Treatment-related skin reactions in enfortumab vedotin as a surrogate marker of survival and treatment response.

Background: Treatment-related skin reactions (TRSRs) induced by enfortumab vedotin (EV) targeting nectin-4 are among the most common adverse events. However, their association with survival and treatment response is poorly understood.

Methods: We retrospectively identified patients who received EV from December 2021 to April 2023 at Nagoya University Hospital and its affiliated facilities and extracted clinical data from their medical records.

Efficacy of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy compared to conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for completely endophytic renal tumor: a multicenter, prospective study.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy for completely endophytic renal tumors with the reported outcomes of conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy and investigate the transition of renal function after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, single-arm, open-label trial across 17 academic centers in Japan. Patients with endophytic renal tumors classified as cT1, cN0, cM0 were included and underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Necrotising fasciitis with extensive necrosis caused by Lactobacillus: a case report.

Background: Necrotising fasciitis (NF) is a life-threatening soft-tissue infection that rapidly destroys the epidermis, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia. Despite their low virulence, Lactobacillus spp. can cause NF, and because of its rare incidence, there is limited information about its molecular and clinicopathological characteristics.

Efficacy of the Addition of Robot-assisted Radical Cystectomy with Extracorporeal Urinary Diversion after an Enhanced Recovery Protocol.

Purpose: It is unclear if robotic radical cystectomy with extracorporeal urinary diversion (eRARC) provides additional benefit when performed along with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). We assessed the additional efficacy of eRARC in terms of perioperative outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively assessed 143 patients undergoing radical cystectomy with urinary diversion between June 2010 and December 2021 at a single center.

Recent insights on the clinical, pathological, and molecular features of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, a unique histopathologic entity that is often observed (especially in advanced prostate cancer), is characterized by the proliferation of malignant cells within normal acini or ducts surrounded by a basement membrane. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate is almost invariably associated with an adjacent high-grade carcinoma and is occasionally observed as an isolated subtype. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate has been demonstrated to be an independent poor prognostic factor for all stages of cancer, whether localized, de novo metastatic, or castration-resistant.

Early restricted oxygen therapy after resuscitation from cardiac arrest (ER-OXYTRAC): protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Cardiac arrest is a critical condition, and patients often experience postcardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) even after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Administering a restricted amount of oxygen in the early phase after ROSC has been suggested as a potential therapy for PCAS; however, the optimal target for arterial partial pressure of oxygen or peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) to safely and effectively reduce oxygen remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to validate the efficacy of restricted oxygen treatment with 94%-95% of the target SpO during the initial 12 hours after ROSC for patients with PCAS.

Relationship between the number of lymph nodes dissected and prognosis in muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Objectives: Many studies have shown a good prognostic association with a large number of lymph node dissections. However, most of these studies did not include patients who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship between survival outcomes and the number of lymph nodes removed during radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer in the era of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Impact of Histological Variants on Clinical Responses to Pembrolizumab in Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Cancer.

Background: The efficacy of anti-programmed celldeath protein 1 treatment in patients with urothelial carcinoma (UC) with molecular subtypes of histological variants has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the impact of histological variants classified according to molecular subtypes on clinical outcomes in patients with platinum-resistant metastatic UC treated with pembrolizumab.

Patients And Methods: Data of 168 patients with metastatic UC who received intravenous pembrolizumab after platinum-based chemotherapy between December 2017 and November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

[ADOPTION OF ENHANCED RECOVERY AFTER SURGERY (ERAS) PROTOCOL FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADICAL CYSTECTOMY IN JAPAN].

(Objectives) The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are standardized and multimodal perioperative care pathways designed to improve surgical outcomes by minimizing stress response and inflammation following surgery. First adopted in colorectal surgery, ERAS is now being employed in various other types of surgeries, most recently in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC). Implementation of ERAS protocols resulted in reductions in perioperative complication rates and length of hospital stay (LOS).

The Principles of Revised Clinical Guidelines about Palliative Sedation Therapy of the Japanese Society for Palliative Medicine.

When the suffering of a terminally ill patient is intolerable and refractory, sedatives are sometimes used for symptom relief. To describe the main principles of revised Japanese clinical guidelines about palliative sedation therapy. Consensus methods using the Delphi technique were used.

[A CASE OF RENAL UNDIFFERENTIATED/UNCLASSIFIED SARCOMA WITH LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER PRIMARY AND METASTATIC LESIONS].

(Case) A 56-year-old woman who complained of urinary frequency and macrohematuria. Abdominal US, enhanced CT and MRI revealed a left renal tumor. A left radical nephrectomy was performed in May 1997, and the pathological diagnosis was renal fibrosarcoma.

Efficacy of zoledronic acid in older prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of annual zoledronic acid treatment in Japanese patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer during androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

Methods: This is a single institution 12-month study. Between 2016 and 2019, patients aged 70 years or older on ADT for nonmetastatic prostate cancer had bone mineral density (BMD) measured and 10-year probability of fracture calculated using fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX).

[ABDOMINAL MASS AND ASCITES AS RISK FACTORS OF PELVIC ORGAN PROLAPSE].

(Objective) A rise of intra-abdominal pressure may exacerbate pelvic organ prolapse (POP) as well as abdominal hernias. This paper aims to assess the possible risk factors of an abdominal mass and ascites as comorbidities of POP. (Methods) We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 2,748 POP patients between 2010 and 2016 and extracted eight cases (0.

[POSTOPERATIVE CHRONIC PAIN FOLLOWING MESH AND NON-MESH REPAIR OF PELPIC ORGAN PROLAPSE].

(Objective) A FDA alert in 2011 warned about postoperative chronic pain following transvaginal mesh (TVM) for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We studied cases with chronic pain after TVM, natural tissue repair (NTR) and laparoscopic salcocopopexy (LSC). (Methods) We retrospectively reviewed medical charts of patients who underwent POP operations in our hospital or were referred to us after POP operations in other hospitals between 2006 and 2016.

[A CASE OF SUCCESSFUL MANAGEMENT BY LH-RH AGONIST FOR VESICOUTERINE FISTULA AFTER CESAREAN SECTION].

(Case) A 31-year-old woman noticed lower abdominal pain and urinary incontinence after voiding one month after third cesarean section. Cystoscopy and cystourethrography demonstrated a vesicouterine fistula at the posterior wall of the bladder. She complained of paroxysmal lower abdominal pain and slight incontinence without urge after voiding several times a month, which presented before and after menorrhea.

Adding items that assess changes in activities of daily living does not improve the predictive accuracy of the Palliative Prognostic Index.

Background: Changes in activities of daily living in cancer patients may predict their survival. The Palliative Prognostic Index is a useful tool to evaluate cancer patients, and adding an item about activities of daily living changes might improve its predictive value.

Aim: To clarify whether adding an item about activities of daily living changes improves the accuracy of Palliative Prognostic Index.

Validation of the Simplified Palliative Prognostic Index Using a Single Item From the Communication Capacity Scale.

Context: Although the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) is a reliable and validated tool to predict the survival of terminally ill cancer patients, all clinicians cannot always precisely diagnose delirium.

Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to examine the predictive value of a simplified PPI. In the simplified PPI, a single item from the Communication Capacity Scale was substituted for the delirium item of the original.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma in leukemic presentation: a case report and a review of the literature.

It is extremely rare that a patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) demonstrates circulating lymphoma cells. A 10-year-old Japanese boy was presented with high-grade fever and cough. The physical examination revealed marked hepatosplenomegaly with ascites and lymphadenopathy in the cervical and periauricular areas.

Primary Ewing's sarcoma family tumors of the lung a case report and review of the literature.

Ewing's sarcoma family tumors (ESFT) have been reported to originate in a variety of sites, most commonly in the extremities. We herein report a case of a primary ESFT of the lung presenting in an 8-year-old boy. A histological examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained sections showed a homogeneous population of closely packed small neoplastic cells.

Bone marrow transplantation in children with severe aplastic anemia using a conditioning regimen containing 3 Gy of total body irradiation, cyclophosphamide with or without antithymocyte globulin.

We have employed the 3 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) containing conditioning regimen to bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA) in pediatric patients irrespective of donor type since March 1986. The outcome of BMT for 17 SAA patients is favorable. Eight patients received BMT from human leukocyte antigen matched-related donors (MRD) and nine received BMT from alternative donors.

Infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and a germline MLL gene are highly curable with use of chemotherapy alone: results from the Japan Infant Leukemia Study Group.

Although infants with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and a germline MLL gene have a better prognosis than comparable infants with a rearranged MLL gene, their optimal therapy is controversial. In 2 consecutive studies, conducted between 1996 and 2002, we treated 22 cases of infant ALL with germline MLL using chemotherapy alone. The 5-year event-free survival rate was 95.

Acute lymphocytic leukemia in adolescence with multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia mediated by lymphoblast-producing parathyroid hormone-related peptide: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Osteopathy is one of the common initial symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in children and adolescents, but multiple osteolysis accompanied by hypercalcemia is rarely observed.

Procedure: We treated a 14-year-old female who had multiple osteolytic lesions and hypercalcemia at initial onset of ALL. In this case we examined some humoral factors, which are known to associate with hypercalcemia in malignancies.

[Methotrexate-induced interstitial pneumonitis in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

We report a case of 5-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed interstitial pneumonitis induced by methotrexate (MTX). The patient was hospitalized with fever, cough, dyspnea and hypoxemia during maintenance treatment with low dose MTX and 6-mercaptopurine. A diagnosis of MTX pneumonitis was made based on the clinical findings, viral and serologic studies, negative microbiology and the radiological features.