Endoscopic Management for Recurrent Hydrocephalus Associated with Neurosarcoidosis.

Background: Recurrent hydrocephalus may occur as a complication of neurosarcoidosis with chronic inflammation. We present a case that required a combination of multistage endoscopic diversion of the cerebrospinal fluid pathway and shunt surgery.

Case Description: A 34-year-old man presented with progressive nausea and vomiting.

[Repeated Rupture of Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysms in a Short Period in Association with Polyarteritis Nodosa:A Case Report].

Cerebral involvement is rare in polyarteritis nodosa(PAN);furthermore, secondary intracranial hemorrhage due to cerebral aneurysm is extremely rare. We describe an unusual case of repeated subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)in a 64-year-old woman with a history of PAN. Initially, she developed severe headache(probable first SAH, day 0), and presented at our hospital with second severe headache with disturbed consciousness on day 6.

Onyx removal after embolization of a superior sagittal sinus dural arteriovenous fistula involving scalp artery.

Background: Most dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in superior sagittal sinus (SSS) requires multimodal treatment. Onyx embolization is useful for DAVF; however, scalp artery embolization has cast extrusion risk.

Case Description: A 59-year-old male presented with involuntary movements of both legs and progressive dementia.

Transient disappearance of microbleeds in the subacute period based on T2*-weighted gradient echo imaging in traumatic brain injury.

We report three cases of traumatic microbleeds evaluated by sequential observation. Hypo-intensities on T2* gradient echo imaging (T2*GEI) appeared just 2-3 h after the injury (the hyper-acute period). However, these hypo-intensities on T2*GEI disappeared or became obscure 2-6 days after the injury (the subacute period).

Postprandial Hypotension and Coma Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease.

A 79-year-old woman with a history of Parkinson's disease was admitted to our hospital because of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. She underwent clipping the next day. On postoperative days 7-9, she exhibited hypotension and disturbance of consciousness after each meal.

[Progressive Intracranial Hypertension due to Superior Sagittal Sinus Thrombosis Following Mild Head Trauma: A Case Report].

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis after mild head trauma without skull fracture or intracranial hematoma is exceptionally rare. We describe an unusual case of progressive intracranial hypertension due to superior sagittal sinus thrombosis following mild head trauma. A 17-year-old boy presented with nape pain a day after a head blow during a gymnastics competition (backward double somersault).

Surgical Treatment of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula in the Sphenoid Wing with a Unique Drainage Pattern through the Basal Vein of Rosenthal.

A 69-year-old man consulted our department regarding further examination because abnormal venous ectasia of the basal vein of Rosenthal (BVR) was accidentally found on magnetic resonance imaging. Angiography revealed a dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the left sphenoid wing; the fistula was supplied by the ophthalmic artery and the middle meningeal artery. Venous drainage from the fistula consisted of a large collector vein located in the temporal tip, which drained into the BVR.

Contralateral hearing loss after acoustic neuroma surgery.

A 74-year-old man suffered contralateral hearing loss after left acoustic neuroma surgery. Steroid therapy was administered, but no improvement was observed. Contralateral hearing loss is an extremely rare and distressing complication that can occur following acoustic neuroma surgery.

[Pure motor monoparesis of a lower limb due to head injury: a case report].

A 70-year-old woman sustained a head injury after a motor vehicle accident. Physical examination conducted on admission revealed pure motor monoparesis (PMM) and pathological reflexes in the right lower extremity. Her left lower extremity and upper extremities were intact.

Hyperperfusion syndrome after neck clipping of a ruptured aneurysm on a dolichoectatic middle cerebral artery.

A 40-year-old female presented with sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Angiography demonstrated a saccular aneurysm on a dolichoectatic left middle cerebral artery (MCA) and delayed filling of the MCA. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a partially thrombosed giant aneurysm on the dolichoectatic MCA.

[Case of infected subdural hematoma diagnosed by diffusion-weighted imaging].

An 80-year-old man who had undergone total gastrectomy and splenectomy for gastric cancer 13 years ago presented with headache, drowsiness, and high fever 1 month after a traffic accident. Brain CT scans revealed bilateral subdural fluid collections. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) showed mixed high and low signal intensities in the left subdural fluid, and contrast-enhanced MR imaging revealed capsule enhancement of the left subdural fluid collection.

Primary cystic germinoma originating from the midbrain.

A primary intracranial germinoma that involves the midbrain is rare. We describe an unusual case of primary cystic germinoma originating from the midbrain. A 29-year-old man presented with diplopia, and his MRI showed a cystic, ring-like enhanced lesion in the thalamo-mesencephalic junction.

Prolonged somatic survival of clinically brain-dead adult patient.

A 43-year-old woman suffered clinical brain death after severe head injury. The patient met the criteria for the diagnosis of clinical brain death on Day 3. Aggressive hemodynamic and respiratory managements coupled with triple hormone therapy were performed at the family's request, resulting in continued cardiac activity for a prolonged period.

Meningeal hemangiopericytoma manifesting as massive intracranial hemorrhage--two case reports.

Meningeal hemangiopericytoma is rare, and only seven cases have manifested as intracranial hemorrhage. We treated two patients with meningeal hemangiopericytoma manifesting as life-threatening massive intracerebral hemorrhage. Case 1: A 66-year-old woman presented with consciousness disturbance and left hemiparesis.

[A case of cystic cavernous angioma accompanied by a fluid-fluid level on magnetic resonance imaging].

We describe the case of a patient with cavernous angioma (CA). A 44-year-old woman complained of numbness on the left side of the body as an initial symptom of the disease. The initial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a cystic mass with a fluid-fluid level without perifocal edema in the right thalamus on the T 2-weighted image (T 2WI) and T2*-weighted image (T2*WI).

Differential inhibition by TAK-044 of the inotropic effects of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3.

The influence of a nonselective antagonist of endothelin receptors, TAK-044 (cyclo-[d-alpha-aspartyl-3-[(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl]-l-alanyl-l-alpha-aspartyl-d-2-(2-thienyl)glycyl-l-leucyl-d-tryptophyl] disodium), on the positive inotropic effect of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 was investigated in isolated rabbit myocardium. While TAK-044 produced a concentration-dependent rightward shift of the concentration-response curve for endothelin-1 and endothelin-3, the effect of endothelin-3 was hundred times more sensitive to TAK-044 than that of endothelin-1. The combination of FR139317 ([2-(R)-[2(R)-[2(S)-[[1-(hexahydro-1H-azepinyl)]carbonyl]amino-4-methylpentanoyl]amino-3-[3-(1-methyl-1H-indolyl)]propionyl] amino-3-(2-pyridyl)propionic acid]) and BQ-788 (N-cis-2,6-dimethylpiperidinocarbonyl-l-gamma-methylleucyl-d-1-methoxycarbonyltryptophanyl-d-norleucine) mimicked the inhibitory action of TAK-044 on the positive inotropic effect of endothelin-3 but enhanced the effect of endothelin-1.

Glaucoma as a complication of superselective ophthalmic angiography.

We report a case of glaucoma that resulted as a complication of superselective ophthalmic angiography in a 67-year-old man with a recurrent olfactory groove meningioma. Superselective angiography in the right ophthalmic artery was performed to confirm the orifice of the feeding arteries during preoperative embolization. Immediately after the fourth injection of contrast medium, the patient suffered from acute angle-closure glaucoma with elevation of intraocular pressure.

Brain abscess following transorbital penetrating injury due to bamboo fragments--case report.

A 56-year-old female presented with transorbital penetrating injury caused by bamboo fragments, which resulted in brain abscess 2 weeks after the injury. Initial computed tomography (CT) of the head did not reveal the foreign bodies. However, follow-up CT demonstrated a well-defined hyperdense abnormality of 1.