Association of long-term aspirin use with kidney disease progression.

Background: Chronic microinflammation contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Aspirin (ASA) has been used to treat inflammation for centuries. The effects of long-term low-dose ASA on CKD progression are unclear.

The correlation between multiple HPV infections and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cervical cancer.

Cervical carcinoma is the fourth female malignant tumor in the world, and the persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as the most common cause. This article studies the correlation between multiple HPV infections and the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cervical cancer in order to provide more references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 400 cervical carcinoma patients admitted to our hospital from 2015 to 2023.

Small Cell (Neuroendocrine) Carcinoma of the Cervix: An Analysis for 19 Cases and Literature Review.

Cervical SCNEC is a rare and highly malignant invasive tumor. The incidence is low, at less than 5% of all cervical cancers. Moreover, most patients with small cell carcinoma are interrelated with high risk HPV (more familiar HPV 18).

Morphology, Photosynthetic Traits, and Nutritional Quality of Lettuce Plants as Affected by Green Light Substituting Proportion of Blue and Red Light.

Green light, as part of the photosynthetically active radiation, has been proven to have high photosynthetic efficiency once absorbed by plant leaves and can regulate plant physiological activities. However, few studies have investigated the appropriate and efficient way of using the green light for plant production. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate a moderate amount of green light, partially replacing red and blue light, for plant growth and development.

Constipation and risk of death and cardiovascular events.

Background And Aims: Constipation is one of the most frequent symptoms encountered in daily clinical practice and is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis, potentially through altered gut microbiota. However, little is known about its association with incident cardiovascular events.

Methods: In a nationally representative cohort of 3,359,653 US veterans with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.

[Characterization of a Newly Isolated Strain sp. N3 for Denitrification at Low Temperature].

Based on traditional microbiological methods, a novel denitrifier sp. N3 with excellent denitrification capacity at low temperature was isolated and identified using phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. Complete nitrate removal was achieved at C/N=8, that is, 70 mg·L nitrate.

[Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen-Transforming and Phosphorus-Accumulating Bacteria Along with the Formation of Cyanobacterial Blooms].

In order to reveal the dynamic changes of nitrogen-transforming and phosphorus-accumulating bacteria in the process of cyanobacterial bloom formation, bacterial community structure and functional genes associated with nitrogen cycling were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The high-throughput sequencing results showed that the diversity of bacterial communities decreased during cyanobacterial blooms, and the lacustrine free-living and bloom-attached bacterial communities varied with increased bloom density. With increasing density of cyanobacteria, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes decreased, whereas that of Firmicutes increased.

Association of Chronic Insomnia With Mortality and Adverse Renal Outcomes.

Objective: To examine whether chronic insomnia is associated with an increased risk of adverse renal outcomes and all-cause mortality.

Patients And Methods: We examined associations of chronic insomnia (defined as the presence of both International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes 307.42, 307.

Involvement of angiotensin-(1-7) in the neuroprotection of captopril against focal cerebral ischemia.

Accumulating evidence suggests that brain angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin II/angiotensin II type I receptor axis is activated and thus contributes to the neuronal injury during ischemic stroke. Conversely, inhibition of this axis using centrally active ACE inhibitor captopril was proven neuroprotective in rodents with focal cerebral ischemia. Interestingly, captopril was able to increase angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] levels in the peripheral organs.

Changes With Lanthanum Carbonate, Calcium Acetate, and Phosphorus Restriction in CKD: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Abnormal phosphorus homeostasis develops early in chronic kidney disease (CKD). It is unclear if its correction results in improved clinical outcomes in non-dialysis dependent CKD.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled, parallel design clinical trial in 120 patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.

Pre-End-Stage Renal Disease Hemoglobin Variability Predicts Post-End-Stage Renal Disease Mortality in Patients Transitioning to Dialysis.

Background: Hemoglobin variability (Hb-var) has been associated with increased mortality both in non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. However, the impact of Hb-var in advanced NDD-CKD on outcomes after dialysis initiation remains unknown.

Methods: Among 11,872 US veterans with advanced NDD-CKD transitioning to dialysis between October 2007 through September 2011, we assessed Hb-var calculated from the residual SD of at least 3 Hb values during the last 6 months before dialysis initiation (prelude period) using within-subject linear regression models, and stratified into quartiles.

Association of the frequency of pre-end-stage renal disease medical care with post-end-stage renal disease mortality and hospitalization.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that early pre-end-stage renal disease (ESRD) nephrology care could improve postdialysis prognosis. However, less is known about the specific types of interventions responsible for the improved outcomes. We hypothesized that more frequent predialysis laboratory testing is associated with better postdialysis outcomes in incident ESRD patients.

Changes in Albuminuria and Subsequent Risk of Incident Kidney Disease.

Background And Objectives: Albuminuria is a robust predictor of CKD progression. However, little is known about the associations of changes in albuminuria with the risk of kidney events outside the settings of clinical trials.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In a nationwide cohort of 56,946 United States veterans with an eGFR≥60 ml/min per 1.

Pre-ESRD Depression and Post-ESRD Mortality in Patients with Advanced CKD Transitioning to Dialysis.

Background And Objectives: Depression in patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD is often undiagnosed, empirically overlooked, and associated with higher risk of death, progression to ESRD, and hospitalization. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the association between the presence of depression in patients with advanced nondialysis-dependent CKD and post-ESRD mortality, particularly among those in the transition period from late-stage nondialysis-dependent CKD to maintenance dialysis.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: From a nation-wide cohort of 45,076 United States veterans who transitioned to ESRD over 4 contemporary years (November of 2007 to September of 2011), we identified 10,454 (23%) patients with a depression diagnosis during the predialysis period.

Effect of Age on the Association of Vascular Access Type with Mortality in a Cohort of Incident End-Stage Renal Disease Patients.

Background/aims: All hemodialysis (HD) patients are generally recommended to create a fistula first; but to create a mature arteriovenous fistula (AVF) can be challenging in elderly individuals. It is unclear if elderly incident HD patients derive a survival benefit from an AVF over an arteriovenous graft (AVG) or a tunneled central venous catheter (TDC).

Methods: We examined the association of vascular access type (AVF, AVG, and TDC with and without a maturing AVF/AVG at dialysis transition) at HD initiation with all-cause, cardiovascular (CV), and infection-related mortality in 46,786 US veterans using Cox models with adjustment for confounders.

Pre-ESRD Dementia and Post-ESRD Mortality in a Large Cohort of Incident Dialysis Patients.

Background: Conservative management may be a desirable option for elderly, fragile, or demented patients who reach end-stage renal disease (ESRD), yet some patients with dementia are placed on renal replacement therapy nonetheless.

Methods: From a nationwide cohort of 45,076 US veterans who transitioned to ESRD over 4 contemporary years (October 1, 2007 to September 30, 2011), we identified 1,336 (3.0%) patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code-based dementia diagnosis during the prelude (predialysis) period.

Early Mortality Associated with Inpatient versus Outpatient Hemodialysis Initiation in a Large Cohort of US Veterans with Incident End-Stage Renal Disease.

Background: Mortality in the immediate post-hemodialysis transition period is extremely high. Many end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the US start dialysis in an inpatient setting, but the characteristics of patients starting dialysis as inpatients, and the association of inpatient hemodialysis transition with mortality remain unclear.

Methods: We examined 48,261 US veterans who transitioned to hemodialysis between October 2007 and September 2011.

Pre-end-stage renal disease visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability and post-end-stage renal disease mortality in incident dialysis patients.

Objectives: Higher SBP visit-to-visit variability (SBPV) has been associated with increased risk of adverse events in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the association of SBPV in advanced nondialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease with mortality after the transition to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) remains unknown.

Methods: Among 17 729 US veterans transitioning to dialysis between October 2007 and September 2011, we assessed SBPV calculated from the SD of at least three intraindividual outpatient SBP values during the last year prior to dialysis transition (prelude period). Outcomes included factors associated with higher prelude SBPV and post-transition all-cause, cardiovascular, and infection-related mortality, assessed using multivariable linear regression and Cox and competing risk regressions, respectively, adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, medications, cardiovascular medication adherence, SBP, BMI, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and type of vascular access.

Blood Pressure Before Initiation of Maintenance Dialysis and Subsequent Mortality.

Background: Mortality is extremely high immediately after the transition to dialysis therapy, but the association of blood pressure (BP) before dialysis therapy initiation with mortality after dialysis therapy initiation remains unknown.

Study Design: Observational study.

Setting & Participants: 17,729 US veterans transitioning to dialysis therapy in October 2007 to September 2011, with a median follow-up of 2.

Constipation and Incident CKD.

Constipation is one of the most prevalent conditions in primary care settings and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, potentially through processes mediated by altered gut microbiota. However, little is known about the association of constipation with CKD. In a nationwide cohort of 3,504,732 United States veterans with an eGFR ≥60 ml/min per 1.

Prognostic significance of pre-end-stage renal disease serum alkaline phosphatase for post-end-stage renal disease mortality in late-stage chronic kidney disease patients transitioning to dialysis.

Background: Higher serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels have been associated with excess mortality in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, little is known about the impact of late-stage NDD-CKD ALP levels on outcomes after dialysis initiation.

Methods: Among 17 732 US veterans who transitioned to dialysis between October 2007 and September 2011, we examined the association of serum ALP levels averaged over the last 6 months of the pre-ESRD transition period ('prelude period') with all-cause, cardiovascular and infection-related mortality following dialysis initiation, using Cox (for all-cause mortality) and competing risk (for cause-specific mortality) regressions adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, medications, estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum albumin levels over the 6-month prelude period, and vascular access type at dialysis initiation.

Racial Differences in Association of Serum Calcium with Mortality and Incident Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Events.

Context: Abnormalities in calcium metabolism may potentially contribute to the development of vascular disease. Calcium metabolism may be different in African American (AA) vs white individuals, but the effect of race on the association of serum calcium with clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Objective: This study sought to examine race-specific associations of serum calcium levels with mortality and with major incident cardiovascular events.

Association between vascular access creation and deceleration of estimated glomerular filtration rate decline in late-stage chronic kidney disease patients transitioning to end-stage renal disease.

Background: Prior studies have suggested that arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or graft (AVG) creation may be associated with slowing of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline. It is unclear if this is attributable to the physiological benefits of a mature access on systemic circulation versus confounding factors.

Methods: We examined a nationwide cohort of 3026 US veterans with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) transitioning to dialysis between 2007 and 2011 who had a pre-dialysis AVF/AVG and had at least three outpatient eGFR measurements both before and after AVF/AVG creation.

Age and Outcomes Associated with BP in Patients with Incident CKD.

Background And Objectives: Hypertension is the most important treatable risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. Many patients with CKD are elderly, but the ideal BP in these individuals is unknown.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: From among 339,887 patients with incident eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.

Predialysis Cardiovascular Disease Medication Adherence and Mortality After Transition to Dialysis.

Background: Medication nonadherence is a known risk factor for adverse outcomes in the general population. However, little is known about the association of predialysis medication adherence among patients with advanced chronic kidney disease and mortality following their transition to dialysis.

Study Design: Observational study.