Tracking the structural change of the predissociating molecule near the transition state.

Despite its profound significance, the molecular structural changes near the transition state, driven by the vibronic coupling, have remained largely unexplored, leaving a crucial aspect of chemical reactions shrouded in uncertainty. Herein, the dynamical behavior of the reactive flux on the verge of chemical bond breakage was revealed through the spectroscopic characterization of a large amplitude vibrational motion. Highly excited internal rotor states of S methylamine (CHND) report on the structural change as the molecule approaches the transition state, indicating that the quasi-free internal rotation is strongly coupled to the reaction coordinate as their energies near the maximum of the reaction barrier for the N-D chemical bond predissociation.

Amplifying Photochromic Response in Tungsten Oxide Films with Titanium Oxide and Polyvinylpyrrolidone.

Tungsten oxide (WO) is known for its photochromic properties, making it useful for smart windows, displays, and sensors. However, its small bandgap leads to rapid recombination of electron-hole pairs, resulting in poor photochromic performance. This study aims to enhance the photochromic properties of WO by synthesizing hexagonal tungsten oxide via hydrothermal synthesis, which increases surface area and internal hydrates.

Learning gene networks under SNP perturbation using SNP and allele-specific expression data.

Allele-specific expression quantification from RNA-seq reads provides opportunities to study the control of gene regulatory networks by -acting and -acting genetic variants. Many existing methods performed a single-gene and single-SNP association analysis to identify expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), and placed the eQTLs against known gene networks for functional interpretation. Instead, we view eQTL data as a capture of the effects of perturbation of gene regulatory system by a large number of genetic variants and reconstruct a gene network perturbed by eQTLs.

Real-Time Context-Aware Recommendation System for Tourism.

Recently, the tourism trend has been shifting towards the Tourism 2.0 paradigm due to increased travel experiences and the increase in acquiring and sharing information through the Internet. The Tourism 2.

Movement-Related Potentials Associated with Motor Timing Errors as Determined by Internally Cued Movement Onset.

Objective: Accurate motor timing is critical for efficient motor control of behaviors; however, the effect of motor timing abilities on movement-related neural activities has rarely been investigated. The current study aimed to examine the electrophysiological correlates of motor timing errors.

Methods: Twenty-two healthy volunteers performed motor timing tasks while their electroencephalographic and electromyographic (EMG) activities were simultaneously recorded.

The Impact of Preoperative α-Adrenergic Antagonists on Ureteral Access Sheath Insertion Force and the Upper Limit of Force Required to Avoid Ureteral Mucosal Injury: A Randomized Controlled Study.

Purpose: Excessive bulking force during primary access of the ureteral access sheath may induce ureteral injury. We investigated the efficacy of preoperative α-blockade to reduce ureteral access sheath insertion force and determine the upper limit required to avoid ureteral injury.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized controlled trial 135 patients from a single institution who had ureteropelvic junction or renal pelvis stones and were scheduled to undergo retrograde intrarenal surgery were prospectively enrolled from December 2015 to January 2017.

Preparation and characterization of nano-sized hydroxyapatite/alginate/chitosan composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

The aim of this study was to develop chitosan composite scaffolds with high strength and controlled pore structures by homogenously dispersed nano-sized hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) powders. In the fabrication of composite scaffolds, nano-HAp powders distributed in an alginate (AG) solution with a pH higher than 10 were mixed with a chitosan (CS) solution and then freeze dried. While the HAp content increased up to 70 wt.

Vibronic structures and dynamics of the predissociating dimethyl sulfide and its isotopomers (CH₃SCH₃, CD₃SCD₃, CH₃SCD₃) at the conical intersection.

Conical intersection seam comprised of crossing surfaces of two lowest excited states of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) has been directly accessed by the one-photon excitation from the ground equilibrium state. Since the S-C bond rupture takes place promptly, the molecular structure on the excited state effectively belongs to C(S) symmetry. Namely, excited states of 1(1)B1 and 1(1)A2 in C(2)V become 1(1)A'' and 2(1)A'' states in C(S), respectively, and the optical transition from the ground equilibrium state to the dissociating molecule at the conical intersection seam is symmetry-allowed to facilitate the nonadiabatic transition on the 2(1)A'' state, leading eventually to the CH3S + CH3 products.

Conical intersection seam and bound resonances embedded in continuum observed in the photodissociation of thioanisole-d3.

Herein, the multi-dimensional nature of the conical intersection seam has been experimentally revealed in the photodissociation reaction of thioanisole-d3 (C6H5SCD3) excited on S1, giving C6H5S·(Ã or X̃]) +·CD3 products. The translational energy distribution of the nascent·CD3 fragment, reflecting the relative yields of the C6H5S·(Ã) and C6H5S·(X̃) products, was measured at each S1 vibronic band using the velocity map ion imaging technique. Direct access of the reactant flux to the conical intersection seam leads to the increase of the nonadiabatic transition probability resulting in sharp resonances in the X̃/ÃC6H5S·product branching ratio at several distinct S1 vibronic bands.

Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection at the time of pars plana vitrectomy for retained lens material.

Purpose: To report the experiences at our institute of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in combination with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection in patients with retained lens material after cataract surgery.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent PPV between January 2005 and December 2006 after complicated cataract surgery in which lens material was dropped into the vitreous cavity were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Five eyes of five patients were treated by vitrectomy and removal of the dislocated lens material and were administered an adjuvant intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone acetonide at the end of surgery.

Transthoracic echocardiography and carotid Doppler ultrasound for detection of cardiac and carotid artery disease in patients with acute retinal artery obstruction.

We reviewed the medical records of patients with acute retinal artery obstruction (RAO) and evaluated the importance of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and carotid Doppler ultrasound in determining causes of cardiac and carotid artery origin in RAO. A retrospective case study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Inha University Hospital, Korea comprised 26 patients presenting with acute RAO who underwent systemic evaluation, TTE and carotid Doppler ultrasound between June 1, 1997 and December 31, 2003. Among these 26 patients, abnormal cardiac findings were detected in 12 (46%) and abnormal carotid findings in 4 (15%).