Distinguishing Pathologic Gait in Older Adults Using Instrumented Insoles and Deep Neural Networks.

Gait abnormalities are common in the older population owing to aging- and disease-related changes in physical and neurological functions. Differentiating the causes of gait abnormalities is challenging because various abnormal gaits share a similar pattern in older patients. Herein, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) model to classify disease-specific gait patterns in older adults using commercialized instrumented insoles.

Diabetes Complications Among Community-Based Health Center Patients with Varying Multimorbidity Patterns.

Background: Multimorbidity with diabetes mellitus (DM and ≥ 1 chronic disease) presents challenges to maintaining adequate DM control.

Objective: This study evaluates the risk of DM-related complications associated with various multimorbidity/DM patterns for patients seen in community-based health centers (CHCs).

Design: Retrospective cohort study from the ADVANCE multi-state practice-based clinical data network.

The Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Acute Diabetes Complication by Care Delivery Settings.

Objective: This study evaluates whether gaining Medicaid following the Affordable Care Act (ACA) expansion led to changes in the rate of acute diabetes complications diagnosed in primary care settings, relative to in inpatient, emergency department (ED), or urgent care (UC) settings.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used Medicaid administrative claims data linked to electronic health records for 3767 patients, aged 19 to 64 years, who experienced acute preventable complications of diabetes between 2014 and 2019 diagnosed in inpatient, ED, UC, or primary care settings in the state of Oregon. These patients were classified as either continuously Medicaid-insured or having gained Medicaid.

Enhancement of Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Chicken Breast Protein Through Polyphenol Conjugation: A Novel Ingredient for Protein Supplements.

Polyphenol conjugation has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the technological properties and physiological benefits of food proteins. This study investigated the effects of polyphenol conjugation on the technological properties, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro digestibility of chicken breast (CB) proteins. Conjugation with (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) and tannic acid (TA) significantly reduced sulfhydryl content.

Long-term Immunogenicity of the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine during Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Gastric and Colorectal Cancer: A 5-year Follow-up of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend vaccination at least two weeks before chemotherapy initiation to optimize the immune response despite limited evidence. Our previous study indicated no differences in short-term immune response for the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) according to the vaccination timing. This study aims to investigate the long-term efficacy of PCV13 and clinical factors associated with the respective antibody response.

Endoscopic Surgery for Deeply Located Intracranial Cysts: Risk Factors for Re-Operation and Symptom Improvement.

Purpose: We investigated the results of endoscopic fenestration for deeply located intracranial cysts (DLICs), risk factors for re-operation, and symptom improvement.

Materials And Methods: We included 51 patients with DLICs who underwent endoscopic fenestration between November 2006 and October 2022. The median age was 5±20 years (6 days-67 years), and 36 (70.

On the crack resistance and damage tolerance of 3D-printed nature-inspired hierarchical composite architecture.

Materials scientists have taken a learn-from-nature approach to study the structure-property relationships of natural materials. Here we introduce a nature-inspired composite architecture showing a hierarchical assembly of granular-like building blocks with specific topological textures. The structural complexity of the resulting architecture is advanced by applying the concept of grain orientation internally to each building block to induce a tailored crack resistance.

Hyperspectral Imaging Combined with Machine Learning Can Be Used for Rapid and Non-Destructive Monitoring of Residual Nitrite in Emulsified Pork Sausages.

The non-destructive and rapid monitoring system for residual nitrite content in processed meat products is critical for ensuring food safety and regulatory compliance. This study was performed to investigate the application of hyperspectral imaging in combination with machine learning algorithms to predict and monitor residual nitrite concentrations in emulsified pork sausages. The emulsified pork sausage was formulated with 1.

Controlling Drying Conditions in Vacuum for Uniform Film Formation in Inkjet-Printed OLEDs.

The drying process of inkjet-printed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is influenced by both ink properties and external environmental factors, which ultimately affect the film profile. First, we conducted a detailed investigation of the drying time based on changes in the boiling point (BP) of mixed solvents and analyzed the correlation with the film profile. Under atmospheric drying conditions in a nitrogen (N) atmosphere, the increased drying time under capillary-driven flow leads to greater particle movement toward the edges, significantly increasing the coffee-ring effect.

Pharmacodynamics Between a Dual Delayed-Release Formulation of Low-Dose Esomeprazole and Famotidine in Healthy Korean Subjects.

Purpose: Gastritis, one of the most common clinically diagnosed conditions, is defined as the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the gastric mucosa. Drugs for gastritis include histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), which reduce acidity in the stomach, and antacids, which neutralize acid. Esomeprazole is a PPI for gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastric and duodenal ulcers that has been shown to be safe and effective at a 10 mg dose.

Clinical prognostic factors to guide treatment strategy for HPV‑positive oropharyngeal cancer using treatment outcomes of induction chemotherapy: A real‑world experience.

The role of induction chemotherapy (IC) in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) remains debatable, and suitable candidates for de-escalation treatment in these patients have not been fully identified. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify high-risk candidates for human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive OPC by analyzing patients who underwent IC followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) to guide optimal treatment strategies. Patients diagnosed with stage III-IVA OPC and treated with a minimum of two cycles of IC followed by CRT, between 2004 and 2020, were retrospectively reviewed.

In Vivo Reactive Astrocyte Imaging in Patients With Schizophrenia Using Fluorine 18-Labeled THK5351.

Importance: In vivo imaging studies of reactive astrocytes are crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia because astrocytes play a critical role in glutamate imbalance and neuroinflammation.

Objective: To investigate in vivo reactive astrocytes in patients with schizophrenia associated with positive symptoms using monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B)-binding fluorine 18 ([18F])-labeled THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET).

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this case-control study, data were collected from October 1, 2021, to January 31, 2023, from the internet advertisement for the healthy control group and from the outpatient clinics of Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul, South Korea, for the schizophrenia group.

Comparison of the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioequivalence between two nanosuspension formulations of megestrol acetate in healthy Korean male subjects.

Unlabelled: Megestrol is commonly used to address appetite loss, cachexia, and significant weight loss in cancer or acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and determine the bioequivalence of two orally administered megestrol acetate suspensions (625 mg/5 mL) in healthy Korean male subjects. A randomized, open-label, single-dose crossover study was conducted involving fifty-four healthy male subjects who were randomized into two sequence groups.

Halogenated 9H-Indeno[1,2-b]Pyrazine-2,3-Dicarbonitrile End Groups Based Asymmetric Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Green Solvent-Processable, Additive-Free, and Stable Organic Solar Cells.

Non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) significantly enhance photovoltaic performance in organic solar cells (OSCs) using halogenated solvents and additives. However, these solvents are environmentally detrimental and unsuitable for industrial-scale production, and the issue of OSCs' poor long-term stability persists. This report introduces eight asymmetric NFAs (IPCnF-BBO-IC2F, IPCnF-BBO-IC2Cl, IPCnCl-BBO-IC2F, and IPCnCl-BBO-IC2Cl, where n = 1 and 2).

Deep Learning Super-Resolution Technique Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Application of Image-Guided Diagnosis and Surgery of Trigeminal Neuralgia.

This study aimed to implement a deep learning-based super-resolution (SR) technique that can assist in the diagnosis and surgery of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Experimental methods applied SR to MRI data examined using five techniques, including T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), contrast-enhancement T1WI (CE-T1WI), T2WI turbo spin-echo series volume isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition (VISTA), and proton density (PD), in patients diagnosed with TN. The image quality was evaluated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index (SSIM).

Physical Characteristics of Sintered Silver Nanoparticle Inks with Different Sizes during Furnace Sintering.

The influence of nanoparticle (NP) size on the physical characteristics of sintered silver NP ink was studied using four different types of inks. The Ag NP inks were spin-coated on glass substrates with an average thickness of 300 nm. Each sample was sintered for 30 min, with temperatures from 50 °C to 400 °C by an interval of 50 °C.

Latino-White Disparities in Identification and Control of Elevated Blood Pressure Among Adults With Hypertension.

Background: Studies analyzing blood pressure (BP) management using the hypertension control cascade have consistently shown disparities in hypertension awareness, treatment, and BP control between Latino patients and non-Latino White patients. We analyze this cascade using electronic health record data from a multistate network of community health centers.

Methods And Results: Data from 790 clinics in 23 US states from 2012 to 2020, including 1 270 174 patients, were analyzed to compare BP documentation in the electronic health record, clinician acknowledgment (diagnosis or treatment) of incident hypertension (BP ≥140/90), medication prescription, and BP control between non-Latino White patients, English-preferring Latino patients, and Spanish-preferring Latino patients, adjusted for patient-level covariates, and clustered on patients' primary clinics.

Analysis of -Type Doping in Graphene Induced by Monolayer-Oxidized TMDs.

Doping is one of the most difficult technological challenges for realizing reliable two-dimensional (2D) material-based semiconductor devices, arising from their ultrathinness. Here, we systematically investigate the impact of different types of nonstoichiometric solid MO (M are W or Mo) dopants obtained by oxidizing transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs: WSe or MoS) formed on graphene FETs, which results in -type doping along with disorders. From the results obtained in this study, we were able to suggest an analytical technique to optimize the optimal UV-ozone (UVO) treatment to achieve high -type doping concentration in graphene FETs (∼2.

The moderating role of circadian gene polymorphisms in the relationship between sleep disturbance and circulating lymphocyte subsets in colorectal cancer patients.

Aim: We investigated the impact of sleep disturbance on immune status in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with consideration of the moderating role of circadian clock gene polymorphisms.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal study design was used to collect information regarding sleep disturbance. Blood samples for immunologic assays were obtained the day before the first (baseline) and last cycles of 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) chemotherapy.

Aberrant hyperfocusing in schizophrenia indicated by elevated theta phase-gamma amplitude coupling.

Objective: We aimed to investigate electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of aberrant hyperfocusing, a novel framework of impaired selective attention, in schizophrenia patients by using theta phase-gamma amplitude coupling (TGC).

Methods: Fifty-four schizophrenia patients and 73 healthy controls (HCs) underwent EEG recording during an auditory oddball paradigm. For the standard and target conditions, TGC was calculated using the source signals from 25 brain regions of interest (ROIs) related to attention networks and sensory processing; TGC values were then compared across groups and conditions using two-way analysis of covariance.

Effect of Electrocautery and Laser Treatment on the Composition and Morphology of Surface-Modified Titanium Implants.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different peri-implantitis treatment methods (Er,Cr:YSGG laser, diode laser, and electrocautery) on various titanium implant surfaces: machined; sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etched; and femtosecond laser-treated surfaces. Grade 4 titanium (Ti) disks, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, were fabricated and treated using the aforementioned techniques. Subsequently, each treated group of disks underwent different peri-implantitis treatment methods: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Biolase, Inc.

Recognition of atomic-level difference in porphyrin dyads for self-sorted supramolecular polymer growth.

Porphyrin dyads (PDMs, where M = Zn and Cu) composed of diphenylporphyrin and tetraphenylporphyrin units, designated as DPDMs and TPDMs, respectively, exhibited remarkable differences in the molecular assemblies depending on the coordination metal ion. Furthermore, TPDMs showed self-sorting behavior during the formation of supramolecular assemblies through the recognition of atomic-level difference.