Automated deep-learning system in the assessment of MRI-visible prostate cancer: comparison of advanced zoomed diffusion-weighted imaging and conventional technique.

Background: Deep-learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (DL-CAD) systems using MRI for prostate cancer (PCa) detection have demonstrated good performance. Nevertheless, DL-CAD systems are vulnerable to high heterogeneities in DWI, which can interfere with DL-CAD assessments and impair performance. This study aims to compare PCa detection of DL-CAD between zoomed-field-of-view echo-planar DWI (z-DWI) and full-field-of-view DWI (f-DWI) and find the risk factors affecting DL-CAD diagnostic efficiency.

Adversarial training for prostate cancer classification using magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: To use adversarial training to increase the generalizability and diagnostic accuracy of deep learning models for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Methods: This multicenter study retrospectively included 396 prostate cancer patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (development set, 297 patients from Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital and Eighth People's Hospital; test set, 99 patients from Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University). Two binary classification deep learning models for clinically significant prostate cancer classification [PM1, pretraining Visual Geometry Group network (VGGNet)-16-based model 1; PM2, pretraining residual network (ResNet)-50-based model 2] and two multiclass classification deep learning models for prostate cancer grading (PM3, pretraining VGGNet-16-based model 3; PM4: pretraining ResNet-50-based model 4) were built using apparent diffusion coefficient and T2-weighted images.

Thin-slab maximum intensity projection of CT angiography for collateral score and clot burden score evaluation: comparison with conventional CT angiography.

Background: This study aimed to exam the effects of thin-slab maximum intensity projection (TS-MIP) of computed tomography angiography (CTA) for collateral score (CS) and clot burden score (CBS) evaluation in patients with large-vessel-occlusion (LVO) stroke in the anterior circulation.

Methods: Of 241 consecutive patients with LVO stroke admitted to our center between August 2015 and June 2020, 187 patients were enrolled. CS and CBS were evaluated on conventional CTA and TS-MIP separately.

Synthesizing High--Value Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Prostate Using Generative Adversarial Networks.

Purpose: To develop and evaluate a diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) deep learning framework based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) to generate synthetic high--value ( =1500 sec/mm) DWI (SYN) sets from acquired standard--value ( = 800 sec/mm) DWI (ACQ) and acquired standard--value ( = 1000 sec/mm) DWI (ACQ) sets.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 395 patients who underwent prostate multiparametric MRI. This cohort was split into internal training (96 patients) and external testing (299 patients) datasets.

Calculation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficients in Prostate Cancer Using Deep Learning Algorithms: A Pilot Study.

Background: Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) obtained with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are highly valuable for the detection and staging of prostate cancer and for assessing the response to treatment. However, DWI suffers from significant anatomic distortions and susceptibility artifacts, resulting in reduced accuracy and reproducibility of the ADC calculations. The current methods for improving the DWI quality are heavily dependent on software, hardware, and additional scan time.

Comparative Study on Iron Content Detection by Energy Spectral CT and MRI in MDS Patients.

The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between dual energy spectral computed tomography (DECT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used to detect liver/cardiac iron content in Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with differently adjusted serum ferritin (ASF) levels. Liver and cardiac iron content were detected by DECT and MRI. Patients were divided into different subgroups according to the level of ASF.

Analysis of the influencing factors related to liver and cardiac iron overload in MDS patients detected by MRI in the real world.

Objectives: We aim to explore and analyze the related influencing factors of liver and cardiac iron overload in MDS patients detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: We have detected cardiac T2* and liver T2* by MRI in 105 MDS patients. Among them, 20 patients accepted MRI examination before and after iron chelation therapy (ICT).

Advanced zoomed diffusion-weighted imaging vs. full-field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging in prostate cancer detection: a radiomic features study.

Objectives: We aimed to compare the efficiency of prostate cancer (PCa) detection using a radiomics signature based on advanced zoomed diffusion-weighted imaging and conventional full-field-of-view DWI.

Methods: A total of 136 patients, including 73 patients with PCa and 63 without PCa, underwent multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI). Radiomic features were extracted from prostate lesion areas segmented on full-field-of-view DWI with b-value = 1500 s/mm (f-DWI), advanced zoomed DWI images with b-value = 1500 s/mm (z-DWI), calculated zoomed DWI with b-value = 2000 s/mm (z-calDWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from both sequences (f-ADC and z-ADC).

Atherosclerosis in intracranial or extracranial vessels in diabetic patients and the association with stroke subtype.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased prevalence and severity of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and location of atherosclerosis in intracranial and extracranial vessels in diabetic patients and to investigate their association with ischemic stroke subtype.

Methods: Diabetes patients (n=128) and nondiabetic patients (n=195) were enrolled.

Evaluation of Quiescent-Interval Single-Shot Magnetic Resonance Angiography in Diabetic Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia Undergoing Digital Subtraction Angiography: Comparison With Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Angiography With Calf Compression at 3.0 Tesla.

Purpose: To assess the diagnostic performance of quiescent-interval single-shot magnetic resonance angiography (QISS-MRA) at 3 tesla in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) vs contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the standard of reference.

Method: Thirty-seven consecutive diabetic patients (mean age 71.8±7.

Integrated application of antegrade and retrograde recanalization for femoral-popliteal artery chronic total occlusions: outcomes compared with antegrade recanalization.

Background: To investigate the efficacy of retrograde recanalization for chronic total occlusion (CTO) of femoral-popliteal artery in patients with peripheral arterial disease.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective study, all patients who had undergone endovascular recanalization for femoral-popliteal CTOs at our center from June 2011 to October 2014 were included. Patients' demographics, immediate and follow-up outcomes were analyzed.

Correction to: Morphological characteristics of chronic total occlusion: predictors of different strategies for long-segment femoral arterial occlusions.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes. The legends to Figs. 2-4 were incorrectly interchanged.

Predictors for Better Blood-Flow Restoration of Long-Segmental Below-the-Knee Chronic Total Occlusions after Endovascular Therapy in Diabetic Patients.

Objective: To prospectively investigate predictors for good restoration of blood flow of below-the-knee (BTK) chronic total occlusions (CTOs) after endovascular therapy in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 long-segmental (≥ 5 cm) BTK, CTOs in 81 patients who underwent recanalization were included in this study. After angioplasty, blood-flow restoration was assessed using modified thrombolysis in myocardial ischemia grades and classified as good flow (grade 3) and poor flow (grade 1/2).

String-like lumen in below-the-knee chronic total occlusions on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography predicts intraluminal recanalization and better blood flow restoration.

Objectives: To determine whether string-like lumina (SLs) on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) predict better outcomes in diabetic patients with below-the-knee (BTK) chronic total occlusions (CTOs).

Methods: This study involved 317 long-segment (>5 cm) BTK CTOs of 245 patients that were examined using CE-MRA and treated using endovascular angioplasty. An SL with a CTO was slowly filled with blood on conventional CE-MRA.

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Involving the Straight Sinus May Result in Infarction and/or Hemorrhage.

Aim: We retrospectively investigated the clinical profiles and neuroimaging data of patients with documented cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) to analyze the relationship between the sites of CVST and clinical manifestations.

Methods: A total of 68 patients, who were examined and treated at our hospital, were identified after review and their data were retrospectively analyzed.

Results: Initial non-contrast CT scan showed a definite spontaneous hyperdensity of one or several sinuses in 47 patients (69.

Percutaneous Aspiration Thrombectomy for Arterial Thromboembolism during Infrainguinal Endovascular Recanalization.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy (PAT) for infrainguinal arterial thromboembolism in patients undergoing endovascular recanalization (EVR) and to investigate the predictors for thromboembolic complications.

Materials And Methods: In total, 23 patients (23 limbs) who underwent PAT for thromboembolism (PAT group, PG) during EVR and 237 patients (302 limbs) who underwent successful EVR without thromboembolic complications (control group, CG) were enrolled. Immediate post-operation and follow-up outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Rendezvous technique for recanalization of long-segmental chronic total occlusion above the knee following unsuccessful standard angioplasty.

Purpose: To assess the technical feasibility and efficacy of the rendezvous technique, a type of subintimal retrograde wiring, for the treatment of long-segmental chronic total occlusions above the knee following unsuccessful standard angioplasty.

Methods: The rendezvous technique was attempted in eight limbs of eight patients with chronic total occlusions above the knee after standard angioplasty failed. The clinical symptoms and ankle-brachial index were compared before and after the procedure.

Runoff detected by magnetic resonance angiography as an indicator for better recanalization outcomes in below-the-knee chronic total occlusions in diabetic patients.

Purpose: To compare the feasibility and efficacy of recanalizing below-the-knee (BTK) chronic total occlusions (CTOs) between patients with good or poor distal runoff based on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) scans.

Methods: Two hundred long-segment BTK CTOs in 171 limbs of 113 diabetic patients (58 men; mean age 69.8±1.

3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging improves the prostate cancer detection rate in transrectral ultrasound-guided biopsy.

The detection rate of prostate cancer (PCa) using traditional biopsy guided by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to determine the utility of 3-Tesla (3-T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to TRUS-guided prostate biopsy and to investigate which subgroup of patients had the most evident improvement in PCa detection rate. A total of 420 patients underwent 3-T MRI examination prior to the first prostate biopsy and the positions of suspicious areas were recorded respectively.

Retrograde transplantar arch angioplasty of below-the-knee arterial occlusions: outcomes compared to anterograde recanalization.

Rationale And Objectives: To compare the clinical outcomes of retrograde transplantar arch angioplasty and conventional below-the-knee (BTK) anterograde recanalization.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twelve limbs in 96 patients underwent attempt at antegrade tibial angioplasty. Among 27 technical failures, retrograde trans-dorsal or -planter percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was attempted in 22 limbs.

Patency of runoff detected by MR angiography at 3.0 T with cuff-compression: a predictor of successful endovascular recanalization below the knee.

Objectives: Our aim was to assess the reliability of detecting distal runoff vessels using contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) that were occult on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for predicting the outcome of endovascular recanalization (ER).

Methods: This retrospective analysis comprised 63 patients with diabetes (98 limbs) who underwent ER for infrapopliteal lesions. Before ER, they underwent CE-MRA and DSA for peripheral arterial disease; runoff vessels were detected with CE-MRA, but not with DSA.

Outcomes of antiplatelet therapy for haemorrhage patients after thrombolysis: a prospective study based on susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Purpose: The authors evaluated the effect of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) for antiplatelet therapy on post-thrombolysis microbleeds (MB).

Materials And Methods: A total of 146 patients without symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage on computed tomography after thrombolysis were allocated to two groups: group A (n = 72) received antiplatelets 24 h after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, regardless of SWI-detected haemorrhage; group B (n = 74) received antiplatelets for patients without SWI-visualised haemorrhage.

Results: Haemorrhage was detected by SWI in 22 and 28 patients in groups A and B, respectively.

Protective effect of dl-3n-butylphthalide preconditioning on focal cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Objective: To investigate the effect of dl-3n-butylphthalide (NBP) on the protection of cerebral tissue and possible mechanism on ischaemia-reperfusion injury, and to find out whether NBP therapy can extend the reperfusion window in an experimental stroke model in rats.

Methods: Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation, ischaemia-reperfusion and ischaemia-reperfusion with NBP groups. Focal cerebral ischaemia was induced using the modified intraluminal thread method and maintained for 2, 3 or 4 h.