Giant X-Ray Circular Dichroism in a Time-Reversal Invariant Antiferromagnet.

X-ray circular dichroism, arising from the contrast in X-ray absorption between opposite photon helicities, serves as a spectroscopic tool to measure the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials and identify the handedness of chiral crystals. Antiferromagnets with crystallographic chirality typically lack X-ray magnetic circular dichroism because of time-reversal symmetry, yet exhibit weak X-ray natural circular dichroism. Here, the observation of giant natural circular dichroism in the Ni L-edge X-ray absorption of NiTeO is reported, a polar and chiral antiferromagnet with effective time-reversal symmetry.

Outcomes of regenerative treatment for over 200 patients with tympanic membrane perforation.

Objective: To evaluate outcomes of a regenerative treatment (RT) for over 200 patients with tympanic membrane perforation (TMP). The RT-TMP method involves a gelatin sponge, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and fibrin glue.

Methods: The study population included 216 patients and 234 ears (male: female =100:116; age 1-93 years).

Radiomics model of diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background signal suppression (DWIBS) for predicting axillary lymph node status in breast cancer.

Background: In breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, non-invasive prediction of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis can help avoid complications related to sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate machine learning models using radiomics features extracted from diffusion-weighted whole-body imaging with background signal suppression (DWIBS) examination for predicting the ALN status.

Methods: A total of 100 patients with histologically proven, invasive, clinically N0 breast cancer who underwent DWIBS examination consisting of short tau inversion recovery (STIR) and DWIBS sequences before surgery were enrolled.

Construction of brain area risk map for decision making using surgical navigation and motor evoked potential monitoring information.

Purpose: Surgical devices or systems typically operate in a stand-alone manner, making it difficult to perform integration analysis of both intraoperative anatomical and functional information. To address this issue, the intraoperative information integration system OPeLiNK was developed. The objective of this study is to generate information for decision making using surgical navigation and intraoperative monitoring information accumulated in the OPeLiNK database and to analyze its utility.

Analyzing the Local Electronic Structure of CoO Using 2p3d Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering.

We present the cobalt 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of CoO. Guided by multiplet simulation, the excited states at 0.5 and 1.

Robotic Technology in Operating Rooms: a Review.

Purpose Of Review: With the rapid growth and development of robotic technology, its implementation in medical fields has also been significantly increasing, with the transition from the period of mainly using surgical robots to the era with combinations of multiple types of robots. Therefore, this paper introduces the newest robotic systems and technology applied in operating rooms as well as their architectures for integration.

Recent Findings: Besides surgical robots, other types of robotic devices and machines such as diagnostic and treatment devices with robotic operating tables, robotic microscopes, and assistant robots for surgeons emerge one after another, improving the quality of surgery from different aspects.

Current Landscape of Sonodynamic Therapy for Treating Cancer.

Recent advancements have tangibly changed the cancer treatment landscape. However, curative therapy for this dreadful disease remains an unmet need. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a minimally invasive anti-cancer therapy involving a chemical sonosensitizer and focused ultrasound.

Combined effect of pulmonary rehabilitation and music therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

[Purpose] We aimed to analyze parameters of pulmonary function and physiological, psychological, and physical factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and music therapy (MT). [Participants and Methods] This randomized crossover comparative study included in-patients diagnosed with COPD and a ratio of forced expiratory volume measured at the first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) of <70% after administration of a bronchodilator. Patients were randomly divided into two groups that received either PR only or MT and PR (n=13 each).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020).

The Japanese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2020 (J-SSCG 2020), a Japanese-specific set of clinical practice guidelines for sepsis and septic shock created as revised from J-SSCG 2016 jointly by the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, was first released in September 2020 and published in February 2021. An English-language version of these guidelines was created based on the contents of the original Japanese-language version. The purpose of this guideline is to assist medical staff in making appropriate decisions to improve the prognosis of patients undergoing treatment for sepsis and septic shock.

Two new records of powdery mildews () from Japan: sp. nov. and sp. on .

on is described based on morphological and molecular data. is distinguished from var. by having irregularly to dichotomously branched chasmothecial appendages, larger chasmothecia sizes and numbers of asci per chasmothecium.

Saturation and self-absorption effects in the angle-dependent 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra of Co.

Angle-dependent 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectra of a LaCoO single crystal and a 55 nm LaCoO film on a SrTiO substrate are presented. Theoretical calculation shows that, with ∼20 meV resolved Co 2p3d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS), the excited states of the isotropic A(O) ground state are split by 3d spin-orbit coupling, which can be distinguished via their angular dependence. However, strong self-absorption and saturation effects distort the spectra of the LaCoO single crystal and limit the observation of small angular dependence.

The characteristics and clinical course of patients with COVID-19 who received invasive mechanical ventilation in Osaka, Japan.

Objective: To describe the detailed clinical course of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who received invasive mechanical ventilation.

Methods: We conducted a case series of patients with COVID-19 who received invasive mechanical ventilation in Osaka, Japan, between January 29 and May 28, 2020. We describe the patient characteristics and clinical course from onset.

Video-based neonatal state assessment method for timing of procedures.

Background: Procedures should be performed when an infant is most receptive to disruptions in order to reduce the stress on the infant. However, frequent direct observations place a heavy burden on medical staff. There is therefore a need for a method for quantitatively and automatically evaluating the neonatal state.

The iArmS Robotic Armrest Prolongs Endoscope Lens-Wiping Intervals in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

. Fouling of the endoscope lens is a major problem in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We examined whether the use of the intelligent arm support system (iArmS), a robotic armrest, could prolong endoscope lens-wiping intervals in ESS and thus allow for continuously clear endoscopic images.

GATOR: connecting integrated operating room solutions based on the IEEE 11073 SDC and ORiN standards.

Purpose: Medical device interoperability in operating rooms (OR) provides advantages for both, patients and physicians. Several approaches were made to provide standards for successful device integration. However, with high heterogeneity of standards in the market, device vendors may reject these approaches.

Function of Epirubicin-Conjugated Polymeric Micelles in Sonodynamic Therapy.

The combinatory use of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and epirubicin (EPI)-conjugated polymeric micellar nanoparticles (NC-6300) is thought to be a less invasive and more efficient method of cancer therapy. To investigate the mechanism underlying the combination effect, we examined the effect of trigger-pulsed HIFU (TP-HIFU) and NC-6300 from the perspective of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which is considered the primary function of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and changes in drug characteristics. TP-HIFU is an effective sequence for generating hydroxyl radicals to kill cancer cells.

Sonodynamic Therapy With Anticancer Micelles and High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Treatment of Canine Cancer.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a minimally invasive anticancer therapy involving a chemical sonosensitizer and high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). SDT enables the reduction of drug dose and HIFU irradiation power compared to those of conventional monotherapies. In our previous study, mouse models of colon and pancreatic cancer were used to confirm the effectiveness of SDT vs.

Profile of the ORION (Osaka emergency information Research Intelligent Operation Network system) between 2015 and 2016 in Osaka, Japan: a population-based registry of emergency patients with both ambulance and in-hospital records.

Aim: To describe the registry design of the Osaka Emergency Information Research Intelligent Operation Network system (ORION) and its profile of hospital information, patient and emergency medical service characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes among all patients transported to critical care centers and emergency hospitals in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.

Methods: The Osaka Prefecture Government has developed and introduced an information system for emergency patients (the ORION system) that uses a smartphone application (app) for hospital selection by on-scene emergency medical service personnel and has been accumulating all ambulance records. Since January 2015, medical institutions have obtained information on the diagnosis and outcome of patients transported to medical institutions, and the ORION system merged these data with ambulance records including smartphone app data.

Usefulness of a Newly Developed Ultrasonic Microdissector in Neurosurgery: A Preliminary Experimental Study.

Background: Dissection and division of tissues are widely performed in microscopic neurosurgery, especially in brain tumor resection. Dissection maneuvers can be divided into two types: sharp dissection with microscissors and blunt dissection using a dissector. It is essential to use the appropriate method according to the intraoperative situation and conditions.

Intelligent Surgeon's Arm Supporting System iArmS in Microscopic Neurosurgery Utilizing Robotic Technology.

Background: Based on our previous reports, stabilizing the surgeon's arm with an intraoperative armrest is linked to improved precision of microsurgical and endoscopic procedures. We developed the robotic intelligent surgeon's arm supporting system iArmS, which automatically follows the surgeon's arm and fixes it at an adequate position.

Methods: iArmS has 3 states-free, hold, and wait-which can be carefully chosen automatically as follows: In free state, the armholder follows the surgeon's arm.

Giant thermal hysteresis in Verwey transition of single domain FeO nanoparticles.

Most interesting phenomena of condensed matter physics originate from interactions among different degrees of freedom, making it a very intriguing yet challenging question how certain ground states emerge from only a limited number of atoms in assembly. This is especially the case for strongly correlated electron systems with overwhelming complexity. The Verwey transition of FeO is a classic example of this category, of which the origin is still elusive 80 years after the first report.