Primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: a case report.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a low-grade malignant tumor of vascular origin. The rarity of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) makes the diagnosis and treatment of this entity challenging. We report a case of a 69-year-old female patient who suffered from HEHE and complained of abdominal distension pain with dizziness and appetite loss for more than half a month.

[Effect of Expression Regulated by MiR-21 on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of expression regulated by miR-21 on proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia cells.

Methods: Seventy patients with AML admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to July 2022 were selected, while 30 patients with iron deficiency anemia were selected as the control group. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) of the patients were obtained using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation.

Total Syntheses of Polycyclic Diterpenes Phomopsene, Methyl Phomopsenonate, and -Phomopsene via Reorganization of C-C Single Bonds.

The first total syntheses of polycyclic diterpenes phomopsene (), methyl phomopsenonate (), and -phomopsene () have been accomplished through the unusual cascade reorganization of C-C single bonds. This approach features: (i) a synergistic Nazarov cyclization/double ring expansions in one-step, developed by authors, to rapid and stereospecific construction of the 5/5/5/5 tetraquinane scaffold bearing contiguous quaternary centers and (ii) a one-pot strategic ring expansion through Beckmann fragmentation/recombination to efficiently assemble the requisite 5/5/6/5 tetracyclic skeleton of the target molecules -. This work enables us to determine that the correct structure of -phomopsene is, in fact, the C7 epimer of the originally assigned structure.

An efficient approach to angular tricyclic molecular architecture via Nazarov-like cyclization and double ring-expansion cascade.

A modular and efficient method for constructing angular tri-carbocyclic architectures containing quaternary carbon center(s) from 1,3-dicycloalkylidenyl ketones is established, which involves an unconventional synergistic cascade of a Nazarov cyclization and two ring expansions. It features high selectivity, mild conditions and convenient operation, wide scope and easy availability of substrate. Substitution with R and R at the 4πe-system with electron-donating group favors this reaction, while that with electron-withdrawing group or proton disfavors.

Applications of electron spin resonance spectroscopy in photoinduced nanomaterial charge separation and reactive oxygen species generation.

Nano-metals, nano-metal oxides, and carbon-based nanomaterials exhibit superior solar-to-chemical/photo-electron transfer properties and are potential candidates for environmental remediations and energy transfer. Recent research effort focuses on enhancing the efficiency of photoinduced electron-hole separation to improve energy transfer in catalytic reactions. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy has been used to monitor the generation of electron/hole and reactive oxygen species (ROS) during nanomaterial-mediated photocatalysis.

A convenient detection system consisting of efficient Au@PtRu nanozymes and alcohol oxidase for highly sensitive alcohol biosensing.

Effective alcohol detection represents a substantial concern not only in the context of personal and automobile safety but also in clinical settings as alcohol is a contributing factor in a wide range of health complications including various types of liver cirrhoses, strokes, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, many kinds of nanomaterials with enzyme-like properties have been widely used as biosensors. Herein, we have developed a convenient detection method that combines Au@PtRu nanozymes and alcohol oxidase (AOx).

Crossover between anti- and pro-oxidant activities of different manganese oxide nanoparticles and their biological implications.

Manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) have been suggested to possess several enzyme-like activities. However, studies often used either color change or fluorescence to determine the catalytic activity. Despite the simplicity and sensitivity of these probes, these methods may give distracting artifacts or not reflect the catalytic activities in biological systems.

Optimization of Antibacterial Efficacy of Noble-Metal-Based Core-Shell Nanostructures and Effect of Natural Organic Matter.

Noble-metal-based nanomaterials made of less toxic metals have been utilized as potential antibacterial agents due to their distinctive oxidase-like activity. In this study, we fabricated core-shell structured Pd@Ir bimetallic nanomaterials with an ultrathin shell. Pd@Ir nanostructures show morphology-dependent bactericidal activity, in which Pd@Ir octahedra possessing higher oxidase-like activity exert bactericidal activity stronger than that of Pd@Ir cubes.

Influences of simulated gastrointestinal environment on physicochemical properties of gold nanoparticles and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability.

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) hold great promise in food, industrial and biomedical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. However, influences of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), a likely route for Au NPs administration, on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs has been rarely evaluated. Here, we investigated the influence of GIT fluids on the physicochemical properties of Au NPs (5, 50, and 100 nm) and their implications on intestinal epithelial permeability .

Ferroxidase-like and antibacterial activity of PtCu alloy nanoparticles.

Many metal nanoparticles are reported to have intrinsic enzyme-like activities and offer great potential in chemical and biomedical applications. In this study, PtCu alloy nanoparticles (NPs), synthesized through hydrothermal treatment of Cu and Pt in an aqueous solution, were evaluated for ferroxidase-like and antibacterial activity. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy and colorimetric methods were used to demonstrate that PtCu NPs exhibited strong ferroxidase-like activity in a weakly acidic environment and that this activity was not affected by the presence of most other ions, except silver.

Bactericidal effects and accelerated wound healing using TbO nanoparticles with intrinsic oxidase-like activity.

Background: Nanomaterials that exhibit intrinsic enzyme-like characteristics have shown great promise as potential antibacterial agents. However, many of them exhibit inefficient antibacterial activity and biosafety problems that limit their usefulness. The development of new nanomaterials with good biocompatibility and rapid bactericidal effects is therefore highly desirable.

A welding phenomenon of dissimilar nanoparticles in dispersion.

The oriented attachment of small nanoparticles (NPs) is recognized as an important mechanism involved in the growth of inorganic nanocrystals. However, non-oriented attachment of dissimilar NPs has been rarely observed in dispersion. This communication reports a welding phenomenon occurred directly between as-synthesized dispersions of single-component Au and chalcogenide NPs, which leads to the formation of asymmetric Au-chalcogenide hybrid NPs (HNPs).

Photogenerated Charge Carriers in Molybdenum Disulfide Quantum Dots with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets have received considerable interest due to their superior physicochemical performances to graphene nanosheets. As the lateral size and layer thickness decrease, the formed MoS quantum dots (QDs) show more promise as photocatalysts, endowing them with potential antimicrobial properties under environmental conditions. However, studies on the antibacterial photodynamic therapy of MoS QDs have rarely been reported.

Orally administered gold nanoparticles protect against colitis by attenuating Toll-like receptor 4- and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species-mediated inflammatory responses but could induce gut dysbiosis in mice.

Background: Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are attracting interest as potential therapeutic agents to treat inflammatory diseases, but their anti-inflammatory mechanism of action is not clear yet. In addition, the effect of orally administered AuNPs on gut microbiota has been overlooked so far. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic and gut microbiota-modulating effects, as well as the anti-inflammatory paradigm, of AuNPs with three different coatings and five difference sizes in experimental mouse colitis and RAW264.

Radical Scavenging Activities of Biomimetic Catechol-Chitosan Films.

Recent studies showed that melanin-mimetic catechol-chitosan films are redox-active and their ability to exchange electrons confers pro-oxidant activities for the sustained, in situ generation of reactive oxygen species for antimicrobial bandages. Here we electrofabricated catechol-chitosan films, demonstrate these films are redox-active, and show their ability to exchange electrons confers sustained radical scavenging activities that could be useful for protective coatings. Electrofabrication was performed in two steps: cathodic electrodeposition of a chitosan film followed by anodic grafting of catechol to chitosan.

Platinum nanoparticles: an avenue for enhancing the release of nitric oxide from S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and S-nitrosoglutathione.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous bioregulator with established roles in diverse fields. The difficulty in the modulation of NO release is still a significant obstacle to achieving successful clinical applications. We report herein our initial work using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy to detect NO generated from S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) donors catalyzed by platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs, 3 nm) under physiological conditions.

Generation of reactive oxygen species and charge carriers in plasmonic photocatalytic Au@TiO nanostructures with enhanced activity.

The combination of semiconductor and plasmonic nanostructures, endowed with high efficiency light harvesting and surface plasmon confinement, has been a promising way for efficient utilization of solar energy. Although the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assisted photocatalysis has been extensively studied, the photochemical mechanism, e.g.

Effects of noble metal nanoparticles on the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of dietary antioxidants.

Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used in many consumer products. Their effects on the antioxidant activity of commercial dietary supplements have not been well evaluated. In this study, we examined the effects of gold (Au NPs), silver (Ag NPs), platinum (Pt NPs), and palladium (Pd NPs) on the hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging ability of three dietary supplements vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, AA), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and gallic acid (GA).

Evaluation of the structure-activity relationship of carbon nanomaterials as antioxidants.

Aim: To develop the potential application of carbon nanomaterials as antioxidants calls for better understanding of how the specific structure affects their antioxidant activity.

Materials & Methods: Several typical carbon nanomaterials, including graphene quantum dots and fullerene derivatives were characterized and their radical scavenging activities were evaluated; in addition, the in vitro and in vivo radioprotection experiments were performed.

Results: These carbon nanomaterials can efficiently scavenge free radicals in a structure-dependent manner.

Bactericidal Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Lactobacilli and the Underlying Mechanism.

While the antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been demonstrated across a spectrum of bacterial pathogens, the effects of AgNPs on the beneficial bacteria are less clear. To address this issue, we compared the antibacterial activity of AgNPs against two beneficial lactobacilli ( Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Lactobacillus casei) and two common opportunistic pathogens ( Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus).

Sparks fly between ascorbic acid and iron-based nanozymes: A study on Prussian blue nanoparticles.

Herein we reported Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) possess ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO)- and ascorbic acid peroxidase (APOD)-like activities, which suppressed the formation of harmful HO and finally inhibited the anti-cancer efficiency of ascorbic acid (AA). This newly revealed correlation between iron and AA could provide new insight for the studies of nanozymes and free radical biology.

Exploring the activities of ruthenium nanomaterials as reactive oxygen species scavengers.

Research on noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) has undergone a tremendous growth recently. However, the interactions between ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru NPs) and ROS have never been systematically explored thus far. This research focused on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (HO), scavenging of hydroxyl radicals (OH), superoxide radical (O), singlet oxygen (O), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzenothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid ion (ABTS), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) in the presence of commercial Ru NPs using the electron spin resonance technique.

Effects of P25 TiO Nanoparticles on the Free Radical-Scavenging Ability of Antioxidants upon Their Exposure to Simulated Sunlight.

Although nanosized ingredients, including TiO nanoparticles (NPs), can be found in a wide range of consumer products, little is known about the effects these particles have on other active compounds in product matrices. These NPs can interact with reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially disrupting or canceling the benefits expected from antioxidants. We used electron spin resonance spectrometry to assess changes in the antioxidant capacities of six dietary antioxidants (ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, glutathione, cysteine, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate) during exposure to P25 TiO and/or simulated sunlight.

Spectroelectrochemical Reverse Engineering DemonstratesThat Melanin's Redox and Radical Scavenging Activities Are Linked.

Melanins are ubiquitous in nature but their biological activities and functions have been difficult to discern. Conventional approaches to determine material function start by resolving structure and then characterize relevant properties. These approaches have been less successful for melanins because of their complex structure and insolubility, and because their relevant properties are not readily characterized by conventional methods.