P-Dopant with Spherical Anion for Stable n-i-p Perovskite Solar Cells.

Li-TFSI/t-BP is the most widely utilized p-dopant for hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, its nonuniformity of doping, along with the hygroscopicity and migration of dopants, results in the devices that exhibit limited stability and performance. This study reports the use of a spherical anion of the p-dopant, regulated by its radius and shape, as an alternative to the linear TFSI- anion.

Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: A Theory and Simulation Perspective.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) are a promising class of functional materials for fundamental physics explorations and applications in next-generation electronics, catalysis, quantum technologies, and energy-related fields. Theory and simulations have played a pivotal role in recent advancements, from understanding physical properties and discovering new materials to elucidating synthesis processes and designing novel devices. The key has been developments in theory, deep learning, molecular dynamics, high-throughput computations, and multiscale methods.

mA Modification of Profilin-1 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Drives Phenotype Switching and Neointimal Hyperplasia via Activation of the p-ANXA2/STAT3 Pathway.

Background: In-stent restenosis is characterized by a significant reduction in lumen diameter within the stented segment, primarily attributed to excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and neointimal hyperplasia. PFN1 (profilin-1), an actin-sequestering protein extensively studied in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, remains less explored in neointimal hyperplasia.

Methods: Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing alongside data from in-stent restenosis patients and various experimental in-stent restenosis models (swine, rats, and mice), we investigated the role of PFN1 in promoting VSMC phenotype switching and neointimal hyperplasia.

IVUS-Guided vs Angiography-Guided PCI in Patients With Diabetes With Acute Coronary Syndromes: The IVUS-ACS Trial.

Background: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) reduces the risk for clinical events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), compared with angiographic guidance. However, the benefits of IVUS guidance in high-risk patients with diabetes with ACS is uncertain.

Objectives: The aim of this prespecified stratified subgroup analysis from the IVUS-ACS randomized trial was to determine the effectiveness of IVUS-guided PCI vs angiography-guided PCI in patients with diabetes with ACS.

Risk factor analysis and establishment of a predictive model for complications of elderly advanced gastric cancer with Clavien-Dindo classification ≥ II grade.

Background: The occurrence of complications following radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Elderly patients are susceptible to postoperative complications. This study seeks to investigate the risk factors associated with Clavien-Dindo ≥IIgrade complications following radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer in elderly patients, develop a nomogram risk prediction model, and validate its accuracy.

Ginsenoside Rg2 Attenuates Aging-Induced Liver Injury via Inhibiting Caspase 8-Mediated Pyroptosis, Apoptosis and Modulating Gut Microbiota.

Aging is an irresistible natural law of the progressive decline of body molecules, organs, and overall function with the passage of time, resulting in eventual death. World Health Organization data show that aging is correlated with a wide range of common chronic diseases in the elderly, and is an essential driver of many diseases. C.

Quantum-inspired analysis of neural network vulnerabilities: the role of conjugate variables in system attacks.

Neural networks demonstrate vulnerability to small, non-random perturbations, emerging as adversarial attacks. Such attacks, born from the gradient of the loss function relative to the input, are discerned as input conjugates, revealing a systemic fragility within the network structure. Intriguingly, a mathematical congruence manifests between this mechanism and the quantum physics' uncertainty principle, casting light on a hitherto unanticipated interdisciplinarity.

Desmoid tumors of rectus abdominis: A case report and literature review.

Rationale: Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare soft tissue tumor that can occur anywhere in the body. Abdominal wall DT presents unique clinical challenges due to its distinctive manifestations, treatment modalities, and the lack of biomarkers for diagnosis and recurrence prediction, making clinical decisions exceedingly complex.

Patient Concerns: A 32-year-old female who underwent radical resection combined with patch reinforcement for rectus abdominis DT, successfully alleviating abdominal discomfort, with no recurrence during the 6-month follow-up after surgery.

Salvage surgery and conversion surgery for patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A narrative review.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. With the development of screening, patient selection and treatment strategies, patients' survival outcomes and living quality significantly improved. However, some patients still have local recurrence or residual tumors after receiving definitive therapies.

Biodegradable Ferroelectric Molecular Plastic Crystal HOCH(CF)CHOH Structurally Inspired by Polyvinylidene Fluoride.

Ferroelectric materials, traditionally comprising inorganic ceramics and polymers, are commonly used in medical implantable devices. However, their nondegradable nature often necessitates secondary surgeries for removal. In contrast, ferroelectric molecular crystals have the advantages of easy solution processing, lightweight, and good biocompatibility, which are promising candidates for transient (short-term) implantable devices.

PCSK9 inhibitor added to high-intensity statin therapy to prevent cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized, double- blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter SHAWN study.

Background: It is currently uncertain whether the combination of a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor and high-intensity statin treatment can effectively reduce cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for culprit lesions.

Methods: This study protocol describes a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study aiming to investigate the efficacy and safety of combining a PCSK9 inhibitor with high-intensity statin therapy in patients with ACS following PCI. A total of 1,212 patients with ACS and multiple lesions will be enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either PCSK9 inhibitor plus high-intensity statin therapy or high-intensity statin monotherapy.

Prognostic factors for patients with pathologic T1-T2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study with external validation.

Background: Lymph node metastasis is significantly associated with a worse prognosis in patients with localized early-stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the prognostic factors and develop a nomogram for predicting survival in patients with pathologic T1-2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Between 2014 and 2022, patients with pT1-2N+ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy at 2 institutes were reviewed and assigned to training and external validation cohorts.

Intravascular Ultrasound vs Angiography-Guided Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty: The ULTIMATE Ⅲ Trial.

Background: Drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty seems a safe and effective option for specific de novo coronary lesions. However, the beneficial effect of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided DCB angioplasty in de novo lesions remains uncertain.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the benefits of IVUS guidance over angiography guidance during DCB angioplasty in de novo coronary lesions.

Comparative Analysis of the Ultrastructure, Bubble Pores, and Composition of Eggshells of Dwarf Layer-White and Guinea Fowl.

The decrease in eggshell quality seriously affects production efficiency. Guinea fowl (GF) eggs possess strong eggshells because of their unique crystal structure, and few systematic studies have compared laying hen and GF eggs. Sixty eggs were collected from both 40-week-old Dwarf Layer-White (DWL-White) laying hens and GF, and the eggshell quality, ultrastructure, bubble pores, and composition were measured.

Intravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndromes (IVUS-ACS): a two-stage, multicentre, randomised trial.

Background: Intravascular ultrasound-guided percutaneous coronary intervention has been shown to result in superior clinical outcomes compared with angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention. However, insufficient data are available concerning the advantages of intravascular ultrasound guidance for patients with an acute coronary syndrome. This trial aimed to investigate whether the use of intravascular ultrasound guidance, as compared with angiography guidance, improves the outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention with contemporary drug-eluting stents in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome.

Ticagrelor alone versus ticagrelor plus aspirin from month 1 to month 12 after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ULTIMATE-DAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial.

Background: Following percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement to treat acute coronary syndromes, international clinical guidelines generally recommend dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin plus a P2Y receptor inhibitor for 12 months to prevent myocardial infarction and stent thrombosis. However, data on single antiplatelet therapy with a potent P2Y inhibitor earlier than 12 months after percutaneous coronary intervention for patients with an acute coronary syndrome are scarce. The aim of this trial was to assess whether the use of ticagrelor alone, compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin, could reduce the incidence of clinically relevant bleeding events without an accompanying increase in major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (MACCE).

Association of preoperative coronavirus disease 2019 with mortality, respiratory morbidity and extrapulmonary complications after elective, noncardiac surgery: An observational cohort study.

Study Objective: To assess the impact of preoperative infection with the contemporary strain of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative mortality, respiratory morbidity and extrapulmonary complications after elective, noncardiac surgery.

Design: An ambidirectional observational cohort study.

Setting: A tertiary and teaching hospital in Shanghai, China.

Dual-Region Computed Tomography Radiomics-Based Machine Learning Predicts Subcarinal Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Noninvasively and accurately predicting subcarinal lymph node metastasis (SLNM) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. This study was designed to develop and validate a tumor and subcarinal lymph nodes (tumor-SLNs) dual-region computed tomography (CT) radiomics model for predicting SLNM in NSCLC.

Methods: This retrospective study included NSCLC patients who underwent lung resection and SLNs dissection between January 2017 and December 2020.