy (FA) across different brain regions in MDD patients. However, none of these studies utilized raw t-map data for WM meta-analysis in MDD.

The emerging and diverse roles of F-box proteins in spermatogenesis and male infertility.

F-box proteins play essential roles in various cellular processes of spermatogenesis by means of ubiquitylation and subsequent target protein degradation. They are the substrate-recognition subunits of SKP1-cullin 1-F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes. Dysregulation of F‑box protein‑mediated proteolysis could lead to male infertility in humans and mice.

Ophiopogonin D improves oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic β cells induced by hydrogen peroxide through Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood sugar. Due to its complex pathogenesis, no effective drugs have been found so far. Ophiopogonin D (OP-D) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, but its role in DM has not been studied so far.

Two wavelength band emission WGM lasers via photo-isomerization.

Wavelength switchable microcavity is indispensable component for various integrated photonic devices. However, achieving two wavelength band emission of the whispering gallery mode (WGM) laser is challenging. Here, we propose a strategy to realize two wavelength band emission WGM lasers activated by photo-isomerization based on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process in isolated/coupled polymer microfiber cavities.

Transferable microfiber laser arrays for high-sensitivity thermal sensing.

Functional microfibers have attracted extensive attention due to their potential in health monitoring, radiation cooling, power management and luminescence. Among these, polymer fiber-based microlasers have plentiful applications due to their merits of full color, high quality factor and simple fabrication. However, developing a facile approach to fabricate stable microfiber lasing devices for high-sensitivity thermal sensing is still challenging.

Tunable random lasers via phase transition for information encryption.

Introducing phase transition materials to random systems provides a promising route to create new optoelectronic functionalities of random lasers. Here, a phase transition random laser with switchable lasing modes is reported, which is designed with a thermoresponsive hydrogel as scattering medium. By manipulating the phase transition in hydrogel, random lasing modes can be switched reversibility between incoherent and coherent random lasing.

Nonpolar Solvent Modulated Inkjet Printing of Nanoparticle Self-Assembly Morphologies.

Patterning of luminescent nanomaterials is critical in the fields of display and information encryption, and inkjet printing technology have shown remarkable significance with the advantage of fast, large-scalable and integrative. However, inkjet printing nanoparticle deposits with high-resolution and well controlled morphology from nonpolar solvent droplets is still challenging. Herein, a facile approach of nonpolar solvent modulated inkjet printing of nanoparticles self-assembly patterns driven by the shrinkage of the droplet and inner solutal convection is proposed.

Analysis on the resource and environmental carrying capacity of coal city based on improved system dynamics model: a case study of Huainan, China.

As the major energy bases, numerous coal cities in China are facing severe challenges in terms of resources and environment. In order to overcome the disadvantages of static evaluation, this study selected Huainan city, a typical coal city in China, as the case, and combined with the improved SD (system dynamics) model, analyzed its RECC (resource and environmental carrying capacity) systematically and dynamically. Firstly, a SD model of RECC system including resource-environment and society-economy subsystem was constructed.

Study on the differences of gut microbiota composition between phlegm-dampness syndrome and qi-yin deficiency syndrome in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of complex medical conditions that can lead to serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), MS can be divided into two main subtypes termed 'phlegm-dampness syndrome' (TSZE) and 'qi-yin deficiency syndrome' (QYLX). At present, the research into intestinal microbiota of different TCM syndromes of MS and its association with clinical manifestation is lacking.

Dynamic manipulation of WGM lasing by tailoring the coupling strength.

Miniaturized lasing with dynamic manipulation is critical to the performance of compact and versatile photonic devices. However, it is still a challenge to manipulate the whispering gallery mode lasing modes dynamically. Here, we design the quasi-three-dimensional coupled cavity by a micromanipulation technique.

An all-optical tunable polymer WGM laser pumped by a laser diode.

An all-optical tunable whispering gallery mode (WGM) laser pumped by a laser diode is proposed. The laser is fabricated by filling a silica capillary with a light-emitting conjugated polymer solution. Based on the thermo-optic effect of the hydroxyl groups in the polymer and capillary, the effective refractive index of the WGM cavity changes by the auxiliary irradiation of the laser, and the wavelength of the WGM mode shifts correspondingly.

Electrically Tunable Polymer Whispering-Gallery-Mode Laser.

Microlasers hold great promise for the development of photonics and optoelectronics. At present, tunable microcavity lasers, especially regarding in situ dynamic tuning, are still the focus of research. In this study, we combined a 0.

Dual chaos encryption for color images enabled in a WGM-random hybrid microcavity.

Chaotic cryptography as an important means for digital image encryption has become a great cryptographic project in the current information age. As a novel microcavity laser, a random laser (RL) has a natural advantage for a chaotic system, relying on its spectral randomness. Nevertheless, this encrypted image generally suffers from outline exposition when an unsuitable key from a single RL spectrum is employed.

Development and tuning of the microwave resonant cavity of a cryogenic cesium atomic fountain clock.

A cryogenic cesium atomic fountain clock is a novel clock with the microwave cavity and atomic free flight region placed in liquid nitrogen. On the one hand, the blackbody radiation shift is reduced at cryogenic temperature. On the other hand, the vacuum in the atomic free flight region is optimized, and the background gas collision shift reduced.

A Network Pharmacology Study on the Active Components and Targets of the Radix Ginseng and Radix Bupleuri Herb Pair for Treating Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Objective: To explore the potential active components and corresponding target herb pairs of Radix Ginseng (Renshen) and Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu) in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.

Methods: The active components and potential targets of the herb pair of Renshen and Chaihu were screened through a network database system, and Venn analysis was performed with the obtained NAFLD targets. The intersecting targets were analysed for gene ontology (GO) functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathways, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated.

The Application of Low-Frequency Transition in the Assessment of the Second-Order Zeeman Frequency Shift.

Second-order Zeeman frequency shift is one of the major systematic factors affecting the frequency uncertainty performance of cesium atomic fountain clock. Second-order Zeeman frequency shift is calculated by experimentally measuring the central frequency of the (1,1) or (-1,-1) magnetically sensitive Ramsey transition. The low-frequency transition method can be used to measure the magnetic field strength and to predict the central fringe of (1,1) or (-1,-1) magnetically sensitive Ramsey transition.

Study on ecological security evaluation of Anhui Province based on normal cloud model.

As the main driving force for the economic development of East China, the economic development of Anhui has been in good state in recent years. In 2019, the GDP of Anhui Province has reached 3711.4 billion yuan with an increase of 7.

Mangiferin Promotes Bregs Level, Activates Nrf2 Antioxidant Signaling, and Inhibits Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression in Murine Splenic Mononuclear Cells In Vitro.

Recent studies indicated that regulatory B cells (Bregs) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant signaling pathway play important roles in the pathogenesis of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Mangiferin (MA), a polyphenol compound, has been reported to activate Nrf2/antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) signaling pathway. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of MA on Bregs and Nrf2 antioxidant signaling in murine splenic mononuclear cells (MNCs) in vitro.

Development of a Laser Gas Analyzer for Fast CO and HO Flux Measurements Utilizing Derivative Absorption Spectroscopy at a 100 Hz Data Rate.

We report the development of a laser gas analyzer that measures gas concentrations at a data rate of 100 Hz. This fast data rate helps eddy covariance calculations for gas fluxes in turbulent high wind speed environments. The laser gas analyzer is based on derivative laser absorption spectroscopy and set for measurements of water vapor (HO, at wavelength ~1392 nm) and carbon dioxide (CO, at ~2004 nm).