APOEε4, in-hospital delirium and long-term cognitive impairment: A longitudinal memory clinic study.

Introduction: Delirium is common among hospitalized elderly. Previous short-term studies reported inconsistent associations between APOEε4 allele, in-hospital delirium, and post-delirium cognitive impairment. We examined the association of APOEε4 allele with in-hospital delirium and long-term cognitive outcomes following delirium.

Pre-aspirin use has no benefit on the neurological disability and mortality after cardiovascular events: A nation-wide population-based cohort study.

To evaluate the effects of aspirin in the primary prevention, we evaluated disability grades and mortality after ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). A retrospective nation-wide propensity score-matched cohort study was performed using the Korean National Health Information Database. From 3,060,639 subjects who were older than 55 and performed national health examinations in 2004 and 2005, we selected the aspirin group (N = 8770) was composed of patients who had received aspirin prior to cardiovascular events.

Optimal use of antithrombotic agents in ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation and large artery atherosclerosis.

Background: Optimal antithrombotic regimens to prevent recurrent stroke in patients with ischemic stroke due to atrial fibrillation (AF) and atherosclerotic large-vessel stenosis remain unknown.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of multiple antithrombotic therapies on outcomes at 1 year after ischemic stroke due to two or more causes.

Methods: We identified 862 patients with ischemic stroke due to AF and large artery atherosclerosis from the linked data.

A Multi-Center, Prospective Observational Study to Investigate the Safety, Compliance, and Efficacy of Omethyl QTlet Soft Capsule.

Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to be effective in lowering triglyceride (TG) levels; however, tolerability issues arise due to the large size of the pills. The purpose of this study was to examine the safety, compliance, and efficacy of Omethyl QTlet soft capsules (OQCs). This multi-center, prospective, observational study evaluated the safety, compliance, and efficacy of OQCs.

Relationship Between Calcium Channel Blockers Therapy and Cognitive Function Improvement in Cognitive Decline Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease.

Introduction: Amlodipine belongs to a class of calcium channel blockers that relax blood vessels to allow easier flow of blood. Higher blood pressure (BP) is associated with cerebrovascular disease and is an important contributor to cognitive decline and dementia.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 24 weeks of S-amlodipine besylate therapy on cognitive function in patients with hypertension and cerebrovascular disease.

Factors Associated With Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: Prospective Observational Study Using Actigraphy.

Background: Although disclosing the predictors of different behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) is the first step in developing person-centered interventions, current understanding is limited, as it considers BPSD as a homogenous construct. This fails to account for their heterogeneity and hinders development of interventions that address the underlying causes of the target BPSD subsyndromes. Moreover, understanding the influence of proximal factors-circadian rhythm-related factors (ie, sleep and activity levels) and physical and psychosocial unmet needs states-on BPSD subsyndromes is limited, due to the challenges of obtaining objective and/or continuous time-varying measures.

Sex differences in the association between the APOEε4 allele and hearing impairment: A longitudinal memory clinic study.

Background: The APOEε4 allele and hearing impairment are risk factors for dementia. Cross-sectional studies have shown controversial findings regarding the relationship between APOEε4 and hearing impairment. These may be explained by reported sex differences in the association between APOEε4 and some Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Reliability and Validity of a Short Form of the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition.

Background And Purpose: We aimed to determine the reliability and validity of a short form of the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition (KDSQ-C) as a screening tool for cognitive dysfunction.

Methods: This study recruited 420 patients older than 65 years and their informants from 11 hospitals, and categorized the patients into normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia subgroups. The KDSQ-C was completed separately by the patients and their informants.

Self- and informant-reported cognitive functioning and awareness in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, and very mild Alzheimer disease.

Objectives: The present study examined self-reports and informant reports of cognitive function and discrepancies between the two reporting methods in healthy controls (HC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and very mild Alzheimer disease (AD) using three questionnaires.

Methods: The study included a total of 300 individuals (mean age: 74.4 ± 5.

A Comparative Evaluation of the KDSQ-C, AD8, and SMCQ as a Cognitive Screening Test to Be Used in National Medical Check-ups in Korea.

Background: Korea has a periodic general health check-up program that uses the Korean Dementia Screening Questionnaire-Cognition (KDSQ-C) as a cognitive dysfunction screening tool. The Alzheimer Disease 8 (AD8) and Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ) are also used in clinical practice. We compared the diagnostic ability of these screening questionnaires for cognitive impairment when completed by participants and their caregivers.

Association of Alzheimer's Disease with the Risk of Developing Epilepsy: a 10-Year Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported conflicting results about the prevalence of seizures in Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are few epidemiological studies on this topic in Asia. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine demographic and clinical characteristics as well as incidence for seizures in AD patients compared to non-AD patients in a prospective, longitudinal, community-based cohort with a long follow-up.

Association between Alzheimer's Disease and Cancer Risk in South Korea: an 11-year Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have suggested a decreased cancer risk among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). There remains a lack of data on the specific types of cancer and risk factors for developing cancer in AD. We evaluated the association between AD and cancer risk, and we examined specific types of cancer.

Effects of Triflusal and Clopidogrel on the Secondary Prevention of Stroke Based on Cytochrome P450 2C19 Genotyping.

Background And Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of antiplatelet agents for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke based on cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) polymorphisms.

Methods: This study was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, open-label, blind genotype trial. First time non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke patients were enrolled and screened within 30 days.

Effect of galantamine on attention in patients with Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebrovascular disease.

Aim: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) show greater attentional deficits compared with AD patients without CVD. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of galantamine on attention in AD patients with CVD.

Methods: In this open trial, 1512 patients with AD and CVD were recruited from 71 nationwide hospitals.

Group- and Home-Based Cognitive Intervention for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: We examined the efficacy of group-based cognitive intervention (GCI) and home-based cognitive intervention (HCI) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and intervention effects on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

Methods: In this randomized and rater-blinded trial, 293 patients with aMCI from 18 nationwide hospitals were randomized: 96 to the GCI group, 98 to the HCI group and 99 to the control group. For 12 weeks, subjects receiving GCI participated twice per week in group sessions led by trained instructors, and those receiving HCI completed homework materials 5 days per week.

Serum Uric Acid Is Associated with Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities in Patients with Acute Lacunar Infarction.

Background And Purpose: The Effect of Cilostazol in Acute Lacunar Infarction Based on Pulsatility Index of Transcranial Doppler (ECLIPse) study showed a significant decrease in transcranial Doppler pulsatility index (PI) with cilostazol treatment after 90 days of acute lacunar infarction. The aim of this analysis was to perform a subgroup analysis of the ECLIPse study to explore the relationship between serum uric acid (UA) and the volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in patients with acute lacunar infarction.

Methods: The ECLIPse was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in Korea.

Survival in Subcortical Vascular Dementia: Predictors and Comparison to Probable Alzheimer's Disease in a Tertiary Memory Clinic Population.

Background: Subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD) is one of the most common dementias, after Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Few survival analyses in SVaD patients have been reported.

Methods: The dates and causes of death of 146 SVaD and 725 AD patients were included.

Gene-based rare allele analysis identified a risk gene of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a strong propensity to run in families. However, the known risk genes excluding APOE are not clinically useful. In various complex diseases, gene studies have targeted rare alleles for unsolved heritability.

Cilostazol decreases cerebral arterial pulsatility in patients with mild white matter hyperintensities: subgroup analysis from the Effect of Cilostazol in Acute Lacunar Infarction Based on Pulsatility Index of Transcranial Doppler (ECLIPse) study.

Background: The Effect of Cilostazol in Acute Lacunar Infarction Based on Pulsatility Index of the Transcranial Doppler (ECLIPse) study showed a significant decrease in the transcranial Doppler (TCD) pulsatility index (PI) with cilostazol treatment at 90 days after acute lacunar infarction. The aim of the present study was to perform a subgroup analysis of the ECLIPse study in order to explore the effect of cilostazol in acute lacunar infarction based on cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) volume.

Methods: The ECLIPse study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that evaluated the difference between the efficacy of cilostazol and a placebo to reduce the PI in patients with acute lacunar infarction using serial TCD examinations.